Simultaneous determination of the concentrations of isoproterenol, uric acid, and folic acid in solution using a novel nanostructure- based electrochemical sensor

Nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors for detection of narrow therapeutic index drugs

For the first time, a comprehensive review is presented on the quantitative determination of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) by nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors. NTIDs have a narrow index between their effective doses and those at which they produce adverse toxic effects. Therefore, accurate determination of these drugs is very important for clinicians to provide a clear judgment about drug therapy for patients. Routine analytical techniques have limitations such as being expensive, laborious, and time-consuming, and need a skilled user and therefore  the nano/(bio)sensing technology leads to high interest.

Electrochemical sensors for β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline analysis in human urine and serum samples using manganese cobalt oxide-modified glassy carbon electrode

Schematic illustration for the synthesis of the MCO nanosphere and modification with GCE towards the electrochemical determination of isoprenaline.

New synthesis of poly ortho-methoxyaniline nanostructures and its application to construct modified multi-wall carbon nanotube/graphite paste electrode for simultaneous determination of uric acid and folic acid

Uric acid (UA) and folic acid (FA) are compounds of biomedical interest. In humans, about 70% of daily uric acid disposal occurs via the kidneys, and in 5–25% of humans, impaired renal (kidney) excretion leads to hyperuricemia. Folate is another form folic acid of which is known as, is one of the B vitamins. It is used as a supplement by women to prevent neural tube defects developing during pregnancy. Polyortho-methoxyaniline nanostructures (POMANS) was synthesized with a new two phase (organic-water) synthesis method. The POMANS was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform IR (FTIR). This polymer was used to construct a modified multi-wall carbon nanotube, graphite paste electrode (POMANS-MWCNT/GPE). Linear sweep voltammograms (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry were used to investigate the suitability of polyortho-methoxyaniline with multi-wall carbon nanotubes paste electrode as a modifier for the electrocatalytic oxidation of UA and FA in aqueous solutions with various pHs. The results showed that POMANS-MWCNT/GPE had high anodic peