1
|
Huber S, Alfuth M. Retracted Article: Validity and Reliability of Sensor-based Measures of Lower Limb Range of Motion in Soccer Players: a Cross-sectional Study. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE 2024. [PMID: 38964364 DOI: 10.1055/a-2331-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungEin Defizit der Beweglichkeit gilt als Risikofaktor für Verletzungen der unteren Extremität im Fußball. Zur Messung des Bewegungsausmaßes (Range of Motion [ROM]) eines Gelenks werden analoge Goniometer verwendet. Zunehmend entwickelte sensorbasierte Verfahren wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Testgüte noch nicht hinreichend untersucht. Ziel dieser Studie war die Bestimmung der Übereinstimmungsvalidität sowie der Intratester- und Intertester-Reliabilität sensorbasierter Messungen des Bewegungsumfangs der unteren Extremität bei Fußballspielern. 36 beschwerdefreie Amateurfußballer (Alter: 26,3 ± 4,7 Jahre) wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Aus 5 Physiotherapeuten wurden 3 zufällig bestimmt, um die Messungen durchzuführen. Zwei Tester führten die Messungen (1. ROM Knie aus Langsitz; 2. Streckdefizit Knie aus Langsitz; 3. ROM Knie aus Stand; 4. ROM Sprunggelenk Dorsalextension [DE] während Ausfallschritt; 5. ROM Sprunggelenk Plantarflexion [PF] aus Sitz auf dem Stuhl) mit dem digitalen
Sensor durch (Index-Test). Der 3. Tester übernahm die Messungen mit dem analogen Goniometer nach Neutral-Null-Methode mit den Probanden in Rückenlage (Referenzstandard). Zur statistischen Analyse wurden der Pearson-Korrelationskoeffizient r, Bland-Altman-Analysen (BAA) und der Intraklassenkorrelationskoeffizient (ICC) verwendet (p ≤ 0,05). Nur bei den Messungen 4 und 5 zeigten sich in der BAA akzeptable mittlere Differenzen von 8,4° (DE) und −10,2° (PF). Bei Messung 1 lag eine moderate Korrelation (r = 0,582) vor. Die sensorbasierten Messungen des Bewegungsumfangs des Knie- und Sprunggelenks wiesen eine exzellente Intra- und Intertesterreliabilität auf (ICC = 0,949–0,986; ICC = 0,895–0,968). Mit dem hier verwendeten etablierten Referenzstandard zeigten sie jedoch nur eine eingeschränkte Übereinstimmung, was mit den unterschiedlichen Ausgangspositionen von Index-Test und Referenzstandard erklärt werden kann.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Huber
- Department of Further Education, M.Sc. Sport Physiotherapy, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Alfuth
- Faculty of Health Care, Therapeutic Sciences, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Krefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grimes J, Wager J, DiZinno C, Fogarty T, Hund E, Rooney B, Roy T, Goldfarb J, Bauer P. Reliability and validity of the medial standing overhead arm reach (SOAR) test as a measure of functional hip adduction motion. Clin Rehabil 2024; 38:955-964. [PMID: 38444212 DOI: 10.1177/02692155241236600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Posterior Standing Overhead Arm Reach (SOAR) test has been previously reported as a reliable clinical measure of closed chain hip extension motion. The proposed Medial SOAR test expands on that testing approach to provide a similar measure of functional hip adduction motion. This was a preliminary intrarater and interrater reliability and validity study of the Medial SOAR test as a measure of functional hip adduction. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING University motion analysis laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Fifty hips were assessed in 25 (22 female) asymptomatic participants (mean age = 23.4 years, SD = 0.8). MAIN MEASURES Maximum hip adduction during the Medial SOAR test was measured with a standard goniometer independently by two examiners. The test was also performed using three-dimensional motion capture. The intrarater and interrater reliability of the goniometric measure was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients, and the relationship between measures obtained via goniometry and three-dimensional motion capture was assessed with Pearson correlations and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS Intrarater reliability (ICC2,3) was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.80-0.92) for Examiner 1 and 0.87 (95% CI = 0.79-0.92) for Examiner 2. The standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were less than 3.0°. Interrater reliability demonstrated an intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.62 (95% CI = 0.28-0.79). Pearson correlations were significant with low-to-moderate associations (r = 0.49, P < 0.001; r = 0.24, P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Similar to the previously reported Posterior SOAR test, the Medial SOAR test demonstrated acceptable intrarater and interrater reliability, along with low-to-moderate associations with three-dimensional motion capture. The Medial SOAR test has the potential to provide a reliable and accurate assessment of closed chain hip adduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Grimes
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Justin Wager
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Casey DiZinno
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Fogarty
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Eric Hund
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Brendan Rooney
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Taylor Roy
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | | | - Paul Bauer
- Physical Therapy Specialists, Guilford, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sala DA, Ragni LB. Reliability of the Clinical Measurement of Upper and Lower Extremity Joint Motion in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2023; 44:248-276. [PMID: 37644707 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2247072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the clinical measurement of pediatric joint motion of upper and lower extremities, based on participant condition and measurement technique. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched using combinations of children or adolescents, range of motion, and reliability. Reference lists and citations of reviewed studies were searched for additional publications. RESULTS Thirty-one studies of pediatric samples of developing typically, orthopedic injuries, athletes, cerebral palsy, and other diagnoses were reviewed. For techniques, measurements were made most frequently with a goniometer followed by visual estimation, inclinometer, smartphone apps, and specialized devices. The reliability of hip abduction measurements of participants with cerebral palsy was evaluated most often and varied widely for both intraobserver and interobserver. In general, goniometric results indicated greater reliability for upper than lower extremities and for intraobserver than interobserver. As the other techniques were each utilized in only a few studies, involving different participant conditions, joint motions and statistics, the analysis of their reliability was limited. CONCLUSIONS Intraobserver and interobserver reliability have not been established for pediatric joint motion measurements. Further research should include various joint motion measurements for different pediatric conditions using appropriate statistics. Results would provide important information for making clinical decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lori B Ragni
- Pediatric Occupational Therapy, Rusk Rehabilitation, NYU Langone Health, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hanks J, Myers B. Validity, Reliability, and Efficiency of a Standard Goniometer, Medical Inclinometer, and Builder's Inclinometer. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:989-996. [PMID: 37547826 PMCID: PMC10399115 DOI: 10.26603/001c.83944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Joint range of motion (ROM) is an important assessment to aid diagnostic and clinical decision-making for persons with a wide variety of neuromusculoskeletal conditions. The current clinical standard for assessing ROM is the standard goniometer (SG). Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and time required to assess ROM using a standard goniometer (SG), medical inclinometer (MI), and builder's digital inclinometer (BI). Study Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Fifty participants with no current shoulder, elbow, or forearm pain limiting movement were assessed by a single tester. The tester measured three repetitions of passive forearm and shoulder rotation with an SG, MI, and BI. Device order was randomized. Time to complete assessment with each device was measured. Results BI and MI were significantly faster than the SG (p < 0.001) for all motions. Inclinometer measurements were more reliable (average ICC = 0.933 for MI and 0.919 for BI) than SG measurements (average ICC = 0.822). There was good correlation between MI and BI and mean differences between devices was less than 2°. Correlations between the SG and the inclinometers ranged from poor to fair and mean differences between devices was 4°. Conclusion The BI and MI were reliable for measuring forearm and shoulder rotation. The poor correlation between the SG and inclinometers indicates that clinicians should utilize the same device for testing. Because time can be a barrier to clinician assessment, the greater efficiency and reliability of inclinometers warrants consideration as the new measurement standard. Standard patient and inclinometer positioning is recommended to enhance reliability. Level of Evidence 2©The Author(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June Hanks
- Physical Therapy University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
| | - Betsy Myers
- Physical Therapy University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kusumoto Y, Goto H, Chiba K, Oonishi S, Tsuchiya J. Characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using tensiomyography by sex in healthy college students: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14732. [PMID: 36655037 PMCID: PMC9841898 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive instrument for measuring mechanical muscle contraction characteristics and measuring the maximum displacement of the muscle belly in the radial direction with respect to the muscle and the time needed to achieve this from electrical stimulation. There have been only been a reports of TMG in healthy adults. A systematic review of TMG reported a low proportion of female participants, with a small sample size. Therefore, it is unclear whether there is a difference in TMG parameters according to sex and between dominant and non-dominant feet. Furthermore, the relationship between TMG parameters and evaluations commonly used in clinical practice has not been clarified. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using TMG according to sex among healthy college students and its relationship with muscle function evaluation, such as lower limb muscle mass and muscle strength. Methods This cross-sectional study included 91 healthy university students (18-24 years). Five tools were used: TMG, lower-limb muscle mass, rectus femoris thickness, isometric knee joint extension torque, and thigh circumference. Each parameter was compared by the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test, with sex as the without-subject factor and dominant/non-dominant foot as the within-subject factor. The correlation between the TMG parameters and other parameters was examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient for both males and females. Results The results of the GLMM, in terms of the TMG parameters, an interaction was observed for maximum displacement (Dm); in the results of the multiple comparison test, Dm for the non-dominant leg was significantly lower in females than in males. A main effect and interaction were not observed for delay time (Td) and contraction time (Tc) by sex, dominant foot, or non-dominant foot. There was a main effect of sex on muscle function evaluation parameters (ρ ≤ 0.05). The correlation between TMG parameters for males and females and lower limb muscle mass, muscle thickness, joint torque, and thigh circumference were significantly correlated with some TMG parameters, lower limb muscle mass and muscle thickness (ρ ≤ 0.05). The absolute value of the correlation coefficient was low overall (0.20-0.38). Conclusion In healthy college students, TMG parameters for the rectus femoris showed sex differences in Dm, and there was a weak correlation between TMG parameters and lower limb muscle mass. TMG parameter evaluation may indicate a different function compared to the traditional muscle function assessment used in clinical practice. When using the Dm of the TMG as an evaluation battery for the rectus femoris muscle, it is important to consider sex-related differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Kusumoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Health Sciences, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Kohei Chiba
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Oonishi
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo University of Technology, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Tsuchiya
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo University of Technology, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eymann J, Vach W, Fischer L, Jakob M, Gösele A. Comparing a Sensor for Movement Assessment with Traditional Physiotherapeutic Assessment Methods in Patients after Knee Surgery-A Method Comparison and Reproducibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16581. [PMID: 36554461 PMCID: PMC9779175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors offer the opportunity for patients to perform a self-assessment of their function with respect to a variety of movement exercises. Corresponding commercial products have the potential to change the communication between patients and physiotherapists during the recovery process. Even if they turn out to be user-friendly, there remains the question to what degree the numerical results are reliable and comparable with those obtained by assessment methods traditionally used. To address this question for one specific recently developed and commercially available sensor, a method comparison study was performed. The sensor-based assessment of eight movement parameters was compared with an assessment of the same parameters based on test procedures traditionally used. Thirty-three patients recovering after arthroscopic knee surgery participated in the study. The whole assessment procedure was repeated. Reproducibility and agreement were quantified by the intra class correlation coefficient. The height of a one-leg vertical jump and the number of side hops showed high agreement between the two modalities and high reproducibility (ICC > 0.85). Due to differences in the set-up of the assessment, agreement could not be achieved for three mobility parameters, but even the correlation was only fair (r < 0.5). Knee stability showed poor agreement. Consequently, the use of the sensor can currently only be recommended for selected parameters. The variation in degree of agreement and reproducibility across different parameters clearly indicate the need for developing corresponding guidance for each new sensor put onto the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Werner Vach
- Basel Academy for Quality and Research in Medicine, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcel Jakob
- Crossklinik AG, 4054 Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ekanayake CD, DeMik DE, Glass NA, Kotseos C, Callaghan JJ, Ratigan BL. Comparison of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Functional Assessment Using a Marker-Less Image Capture System in End-Stage Knee Arthritis. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:2158-2163. [PMID: 35644460 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient self-assessment of knee function in end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) and following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has become standard for defining disability. The relationship of PROMs to functional performance requires a continued investigation. The purpose of this study was to determine correlations between patient demographics, PROMs, and functional performances using a marker-less image capture system (MICS). METHODS Patients indicated for elective TKA completed the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Score for Joint Replacement (KOOS-JR) and an office-based functional assessment using a MICS. Patient age, body mass index (BMI), and gender were collected. A total of 112 patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 65.0 (±9.7) years, mean BMI was 32.5 (±6.6) kg/m2, and mean KOOS-JR was 14.5 (±5.7). The relationships between patient characteristics, KOOS-JR, MICS Alignment (coronal), MICS Mobility (flexion), and composite Total Joint scores were described using Spearman's correlation coefficients. RESULTS BMI was weakly correlated with KOOS-JR (ρ = -0.22, P = .024), whereas age was not. Age and BMI were not correlated with performance scores. There were weak to no correlations between KOOS-JR and MICS Alignment (ρ = -0.01, P = .951), Mobility (ρ = 0.33, P < .001), and Total Joint scores (ρ = 0.06, P = .504). CONCLUSION This study found no strong correlation between KOOS-JR and functional performance using a validated MICS for patients with end-stage knee OA. Further study is warranted in determining the relationship between PROMs and performance to optimize outcomes of patients undergoing nonoperative or surgical interventions for knee OA. The use of high-fidelity functional assessment tools that can be integrated into clinical workflow, such as the MICS used in this study, should permit PROM/functional performance comparisons in large populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David E DeMik
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Natalie A Glass
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - John J Callaghan
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grimes J, Wager J, Goldfarb J, Bauer P, Ferraro P, Loken M, Lynch R, Stegmann T. A preliminary study of the reliability and validity of the Posterior Standing Overhead Arm Reach (SOAR) test as a measure of functional hip extension motion. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2022; 61:102589. [PMID: 35661575 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2022.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clinical tests do not provide a method to reliably measure closed chain hip extension. We developed the Posterior Standing Overhead Arm Reach (SOAR) test for this purpose. OBJECTIVES This was a preliminary intrarater and interrater reliability and validity study of the Posterior SOAR test as a measure of functional hip extension. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHOD Hip extension on the Posterior SOAR test was measured with a standard goniometer independently by two examiners. The test was then repeated using three-dimensional (3D) motion capture. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of the goniometric measure and Pearson correlations were used to assess the relationship between measures obtained via goniometry and 3D motion capture. RESULTS Fifty hips were assessed in 25 (14 female, 11 male) asymptomatic participants (mean age = 24.0 years, SD = 1.1). Intrarater reliability (ICC2,3) was 0.80 (95% CI = 0.68-0.88) for Examiner 1 and 0.77 (95% CI = 0.64-0.86) for Examiner 2, indicating excellent reliability. The standard error of the measure (SEM90) ranged from 2.5° to 3.0° with a minimal detectable change (MDC90) of 3.5° to 4.2°. Interrater reliability was good with ICC = 0.65 (95% CI = 0.36-0.80). Pearson correlations were significant with low to moderate associations (r = 0.36, P = 0.009; r = 0.51, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The Posterior SOAR test demonstrated excellent intrarater reliability, good interrater reliability, and low to moderate associations with 3D motion capture. The Posterior SOAR test has the potential to provide a reliable and accurate assessment of closed chain hip extension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Grimes
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA.
| | - Justin Wager
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA
| | - Jon Goldfarb
- Physical Therapy Specialists, 705 Boston Post Road #A5, Guilford, CT, 06437, USA
| | - Paul Bauer
- Physical Therapy Specialists, 705 Boston Post Road #A5, Guilford, CT, 06437, USA
| | - Patrick Ferraro
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA
| | - Michelle Loken
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA
| | - Robert Lynch
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA
| | - Tyler Stegmann
- Sacred Heart University, Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Science, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT, 06825, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pinto BL, Stankovic T, Frost DM, Beach TAC. Adjacent Joint Restriction Differentially Influences Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability and Agreement of Goniometric Measurements. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:276-285. [PMID: 35136697 PMCID: PMC8805127 DOI: 10.26603/001c.30998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliability and agreement of goniometric measurements can be altered by variations in measurement technique such as restricting adjacent joints to influence bi-articular muscles. It is unknown if the influence of adjacent joint restriction is consistent across different range of motion (ROM) tests, as this has yet to be assessed within a single study. Additionally, between-study comparisons are challenged by differences between methodology, participants and raters, obscuring the development of a conceptual understanding of the extent to which adjacent joint restriction can influence goniometric ROM measurements. PURPOSE To quantify intra- and inter-rater reliability and levels of agreement of goniometric measurements across five ROM tests, with and without adjacent joint restriction. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive reliability study. METHODS Three trained and experienced raters made two measurements of bilateral ankle dorsiflexion, first metatarsophalangeal dorsiflexion, hip extension, hip flexion, and shoulder flexion, with and without adjacent joint restriction. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), along with participant, measurement/rater and random error variance were estimated. RESULTS Eleven females (age 21.4 ±2.3 years) and 19 males (age 22.1 ±2.8 years) participated. Adjacent joint restriction did not influence the reliability and agreement in a consistent way across the five ROM tests. Changes in the inter-rater reliability and agreement were more pronounced compared to the intra-rater reliability and agreement. Assessing variance components (participant, measurement/rater and random error variance) that are used to calculate the ICC and SEM, improved interpretation of ICC and SEM scores. CONCLUSION The effects of adjacent joint restriction on reliability and agreement of goniometric measurements depend on the ROM test and should be considered when comparing measurements between multiple raters. Reporting variance components that are used to calculate the ICC and SEM can improve interpretation and may improve between-study comparisons, towards developing a conceptual framework to guide goniometric measurement technique. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3b.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto
| | - David M Frost
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rose-Dulcina K, Vassant C, Lauper N, Dominguez DE, Armand S. The SWING test: A more reliable test than passive clinical tests for assessing sagittal plane hip mobility. Gait Posture 2022; 92:77-82. [PMID: 34826697 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical assessment of sagittal plane hip mobility is usually performed using the Modified Thomas Test (for extension) and the Straight-Leg-Raise (for flexion) with a goniometer. These tests have limited reliability, however. An active swinging leg movement test (the SWING test), assessed using 3D motion analysis, could provide an alternative to these passive clinical tests. RESEARCH QUESTION Is the SWING test a more reliable alternative to evaluate hip mobility, in comparison to the clinical extension and flexion tests? METHODS Ten asymptomatic adult participants were evaluated by two investigators over three sessions. Participants performed 10 maximal hip extensions and flexions, with both legs straight and no trunk movement (the SWING test). Hip kinematics was assessed using a 3D motion analysis system. Maximal and minimal hip angles were calculated for each swing and represented maximal hip flexion (SWING flexion) and extension (SWING extension), respectively. The Modified Thomas Test and Straight-Leg-Raise were repeated 3 times for each leg. On the first day, both investigators performed all the tests (SWING + Modified Thomas Test + Straight-Leg-Raise). A week later, a single investigator repeated all the tests. Inter-rater, intra-rater, within-day and between-day reliability were evaluated using intra-class correlation. RESULTS Intra-class correlation coefficients for all the tests were superior to 0.8, except for the Modified Thomas Test's intra-rater, between-day (intra-class correlation 0.673) and the Straight-Leg-Raise's inter-rater, within-day (intra-class correlation 0.294). The SWING test always showed a higher intra-class correlation coefficient than the passive clinical tests. The only significant correlation found was for the Straight-Leg-Raise and SWING flexion (r = 0.48; P < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE The SWING test seems to be an alternative to existing passive clinical tests, offering better reliability for assessing sagittal plane hip mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rose-Dulcina
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Cédric Vassant
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas Lauper
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Dennis E Dominguez
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphane Armand
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hahn S, Kröger I, Willwacher S, Augat P. Reliability and validity varies among smartphone apps for range of motion measurements of the lower extremity: a systematic review. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2021; 66:537-555. [PMID: 34768316 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to determine whether smartphone applications are reliable and valid to measure range of motion (RoM) in lower extremity joints. A literature search was performed up to October 2020 in the databases PubMed and Cochrane Library. Studies that reported reliability or validity of smartphone applications for RoM measurements were included. The study quality was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool and baseline information, validity and reliability were extracted. Twenty-five studies were included in the review. Eighteen studies examined knee RoM, whereof two apps were analysed as having good to excellent reliability and validity for knee flexion ("DrGoniometer", "Angle") and one app showed good results for knee extension ("DrGoniometer"). Eight studies analysed ankle RoM. One of these apps showed good intra-rater reliability and excellent validity for dorsiflexion RoM ("iHandy level"), another app showed excellent reliability and moderate validity for plantarflexion RoM ("Coach's Eye"). All other apps concerning lower extremity RoM had either insufficient results, lacked study quality or were no longer available. Some apps are reliable and valid to measure RoM in the knee and ankle joint. No app can be recommended for hip RoM measurement without restrictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hahn
- Institute of Functional Diagnostics, Cologne, Germany
| | - Inga Kröger
- Institute of Biomechanics, BG-Unfallklinik Murnau Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany.,Institute of Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- Institute of Functional Diagnostics, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Offenburg University Offenburg, Germany
| | - Peter Augat
- Institute of Biomechanics, BG-Unfallklinik Murnau Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany.,Institute of Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Albiero ML, Kokott W, Dziuk C, Cross JA. Relationships between Hip Flexibility and Pitching Biomechanics in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers. J Athl Train 2021; 57:704-710. [PMID: 34543423 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0103.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inadequate hip active range of motion (AROM) may stifle the energy flow through the kinematic chain and decrease pitching performance while increasing the risk for pitcher injury. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of hip AROM and pitching biomechanics during a fastball pitch in adolescent baseball pitchers. DESIGN Cross-Sectional study. SETTING Biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS A voluntary sample of 21 adolescent baseball pitchers (16.1 ± 0.8 yrs.; 183.9 ± 5.2 cm; 77.9 ± 8.3 kg). Main Outcome Measure (s): Bilateral hip internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), flexion, extension, and abduction AROM were measured. Three-dimensional biomechanics were assessed as participants threw from an indoor pitching mound to a strike zone net at regulation distance. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine correlations between hip AROM and biomechanical metrics. RESULTS Statistically significant negative correlations were found at foot contact between back hip ER AROM and back hip abduction angle (p=0.030, r=-0.474), back hip ER AROM and torso rotation angle (p=0.032, r=-0.468),and back hip abduction AROM and lead hip abduction angle (p=0.037, r=-0.458). Back hip extension AROM was positively correlated with increased stride length (p=0.043, r=0.446). Lead hip abduction AROM was also positively correlated with normalized elbow varus torque (p=0.034, r=0.464). CONCLUSIONS There were several relationships between hip AROM and biomechanical variables during the pitching motion. The findings support the influence hip AROM can have on pitching biomechanics. Overall, greater movement at the hips allows for the kinematic chain to work at its maximal efficiency, increasing pitch velocity potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell L Albiero
- Maxwell L. Albiero, Medical Student, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,
| | - Wesley Kokott
- Wesley Kokott, DPT, OCS, COMT, Senior Physical Therapist, Aurora Sports Health, Lake Geneva, WI,
| | - Cody Dziuk
- Cody Dziuk, Research Technologist II, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,
| | - Janelle A Cross
- Janelle A. Cross, PhD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lutz N, Zuckerman S, Seel F, Ott-Senn Y, Rogan S, Rasch H. A clinical test examination procedure to identify knee compartment overloading: A reliability and validity study using SPECT-CT as reference. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:500-506. [PMID: 34391278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical forces and joint misalignment are considered risk factors for the development of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Early detection of KOA and distinction between lateral and medial compartment overloading (CO), might be important to inform appropriate preventative interventions. This study evaluated reliability and validity of a test battery consisting of ten clinical tests to predict knee CO. METHODS Independent observers examined 30 participants with symptoms of KOA. Inter-rater reliability of the ten tests, as well as the anticipated CO based on the whole test battery, was determined. All participants received a SPECT-CT, which served as reference standard for CO. The agreement for CO between SPECT-CT and clinical examination was assessed to determine criterion validity. RESULTS The Kappa coefficients (k) for the ten individual clinical tests ranged from 0.19 to 0.80. The k for determining CO was 0.52 (95% CI = 0.28-0.76). The agreement for CO between SPECT-CT and clinical examination (i.e. criterion validity) yielded a k of 0.26 (95% CI = -0.06 - 0.58). Logistic regression indicated that valgus alignment was strongly related with lateral CO. No other relationships were found between individual tests and CO. CONCLUSION Accurate measurement of frontal plane knee angle is important to determine CO. This particular test yielded good reliability, but low validity. Reliability of the nine remaining clinical tests was fair to moderate. Criterion validity of the clinical examination to predict CO was low. Therefore, this test battery in its current form cannot be used in practice to determine CO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Lutz
- Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Silvia Zuckerman
- Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Specialist Group for Analytical Biomachenaics According to Sohier, Switzerland.
| | - François Seel
- Swiss Specialist Group for Analytical Biomachenaics According to Sohier, Switzerland.
| | - Yvonne Ott-Senn
- Swiss Specialist Group for Analytical Biomachenaics According to Sohier, Switzerland.
| | - Slavko Rogan
- Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Helmut Rasch
- Regional Hospital Baselland-Bruderholz, Institute for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shraim MA, Massé-Alarie H, Hodges PW. Methods to discriminate between mechanism-based categories of pain experienced in the musculoskeletal system: a systematic review. Pain 2021; 162:1007-1037. [PMID: 33136983 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mechanism-based classification of pain has been advocated widely to aid tailoring of interventions for individuals experiencing persistent musculoskeletal pain. Three pain mechanism categories (PMCs) are defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain: nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain. Discrimination between them remains challenging. This study aimed to build on a framework developed to converge the diverse literature of PMCs to systematically review methods purported to discriminate between them; synthesise and thematically analyse these methods to identify the convergence and divergence of opinion; and report validation, psychometric properties, and strengths/weaknesses of these methods. The search strategy identified articles discussing methods to discriminate between mechanism-based categories of pain experienced in the musculoskeletal system. Studies that assessed the validity of methods to discriminate between categories were assessed for quality. Extraction and thematic analysis were undertaken on 184 articles. Data synthesis identified 200 methods in 5 themes: clinical examination, quantitative sensory testing, imaging, diagnostic and laboratory testing, and pain-type questionnaires. Few methods have been validated for discrimination between PMCs. There was general convergence but some disagreement regarding findings that discriminate between PMCs. A combination of features and methods, rather than a single method, was generally recommended to discriminate between PMCs. Two major limitations were identified: an overlap of findings of methods between categories due to mixed presentations and many methods considered discrimination between 2 PMCs but not others. The results of this review provide a foundation to refine methods to differentiate mechanisms for musculoskeletal pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muath A Shraim
- The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury & Health, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, QLD, Australia
| | - Hugo Massé-Alarie
- The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury & Health, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, QLD, Australia
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et Integration sociale (CIRRIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Paul W Hodges
- The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury & Health, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jansen T, Gathen M, Touet A, Goost H, Wirtz DC, Burger C, Pflugmacher R, Welle K, Kabir K. Spine Examination during COVID-19 Pandemic via Video Consultation. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE 2021; 159:193-201. [PMID: 33530112 PMCID: PMC8043667 DOI: 10.1055/a-1283-7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the current COVID-19 pandemic video consultations are increasingly common in order to minimize the risk of infection for staff and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a spine examination via video. METHODS A total of 43 patients were recruited. Each participant underwent a video-based (VB) and a conventional face-to-face (FTF) spine examination. Pain intensity, active range of motion, inspection, a neurophysiologic basic exam and provocations tests were evaluated using video-based and face-to-face methods. RESULTS The intra-rater reliability (IRR) was measured between both examinations. Good to very good IRR values were obtained in inspection (Kappa between 0,752 und 0,944), active range of motion and basic neurophysiological examination (Kappa between 0,659 und 0,969). Only moderate matches were found in specific provocation tests (Kappa between 0,407 und 0,938). A video-based spine examination is a reliable tool for measuring pain intensity, active range of motion and a basic neurophysiologic exam. CONCLUSION A basic spine examination during a video consultation is possible. A good agreement of the test results between video-based and face-to-face examination could be found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Jansen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Gathen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Amadeo Touet
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans Goost
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Wermelskirchen Hospital, Germany
| | | | - Christof Burger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Pflugmacher
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristian Welle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Koroush Kabir
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Epskamp S, Dibley H, Ray E, Bond N, White J, Wilkinson A, Chapple CM. Range of motion as an outcome measure for knee osteoarthritis interventions in clinical trials: an integrated review. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10833196.2020.1867393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Epskamp
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hayley Dibley
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth Ray
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Bond
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joshua White
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amanda Wilkinson
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Cathy M. Chapple
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
St-Pierre MO, Boivin K, Fontaine N, Saadé N, Sobczak S. Influence of Standardized Procedures on the Reliability of Hip Clinical Assessment. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2021; 44:137-145. [PMID: 33431277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated a standardized and personalized approach to verify the effects of conditions on intrarater and interrater reliability, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable difference for provocative tests and range-of-motion (ROM) tests used in hip pain assessment: flexion-adduction-internal rotation (FADIR), flexion-abduction-external rotation-extension (FABER), and hip internal rotation with 90° of hip flexion (hip IR). METHODS Nineteen participants (mean [± SD] age = 24 ± 2 years; 10 women and 9 men) without lower limb or back pain were recruited. Three raters evaluated each participant during 2 testing sessions, 1 day apart. Raters performed the 3 tests in 4 conditions: classic (C), controlled pressure duration (CPD), subject-specific position (SSP), and mixed (M = CPD + SSP). RESULTS For intrarater reliability, the CPD condition showed the highest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs; mean and 95% confidence interval [CI]) for hip IRROM (0.83; 95% CI, 0.53-0.94) and FADIRROM (0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.89). The SSP condition showed the highest ICCs for FABERheight (0.71; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87) and FABERROM (0.62; 95% CI, 0.27-0.83). Concerning interrater reliability, the classic condition presented the highest ICCs for FABER variables (height: 0.54; 95% CI, 0.28-0.76; ROM: 0.58; 95% CI, 0.32-0.79) and hip IR ROM (0.72; 95% CI, 0.51-0.87). The CPD condition showed the highest ICC for FADIRROM (0.57; 95% CI, 0.32-0.78). CONCLUSION In the conditions of this study, CPD showed the highest ICCs for hip IRROM and FADIRROM, and SSP showed the highest ICCs for FABERheight and FABERROM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karine Boivin
- Human Kinetics Department, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naomi Fontaine
- Human Kinetics Department, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nour Saadé
- Human Kinetics Department, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Sobczak
- Anatomy Department, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Enache T, Yoshida Y, Johnson VS. Proposed Criteria for Assessment of Student Learning when Introducing New Manual Skills into the Entry-Level Physical Therapist Education Program. HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hpe.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
19
|
Beddows TP, van Klij P, Agricola R, Tak IJ, Piscaer T, Verhaar JA, Weir A. Normal values for hip muscle strength and range of motion in elite, sub-elite and amateur male field hockey players. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 46:169-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
20
|
Reliability and Validity of a Novel Wearable Device for Measuring Elbow Strength. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123412. [PMID: 32560409 PMCID: PMC7349842 DOI: 10.3390/s20123412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Muscle strength is an important clinical outcome in rehabilitation and sport medicine, but options are limited to expensive but accurate isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) or inexpensive but less accurate hand-held dynamometers (HHD). A wearable, self-stabilizing, limb strength measurement device (LSMD) was developed to fill the current gap in portable strength measurement devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LSMD in healthy adults. Twenty healthy adults were recruited to attend two strength testing sessions where elbow flexor and extensor strength was measured with the LSMD, with HHD and with IKD in random order, by two raters. Outcomes were intra-rater repeatability, inter-rater reproducibility and inter-session reproducibility using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Limits of agreement and weighted least products regression were used to test the validity of the LSMD relative to the criterion standard (IKD), and calibration formulas derived to improve measurement fidelity. ICC values for the LSMD were >0.90 for all measures of reliability and for both muscle groups, but over-predicted extensor strength and under-predicted flexor strength. Validity was established by transforming the data with the criterion standard-based calibration. These data indicate that the LSMD is reliable and conditionally valid for quantifying strength of elbow flexors and extensors in a healthy adult population.
Collapse
|
21
|
Physical outcome measures: The role of strength and range of motion in orthopaedic research. Injury 2020; 51 Suppl 2:S106-S110. [PMID: 31761425 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Outcome measures are the indispensable mean through which different interventions are compared in research. The increase in volume that orthopaedic research has experienced in the last years has provided an extensive list of outcomes to choose from. Historically, attention has been focused mainly in morbidity as well as physician reported clinical outcomes, however there is a trend towards the use of patient reported outcomes. We intent to review the inherent characteristics and current applicability of two of the most representative physical outcome measures used in orthopaedics: Range of Motion (ROM) and Strength.
Collapse
|
22
|
Effect of chronic stretching interventions on the mechanical properties of muscles in patients with stroke: A systematic review. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 63:222-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
23
|
Ahn SY, Ko H, Yoon JO, Cho SU, Park JH, Cho KH. Determining the Reliability of a New Method for Measuring Joint Range of Motion Through a Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Rehabil Med 2020; 43:707-719. [PMID: 31918533 PMCID: PMC6960083 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2019.43.6.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the reliability and validity of the Korean range of motion standard protocol (KRSP) for measuring joint range of motion (ROM) with those of the conventional ROM measurement using a goniometer. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 91 healthy elderly individuals. We compared two strategies of measuring joint ROM to evaluate the reliability and validity of each standardized protocol: first, the KRSP based on the Chungnam National University guidelines and second, handheld goniometric measurement. In the first strategy, 3 examiners (1 rehabilitation doctor, 1 physical therapist, and 1 physical therapy student) independently measured joint ROM in 46 randomly selected subjects; in the second strategy, another 3 examiners (1 rehabilitation doctor, 1 physical therapist, and 1 physical therapy student) measured joint ROM in 45 randomly selected subjects. The reliability of each protocol was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC(2,1), and root mean square error (RMSE). Results Both protocols showed good to excellent intra-rater reliability. With goniometer use, the inter-rater reliability was low—ICC(2,1), 95% confidence interval ranged from 0.643 (0.486–0.783) to -0.078 (-0.296–0.494)— and RMSE was high. With the KRSP, the inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.846 (0.686–0.931) to 0.986 (0.972–0.994) and RMSE was low. Conclusion ROM measurements using the KRSP showed excellent reliability. These results indicate that this protocol can be the reference standard for measuring ROM in clinical settings as an alternative to goniometers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Ahn
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hanbit Ko
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong Oh Yoon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun Ung Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Park
- Biomedical Engineering Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kang Hee Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Biomedical Engineering Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oosterwijk AM, Disseldorp LM, van der Schans CP, Mouton LJ, Nieuwenhuis MK. Joint flexibility problems and the impact of its operationalisation. Burns 2019; 45:1819-1826. [PMID: 31679794 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dissatisfaction is being voiced with the generally used way joint flexibility problems are defined (operationalised), i.e. as a range of motion (ROM) one or more degrees lower than normative ROM of healthy subjects. Other, specifically more function-related operationalisations have been proposed. The current study evaluated the effect of applying different operationalisations of joint flexibility problems on its prevalence. METHOD ROM data of 95 joints affected by burns of 23 children were used, and data on 18 functional activities (Burn Outcome Questionnaire (BOQ)). Five methods were used to operationalise joint flexibility problems: (1) ROM below normative ROM, (2) ROM below normative ROM minus 1SD, (3) ROM below normative ROM minus 2SD, (4) ROM below functional ROM, and (5) a score of 2 or more on the Likert Scale (BOQ). RESULTS Prevalence of joint flexibility problems on a group level ranged from 13 to 100% depending on the operationalisation used. Per joint and movement direction, prevalence ranged from 40% to 100% (Method 1) and 0% to 80% (Methods 2-4). 18% of the children received '2' on the Likert Scale (Method 5). CONCLUSION The operationalisation of joint flexibility problems substantially influences prevalence, both on group and joint level. Changing to a function-related operationalisation seems valuable; however, international consensus is required regarding its adoption. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered in the National Academic Research and Collaborations Information System of the Netherlands (OND1348800).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Oosterwijk
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Research group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Het Wiebenga, Petrus Driessenstraat 3, 9714 CA Groningen, The Netherlands; Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Burn Centre Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - L M Disseldorp
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Research group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Het Wiebenga, Petrus Driessenstraat 3, 9714 CA Groningen, The Netherlands; Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Burn Centre Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Psychology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - C P van der Schans
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Research group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Het Wiebenga, Petrus Driessenstraat 3, 9714 CA Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Psychology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - L J Mouton
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - M K Nieuwenhuis
- Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Burn Centre Martini Hospital, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728 NT Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anderson AR, Hensley CP. Manual therapy for work-related wrist pain in a manual physical therapist. Physiother Theory Pract 2019; 37:1244-1251. [PMID: 31668119 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1686671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The wrist is a common site for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among physical therapists (PTs), often due to manual therapy. There are limited data on management of wrist injury in PTs. The purpose of this case is to describe the management of a PT with wrist pain.Case Description: The patient was a 28-year-old female with a 6-month history of right ulnar-sided wrist pain, aggravated by performing thoracic/lumbar posterior to anterior (PA) glides. The patient reported 7/10 on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale and 6.5/10 on the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS). Symptoms were reproduced at the lunotriquetral joint.Outcomes: The patient was seen for two visits. Following anterior to posterior non-thrust mobilization at the triquetrum on lunate, the patient improved inability to perform thoracic/lumbar PA glides. The patient was educated on manual therapy modifications, isometrics, and self-mobilization. At 2-month follow-up, the patient reported 0/10 pain, scored 10/10 on the PSFS, and +7 on the Global Rating of Change.Discussion: This case demonstrates the successful use of education, manual therapy, and exercise in the management of a PT with a wrist-related WMSD. Future research should focus on the prevention/treatment of wrist-related WMSDs in PTs who perform manual therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Anderson
- Physical Therapy Department, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Craig P Hensley
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alkhawajah HA, Alshami AM. The effect of mobilization with movement on pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:452. [PMID: 31627723 PMCID: PMC6800493 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared to other procedures. Sham procedures are generally more appropriate control than using no or usual treatments. Moreover, studies investigating the widespread hypoalgesic effects of MWM in patients with knee OA are lacking. The aim was to investigate the effect of MWM on function and pain in patients with knee OA compared to sham MWM. METHODS This is a randomized double-blind (patients and assessor) controlled trial. Forty adult patients with knee OA of grade II and above were recruited to receive either MWM treatment or sham MWM for the knee. The outcome measures included the following: a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the pressure pain threshold (PPT) test, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index, the timed up and go (TUG) test, knee strength and knee range of motion (ROM). The measurements were taken at baseline, immediately after intervention and 2 days later. RESULTS Compared with sham MWM, MWM resulted in greater immediate improvement in pain [mean difference (95% CI): - 2.2 (- 2.8, - 1.6)], PPT at both the knee [176 (97, 254)] and shoulder [212 (136, 288)], TUG time [- 1.6 (- 2.1, - 1.1)], knee flexor strength [2.0 (1.3, 2.7)] and extensor strength [5.7 (4.1, 7.2)] and knee flexion ROM [12.8 (9.6, 15.9)] (all, p < 0.001) but not knee extension ROM [- 0.8 (- 1.6, 0.1)] (p = 0.067). After 2 days of intervention, patients who received MWM also demonstrated a greater improvement in pain [- 1.0 (- 1.8, - 0.1)], PPT at the shoulder [107 (40, 175)], TUG time [- 0.9 (- 1.4, - 0.4)], knee flexor strength [0.9 (0.2, 1.7)] and extensor strength [2.9 (2.1, 3.9)] and knee flexion ROM [8.3 (4.7, 11.9)] (all, p ≤ 0.026). However, WOMAC scores and knee extension ROM showed no evidence of change at any stage after intervention (p ≥ 0.067). CONCLUSIONS MWM provided superior benefits over sham MWM in terms of local and widespread pain, physical function (walking), knee flexion and extension muscle strength and knee flexion ROM for at least 2 days in patients with knee OA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT02865252 ), registered on August 12, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hani A Alkhawajah
- Department of Physiotherapy, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box 40244, Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali M Alshami
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2435, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gait as predictor of physical function in axial spondyloarthritis: the prospective longitudinal FOLOMI (Function, Locomotion, Measurement, Inflammation) study protocol. Rheumatol Int 2019; 39:1681-1688. [PMID: 31392500 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease affecting predominantly sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. axSpA progression being irregular and hardly predictable, identifying functional decline is particularly important in patient with axSpA to allow delivery of timely and targeted interventions. Pain, reduced range of motion or altered posture can have adverse consequences on gait. Although gait has previously been used as a sensitive measure of physical outcomes in elderly and pathological populations, to the best of our knowledge, no study has used gait as a predictor of physical function in patients with axSpA. The objective of our study is hence to determine if gait parameters measured in patients with axSpA could predict the evaluation at 18 months of physical function as assessed by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). This is a prospective and longitudinal study. Sixty patients with axSpA and 30 healthy age- and sex-matched controls will be included. Patients should be aged 18-65 years at time of their first evaluation, followed at Grenoble Alpes University Hospital for axSpA or ankylosing spondylitis, able to walk 180 m without technical help and with stable treatment for at least 12 months. Clinical characteristics, BASFI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), clinical and laboratory measurements of gait will be assessed during four visits (at baseline and at months 6, 12, and 18). Similar assessments will be performed once for the healthy control group. A linear mixed model at 6, 12 and 18 months will be constructed to answer to the first objective, with the BASFI as dependent variable and gait parameters as explanatory variables. The data collection started in August 2018 and will be completed with the inclusion and follow-up of all the participants. We believe that the combination of clinical and laboratory measurements of gait in patients with axSpA could strengthen the capacity to monitor disease's evolution and to predict changes in patients' physical function. Results of the present study could ultimately allow delivering targeted, timely, personalized interventions and treatment in patients with axSpA.Trial registration: The study was approved by local ethic committee (CPP Ile De France 1, RCB: 2017-A03468-45, date of agreement: July 17th, last version: V4.0, 2018, March 5th, 2019) and is retrospectively registered in Clinical trials (NCT03761212).
Collapse
|
28
|
Awatani T, Enoki T, Morikita I. Inter-rater reliability and validity of angle measurements using smartphone applications for weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion range of motion measurements. Phys Ther Sport 2018; 34:113-120. [PMID: 30267968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the inter-rater reliability, validity, and error of angle measurements for ankle dorsiflexion range of motion while in the weight-bearing position using a smartphone application. DESIGN Reliability and validity study. SETTING Measurement positions were performed by one experienced examiner. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen volunteers participated in the study. Three examiners (examiner 1 and examiner 2 had completed the course to become qualified certified athletic trainers and examiner 3 did not belong to the course) performed smartphone application measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was measured in the lunge position. Radiographic measurements were performed using a bony landmark. The markerless method for application measurements was used, using a body part as a landmark. RESULTS Using the markerless method for application measurements, the intra-class correlation coefficients were 0.945. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficients to compare the radiographic measurements and markerless method for application measurements, three examiners showed very high correlation (r > 0.9) and almost perfect (>0.81) intra-class correlation coefficient. Error values were less than 5° according to examiner 1 and examiner 2. CONCLUSION Smartphone application measurements using the markerless method of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion exhibited inter-rater reliability and high validity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Awatani
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kyushu Kyoritsu University, 1-8 Jiyuugaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8585, Japan; Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, 1-1 Asashirodai, Kumatori-cho, Sennann-gunn, Osaka, 590-0496, Japan.
| | - Taisuke Enoki
- Faculty of Education, Osaka Kyoiku University, 4-698-1 Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka, 582-8582 Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Morikita
- Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, 1-1 Asashirodai, Kumatori-cho, Sennann-gunn, Osaka, 590-0496, Japan; Faculty of Physical Education, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, 1-1 Asashirodai, Kumatori-cho, Sennann-gunn, Osaka, 590-0496, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Risk Factors for Groin Injury and Groin Symptoms in Elite-Level Soccer Players: A Cohort Study in the Dutch Professional Leagues. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018; 48:704-712. [PMID: 29792105 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2018.7990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Groin injury and groin symptoms are common in soccer players. The relationship of groin injury and groin symptoms to reduced hip range of motion (ROM) and previous injury is unclear. Objectives To conduct a retrospective assessment of associations between previous injury and preseason hip ROM and preseason prevalence of severe groin symptoms, and to prospectively identify risk factors for within-season groin injury. Methods During the period of 2015 to 2016, 190 players from 9 Dutch professional soccer clubs participated in this cohort study with prospective and retrospective elements. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to predict preseason severe groin symptoms, identified using the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score, from a history of previous groin injury, general injury (minimum of 1 week in duration) in the previous season, and hip ROM. Cox regression was used to predict within-season groin injury. Results Point prevalence of severe groin symptoms was 24% and within-season incidence of groin injury was 11%. Total, training, and match groin injury incidences were 0.5, 0.2, and 2.6 injuries per 1000 playing hours, respectively. A history of more than 1 previous groin injury was associated with current severe groin symptoms (odds ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 8.3; P = .038). General injury sustained in the previous season (ankle, knee, thigh, shoulder; median, 9 weeks of time loss) was a risk factor for groin injury (hazard ratio = 5.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.8, 14.6; P = .003). Conclusion Severe injuries in the previous season to locations other than the groin increase the risk of groin injury the next season. A history of groin injury is associated with current severe groin symptoms. Preseason hip ROM does not identify players at risk for groin injury. Level of Evidence Prevention, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(9):704-712. Epub 23 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7990.
Collapse
|
30
|
Oostendorp RAB. Credibility of manual therapy is at stake 'Where do we go from here?'. J Man Manip Ther 2018; 26:189-192. [PMID: 30083042 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2018.1472948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rob A B Oostendorp
- Emeritus Professor, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Emeritus Professor, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Establishing the reliability of a novel battery of range of motion tests to enable evidence-based classification in Para Swimming. Phys Ther Sport 2018; 32:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
32
|
Freitas NRBD, Pereira ND, Pessoa MS, Galvão F, Saad STO, Zanoni CT. Translation, and interobserver and test-retest reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Scale for patients with sickle cell disease. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2018; 40:226-232. [PMID: 31787155 PMCID: PMC6738485 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Scale is a disease-specific tool for the clinical and functional assessment of the hip in sickle cell disease. OBJECTIVES To translate the tool into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate the interobserver and test-retest reliability. METHODS Eighteen patients diagnosed with sickle cell disease and a mean age of 49±11.9 years participated in the study. The scale was applied by two evaluators who did not speak to each other regarding their understanding of the tool and who had no prior training. Interobserver and test-retest reliability of individual items and of the total score were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS When the overall score for each hip was considered, the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient score for the right hip was 0.95 (0.89-0.98) and for the left hip it was 0.96 (0.91-0.98). Considering all assignments (total score), the score was 0.96 (0.90-0.98). The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient varied from 0.76 to 1 for 18 of the 27 items (excellent) and from 0.53 to 0.75 for nine items (moderate). When the overall score for each hip was considered, the interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient for both hips was 0.94 (0.86-0.98). Considering all assignments, the total score was 0.94 (0.86-0.98). The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient varied from 0.48 to 0.75 for 18 out of 27 items (moderate) and varied from 0.77 to 1 for the remaining nine items (excellent). CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that the Brazilian version of the Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Scale presented adequate interobserver and test-retest reliability and that the version can be used to evaluate clinical function in sickle cell disease patients, producing consistent, standardized and reproducible results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fábio Galvão
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Awatani T, Enoki T, Morikita I. Reliability and validity of angle measurements using radiograph and smartphone applications: experimental research on protractor. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1869-1873. [PMID: 29184309 PMCID: PMC5684030 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The present study aimed to demonstrate the following by using measurements for the definite angles provided by the digital protractor: inter-rater reliability and validity in radiograph measurements and smartphone application measurements. [Subjects and Methods] The subject angles were 26 angles between 15° and 180° that were selected randomly using a computer. Three examiners measured the angles using the radiograph and smartphone application. The radiograph was obtained at a position 250 cm from the chest shooting cassette holder. The smartphone photograph was obtained at positions 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 cm from the holder. [Results] Under all conditions, intra-class correlation coefficients showed 0.999. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 for all conditions. The mean absolute difference to the protractor was ≤0.28° for all conditions. [Conclusion] In comparison with the protractor, radiograph measurements and smartphone application measurements, the results of the present study showed high inter-rater reliability, validity, and small error. The results indicated that radiograph and smartphone application measurements could be used as criteria of validity in angle measurements. It supported the legitimacy of high-quality previous studies that used radiograph measurements as a criterion for validity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Awatani
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kyushu Kyoritsu University: 1-8 Jiyuugaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8585, Japan.,Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Japan
| | - Taisuke Enoki
- Faculty of Education, Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Morikita
- Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Japan.,Faculty of Physical Education, Osaka University of Health and Sport Science, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Attias M, Bonnefoy-Mazure A, De Coulon G, Cheze L, Armand S. Influence of different degrees of bilateral emulated contractures at the triceps surae on gait kinematics: The difference between gastrocnemius and soleus. Gait Posture 2017; 58:176-182. [PMID: 28797961 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ankle plantarflexion contracture results from a permanent shortening of the muscle-tendon complex. It often leads to gait alterations. The objective of this study was to compare the kinematic adaptations of different degrees of contractures and between isolated bilateral gastrocnemius and soleus emulated contractures using an exoskeleton. METHODS Eight combinations of contractures were emulated bilaterally on 10 asymptomatic participants using an exoskeleton that was able to emulate different degrees of contracture of gastrocnemius (biarticular muscle) and soleus (monoarticular muscle), corresponding at 0°, 10°, 20°, and 30° ankle plantarflexion contracture (knee-flexed and knee-extended). Range of motion was limited by ropes attached for soleus on heel and below the knee and for gastrocnemius on heel and above the knee. A gait analysis session was performed to evaluate the effect of these different emulated contractures on the Gait Profile Score, walking speed and gait kinematics. RESULTS Gastrocnemius and soleus contractures influence gait kinematics, with an increase of the Gait Profile Score. Significant differences were found in the kinematics of the ankles, knees and hips. Contractures of soleus cause a more important decrease in the range of motion at the ankle than the same degree of gastrocnemius contractures. Gastrocnemius contractures cause greater knee flexion (during the stance phase) and hip flexion (during all the gait cycle) than the same level of soleus contractures. CONCLUSION These results can support the interpretation of the Clinical Gait Analysis data by providing a better understanding of the effect of isolate contracture of soleus and gastrocnemius on gait kinematics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Attias
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Switzerland; HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland; Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, F69622, Lyon, France.
| | - A Bonnefoy-Mazure
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Switzerland
| | - G De Coulon
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Service, Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L Cheze
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, F69622, Lyon, France
| | - S Armand
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ploeger HE, Bus SA, Nollet F, Brehm MA. Gait patterns in association with underlying impairments in polio survivors with calf muscle weakness. Gait Posture 2017; 58:146-153. [PMID: 28779720 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to identify gait patterns in polio survivors with calf muscle weakness and associate them to underlying lower extremity impairments, which are expected to help in the search for an optimal orthosis. Unilaterally affected patients underwent barefoot 3D-gait analyses. Gait pattern clusters were created based on the ankle and knee angle and ankle moment shown in midstance of the affected limb. Impairment clusters were created based on plantarflexor and knee-extensor strength, and ankle and knee joint range-of-motion. The association between gait patterns and underlying impairments were examined descriptively. The Random Forest Algorithm and regression analyses were used to predict gait patterns and parameters. Seven gait patterns in 73 polio survivors were identified, with two dominant patterns: one with a mildly/non-deviant ankle angle, ankle moment and knee angle (n=23), and one with a strongly deviant ankle angle and a mildly/non-deviant ankle moment and knee angle (n=18). Gait pattern prediction from underlying impairments was 49% accurate with best prediction performance for the second dominant gait pattern (sensitivity 78% and positive predictive value 74%). The underlying impairments explained between 20 and 32% of the variance in individual gait parameters. Polio survivors with calf muscle weakness who present a similar impairment profile do not necessarily walk the same. From physical examination alone, the gait pattern nor the individual gait parameters could be accurately predicted. The patient's gait should therefore be measured to help in the prescription and evaluation of orthoses for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilde E Ploeger
- Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sicco A Bus
- Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Nollet
- Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merel-Anne Brehm
- Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Geisbüsch A, Auer C, Dickhaus H, Niklasch M, Dreher T. Electromagnetic bone segment tracking to control femoral derotation osteotomy-A saw bone study. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1106-1112. [PMID: 27325569 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Correction of rotational gait abnormalities is common practice in pediatric orthopaedics such as in children with cerebral palsy. Femoral derotation osteotomy is established as a standard treatment, however, different authors reported substantial variability in outcomes following surgery with patients showing over- or under-correction. Only 60% of the applied correction is observed postoperatively, which strongly suggests intraoperative measurement error or loss of correction during surgery. This study was conducted to verify the impact of error sources in the derotation procedure and assess the utility of a newly developed, instrumented measurement system based on electromagnetic tracking aiming to improve the accuracy of rotational correction. A supracondylar derotation osteotomy was performed in 21 artificial femur sawbones and the amount of derotation was quantified during the procedure by the tracking system and by nine raters using a conventional goniometer. Accuracy of both measurement devices was determined by repeated computer tomography scans. Average derotation measured by the tracking system differed by 0.1° ± 1.6° from the defined reference measurement . In contrast, a high inter-rater variability was found in goniometric measurements (range: 10.8° ± 6.9°, mean interquartile distance: 6.6°). During fixation of the osteosynthesis, the tracking system reliably detected unintentional manipulation of the correction angle with a mean absolute change of 4.0° ± 3.2°. Our findings show that conventional control of femoral derotation is subject to relevant observer bias whereas instrumental tracking yields accuracy better than ±2°. The tracking system is a step towards more reliable and safe implementation of femoral correction, promising substantial improvements of patient safety in the future. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1106-1112, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geisbüsch
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, Heidelberg 69117, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Auer
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, Heidelberg 69117, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Dickhaus
- Department of Medical Biometrics and Computer Sciences, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69117, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Niklasch
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, Heidelberg 69117, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dreher
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, Heidelberg 69117, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lopes OV, Tragnago G, Gatelli C, Costa RN, de Freitas Spinelli L, Saggin PRF, Kuhn A. Assessment of the alpha angle and mobility of the hip in patients with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 41:1601-1605. [PMID: 28429045 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the alpha angle of the hip in patients with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and compare it with patients without injury. In addition, external and internal rotation of the hip was assessed and correlated with the alpha angle. METHODS The alpha angle of the ipsilateral hip was assessed in 41 subjects with non-contact ACL tear and compared with 39 subjects with no tear. The external and internal rotation of the ipsilateral hip was also evaluated. RESULTS The alpha angle was larger in subjects with noncontact ACL injury. The mean was 70.31° (±13.92°) compared with 58.55° (±13.95°) in the control group (p < 0.001). The groups were similar when considering the external, internal, and sum of rotation of the ipsilateral hip. There was no correlation between the alpha angle and decreased rotational range of motion of the hip in either group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with noncontact ACL injury presented a greater alpha angle when compared with the group without tear. There was no difference in the rotational mobility of the hip between groups, nor was there a correlation between the increase in the alpha angle and the decrease in the rotational mobility of the hip.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osmar Valadao Lopes
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Tragnago
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Gatelli
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| | - Rogério Nascimento Costa
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Freitas Spinelli
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| | - Paulo Renato Fernandes Saggin
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| | - André Kuhn
- Department of Knee Surgery, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, 2050 Uruguai, 4th floor, Passo Fundo, RS, 99010-112, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tak I, Engelaar L, Gouttebarge V, Barendrecht M, Van den Heuvel S, Kerkhoffs G, Langhout R, Stubbe J, Weir A. Is lower hip range of motion a risk factor for groin pain in athletes? A systematic review with clinical applications. Br J Sports Med 2017; 51:1611-1621. [PMID: 28432076 PMCID: PMC5754850 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether hip range of motion (ROM) is a risk factor for groin pain in athletes is not known. OBJECTIVES To systematically review the relationship between hip ROM and groin pain in athletes in cross-sectional/case-control and prospective studies. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review, prospectively registered (PROSPERO) according to PRISMA guidelines. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched up to December 2015. Two authors performed study selection, data extraction/analysis, quality assessment (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) and strength of evidence synthesis. RESULTS We identified seven prospective and four case-control studies. The total quality score ranged from 29% to 92%. Heterogeneity in groin pain classification, injury definitions and physical assessment precluded data pooling. There was strong evidence that total rotation of both hips below 85° measured at the pre-season screening was a risk factor for groin pain development. Strong evidence suggested that internal rotation, abduction and extension were not associated with the risk or presence of groin pain. CONCLUSION Total hip ROM is the factor most consistently related to groin pain in athletes. Screening for hip ROM is unlikely to correctly identify an athlete at risk of developing groin pain because of the small ROM differences found and poor ROM measurement properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tak
- Manual Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Utrecht Oost, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence based Sports Medicine (ACES), AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maarten Barendrecht
- Dutch Center for Allied Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.,Master Physical Therapy in Sports, Avans+ Improving Professionals, Breda, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gino Kerkhoffs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Langhout
- Manual Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Dukenburg Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Stubbe
- School of Sports & Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Codarts University of the arts, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adam Weir
- Department of Sports Medicine, Aspetar hospital, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A new clinical test for measurement of lower limb specific range of motion in football players: Design, reliability and reference findings in non-injured players and those with long-standing adductor-related groin pain. Phys Ther Sport 2017; 23:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
40
|
Lopes OV, Gomes JLE, de Freitas Spinelli L. Range of motion and radiographic analysis of the hip in patients with contact and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016; 24:2868-2873. [PMID: 25677502 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the range of motion (ROM) and radiography of the hip joints in male patients with contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and non-contact ACL injury. METHODS ROM of the ipsilateral hip was evaluated in 35 male patients with contact ACL injury (contact group) and compared to that of 45 male patients with a non-contact ACL injury (non-contact group). Radiographic evaluation of hip joints was also performed to assess the presence of cam and pincer-type deformity . RESULTS ROM of the hip joint was statistically higher in patients with contact ACL injury. The average sum of hip rotation in the non-contact group was 66.1 ± 8.4° compared to 79.4 ± 10.6° for the contact group (p < 0.001). Seventy-seven per cent of patients in the non-contact group had a sum of hip rotation <70° and 93 % had <80°, compared to17.1 and 42.9 % in the contact group (p < 0.001). Prevalence of cam or pincer deformity was similar in the groups. Cam or pincer deformity was not more frequent in patients with limited ROM of the hip. CONCLUSION Individuals with contact ACL injury had greater ROM of the hip joints than those with non-contact ACL injury. The presence of cam or pincer deformity was similar in both groups and was not related to decreased ROM of the hip joints. These findings may assist the surgeons to identify new risk factors for non-contact ACL injury and, additionally, develop prevention program of injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osmar Valadão Lopes
- Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Maggioni S, Melendez-Calderon A, van Asseldonk E, Klamroth-Marganska V, Lünenburger L, Riener R, van der Kooij H. Robot-aided assessment of lower extremity functions: a review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2016; 13:72. [PMID: 27485106 PMCID: PMC4969661 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-016-0180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of sensorimotor functions is extremely important to understand the health status of a patient and its change over time. Assessments are necessary to plan and adjust the therapy in order to maximize the chances of individual recovery. Nowadays, however, assessments are seldom used in clinical practice due to administrative constraints or to inadequate validity, reliability and responsiveness. In clinical trials, more sensitive and reliable measurement scales could unmask changes in physiological variables that would not be visible with existing clinical scores.In the last decades robotic devices have become available for neurorehabilitation training in clinical centers. Besides training, robotic devices can overcome some of the limitations in traditional clinical assessments by providing more objective, sensitive, reliable and time-efficient measurements. However, it is necessary to understand the clinical needs to be able to develop novel robot-aided assessment methods that can be integrated in clinical practice.This paper aims at providing researchers and developers in the field of robotic neurorehabilitation with a comprehensive review of assessment methods for the lower extremities. Among the ICF domains, we included those related to lower extremities sensorimotor functions and walking; for each chapter we present and discuss existing assessments used in routine clinical practice and contrast those to state-of-the-art instrumented and robot-aided technologies. Based on the shortcomings of current assessments, on the identified clinical needs and on the opportunities offered by robotic devices, we propose future directions for research in rehabilitation robotics. The review and recommendations provided in this paper aim to guide the design of the next generation of robot-aided functional assessments, their validation and their translation to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Maggioni
- Sensory-Motor Systems (SMS) Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Hocoma AG, Volketswil, Switzerland.
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Alejandro Melendez-Calderon
- Hocoma AG, Volketswil, Switzerland
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Edwin van Asseldonk
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Verena Klamroth-Marganska
- Sensory-Motor Systems (SMS) Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Robert Riener
- Sensory-Motor Systems (SMS) Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Herman van der Kooij
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rossettini G, Rondoni A, Lovato T, Strobe M, Verzè E, Vicentini M, Testa M. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of 3D passive intervertebral motion in subjects with nonspecific neck pain assessed by physical therapy students: A pilot study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2016; 30:BMR718. [PMID: 27284851 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-160718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Passive Intervertebral Movements (PIVMs) are commonly used to assess and treat patients with nonspecific neck pain. Only very few studies have investigated 3D movements until now. OBJECTIVE This study assessed intra- and inter-rater reliability of three-dimensional (3D) cervical PIVMs performed by physical therapy students in patients with nonspecific neck pain. METHODS Thirty-one patients, mean age 47.2 ± 7.2 years, were independently evaluated by 2 physical therapy students. The raters (A and B) assessed mobility, end-feel and pain provocation performing bilaterally the 3D cervical segmental side-bending test (3D CSSB) from levels C2-C3 to C6-C7. Percentage agreement (raw, positive and negative), Cohen's kappa (95% CI), prevalence index and bias index were calculated to estimate intra- and inter-reliability. RESULTS Intra-rater reliability showed kappa values ranging between fair and substantial (k 0.29-0.80) for pain provocation, mobility and end-feel, with percentage agreements between 61%-90%. Inter-rater reliability presented kappa values ranging between fair and substantial (k 0.22-0.62) for pain provocation, mobility and end-feel, with percentage agreements between 61% and 80%. CONCLUSIONS Intra-rater reliability of 3D PIVMs was superior to inter-rater reliability in patients with nonspecific neck pain. The most repeatable evaluation parameter was pain. However overall poor reliability suggests avoiding the use of these techniques alone to examine patients and measure their outcome. Further studies are needed to investigate PIVMs reliability in combination with other assessment procedure in symptomatic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossettini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy
| | - Angie Rondoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy
| | | | - Marco Strobe
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Testa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Campus of Savona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Webb TR, Rajendran D. Myofascial techniques: What are their effects on joint range of motion and pain? - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 20:682-99. [PMID: 27634094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aimed to determine the evidence for the effect of a single manually applied myofascial technique (MFT) on joint range of motion (JROM) and pain in non-pathological symptomatic subjects. METHODS Authors independently searched the following databases: PEDro; Cochrane Library; NLM PubMed; EMBASE; Academic Search Premier; MEDLINE; Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection; PsycINFO; SPORTSDiscus; CINAHL Plus from 2003 to 2015. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that used JROM as an outcome measure were identified. RCT quality was independently evaluated using PEDro and Cochrane Risk of Bias tools and all reported outcome data were independently abstracted and presented. If post-intervention central tendencies and variance were reported, these were assessed for heterogeneity with a view to performing a meta-analysis. RESULTS Nine RCTs (n = 534) were systematically reviewed and outcome data presented; all trials concluded that MFT increased JROM and reduced pain levels in symptomatic patients. Two RCTs (n = 161) were judged 'moderately' heterogeneous (I(2) = 47.2%; Cochran's Q = 5.69; p = 0.128, df = 3) and meta-analysis using a fixed effects model suggested a 'moderate' effect size of MFTs on jaw opening (ES = 0.578; 95%CI 0.302 to 0.853). CONCLUSION Although results reported by each RCT indicate that MFT increases JROM and reduces pain scores, there are a number of threats that challenge the statistical inferences underpinning these findings. Only two trials could be meta-analysed, the results of which suggest that applying MFTs to symptomatic patients diagnosed with latent trigger-points in masseter muscle can increase jaw JROM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn R Webb
- Research Department, European School of Osteopathy, Boxley House, Boxley, Maidstone, Kent, ME14 3DZ, UK.
| | - Dévan Rajendran
- Research Department, European School of Osteopathy, Boxley House, Boxley, Maidstone, Kent, ME14 3DZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wakefield CB, Halls A, Difilippo N, Cottrell GT. Reliability of goniometric and trigonometric techniques for measuring hip-extension range of motion using the modified Thomas test. J Athl Train 2015; 50:460-6. [PMID: 25562458 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.2.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Goniometric assessment of hip-extension range of motion is a standard practice in clinical rehabilitation settings. A weakness of goniometric measures is that small errors in landmarking may result in substantial measurement error. A less commonly used protocol for measuring hip range of motion involves applying trigonometric principles to the length and vertical displacement of the upper part of the lower extremity to determine hip angle; however, the reliability of this measure has never been assessed using the modified Thomas test. OBJECTIVE To compare the intrarater and interrater reliability of goniometric (GON) and trigonometric (TRIG) techniques for assessing hip-extension range of motion during the modified Thomas test. DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. SETTING Institutional athletic therapy facility. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 22 individuals (12 men, 10 women; age range, 18-36 years) with no pathologic knee or back conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Hip-extension range of motion of each participant during a modified Thomas test was assessed by 2 examiners with both GON and TRIG techniques in a randomly selected order on 2 separate days. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) revealed that the reliability of the GON technique was low for both the intrarater (ICC = 0.51, 0.54) and interrater (ICC = 0.30, 0.65) comparisons, but the reliability of the TRIG technique was high for both intrarater (ICC = 0.90, 0.95) and interrater (ICC = 0.91, 0.94) comparisons. Single-factorial repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed no mean differences in scoring within or between examiners for either measurement protocol, whereas a difference was observed when comparing the TRIG and GON tests due to the differences in procedures used to identify landmarks. CONCLUSIONS Using the TRIG technique to measure hip-extension range of motion during the modified Thomas test results in superior intrarater and interrater reliability when compared with the GON technique.
Collapse
|
45
|
Schrama PPM, Stenneberg MS, Lucas C, van Trijffel E. Intraexaminer reliability of hand-held dynamometry in the upper extremity: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:2444-69. [PMID: 24909587 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize and appraise the literature on the intraexaminer reliability of hand-held dynamometry (HHD) in the upper extremity. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies published up to December 2011. In addition, experts were contacted, and journals and reference lists were hand searched. STUDY SELECTION To be included in the review, articles needed to (1) use a repeated-measures, within-examiner(s) design; (2) include symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals, or both; (3) use HHD to measure muscle strength in any of the joints of the shoulder, elbow, or wrist with the "make" or the "break" technique; (4) report measurements in kilogram, pound, or torque; (5) use a device that is placed between the examiner's hand and the subject's body; and (6) present estimates of intraexaminer reliability. DATA EXTRACTION Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by 2 reviewers independently. DATA SYNTHESIS Fifty-four studies were included, of which 26 (48%) demonstrated acceptable intraexaminer reliability. Seven high-quality studies showed acceptable reliability for flexion and extension of the elbow in healthy subjects. Conflicting results were found for shoulder external rotation and abduction. Reliability for all other movements was unacceptable. Higher estimates were reached for within-sessions reliability and if means of trials were used. CONCLUSIONS Intraexaminer reliability of HHD in upper extremity muscle strength was acceptable only for elbow measurements in healthy subjects. We provide specific recommendations for future research. Physical therapists should not rely on HHD measurements for evaluation of treatment effects in patients with upper extremity disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick P M Schrama
- private practice Leidsevaart, Haarlem, The Netherlands; Stichting Opleidingen Musculoskeletale Therapie, Institute for Master Education in Musculoskeletal Therapy, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn S Stenneberg
- Stichting Opleidingen Musculoskeletale Therapie, Institute for Master Education in Musculoskeletal Therapy, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Lucas
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel van Trijffel
- Stichting Opleidingen Musculoskeletale Therapie, Institute for Master Education in Musculoskeletal Therapy, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Siedziewski L, Schaaf RC, Mount J. Use of robotics in spinal cord injury: a case report. Am J Occup Ther 2013; 66:51-8. [PMID: 22389939 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2012.000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the use of robotics to treat upper-extremity (UE) dysfunction in tetraplegic patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHOD a 51-yr-old man with incomplete SCI participated in an occupational therapy program that combined traditional occupational therapy with Reo Go®, a comprehensive therapy platform that includes a robotic guide featuring a telescopic arm to enable high repetitions of functionally relevant UE exercises. RESULTS The participant demonstrated measurable improvements in active range of motion, muscle strength as measured through manual muscle testing, perceived right UE function, and self-care performance as measured by the FIM™. CONCLUSION The findings from this case are promising and demonstrate the Reo Go's utility in combination with traditional occupational therapy. However, more research and specific protocols that are easily reproducible with robots such as the Reo Go are needed to validate this evolving treatment area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Siedziewski
- Spinal Cord Injury Unit, Moss Rehab Hospital, 60 Township Road, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Junge T, Jespersen E, Wedderkopp N, Juul-Kristensen B. Inter-tester reproducibility and inter-method agreement of two variations of the Beighton test for determining Generalised Joint Hypermobility in primary school children. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:214. [PMID: 24358988 PMCID: PMC3878084 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of Generalised Joint Hypermobility (GJH) is usually based on the Beighton tests, which consist of a series of nine tests. Possible methodological shortcomings can arise, as the tests do not include detailed descriptions of performance, interpretation nor classification of GJH. The purpose of this study was, among children aged 7-8 and 10-12 years, to evaluate: 1) the inter-tester reproducibility of the tests and criteria for classification of GJH for 2 variations of the Beighton test battery (Methods A and B) with a variation in starting positions and benchmarks between methods, and 2) the inter-method agreement for the two batteries. METHODS A standardised three-phase protocol for clinical reproducibility studies was followed including a training phase, an overall agreement phase and a study phase. The number of participants in the three phases was 10, 70 and 39 respectively. For the inter-method study a total of 103 children participated. Two testers judged each test battery. A score of ≥ 5 was set as the cut-off level for GJH. Cohen's kappa statistics and McNemar's test were used to test for agreement and significant differences. RESULTS Kappa values for GJH (≥ 5) were 0.64 (Method A, prevalence 0.42) and 0.59 (Method B, prevalence 0.46), with no difference between testers in Method A (p = 0.45) and B (p = 0.29). Prevalence of GJH in the inter-method study was 31% (A) and 35% (B) with no difference between methods (p = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS Inter-tester reproducibility of Methods A and B was moderate to substantial, when following a standardised study protocol. Both test batteries can be used in the same children population, as there was no difference in prevalence of GJH at cut point 5, when applying method A and B. However, both methods need to be tested for their predictive validity at higher cut-off levels, e.g. ≥ 6 and ≥ 7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Junge
- Institute of Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Offenbächer M, Sauer S, Rieß J, Müller M, Grill E, Daubner A, Randzio O, Kohls N, Herold-Majumdar A. Contractures with special reference in elderly: definition and risk factors – a systematic review with practical implications. Disabil Rehabil 2013; 36:529-38. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2013.800596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
49
|
Reiman MP, Manske RC. The assessment of function. Part II: clinical perspective of a javelin thrower with low back and groin pain. J Man Manip Ther 2013; 20:83-9. [PMID: 23633887 DOI: 10.1179/2042618611y.0000000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of an individual's functional ability can be complex. This assessment should also be individualized and adaptable to changes in functional status. In the first article of this series, we operationally defined function, discussed the construct of function, examined the evidence as it relates to assessment methods of various aspects of function, and explored the multi-dimensional nature of the concept of function. In this case report, we aim to demonstrate the utilization of a multi-dimensional assessment method (functional performance testing) as it relates to a high-level athlete presenting with pain in the low back and groin. It is our intent to demonstrate how the clinician should continually adapt their assessment dependent on the current functional abilities of the patients.
Collapse
|
50
|
Dobson F, Choi YM, Hall M, Hinman RS. Clinimetric properties of observer-assessed impairment tests used to evaluate hip and groin impairments: A systematic review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012; 64:1565-75. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|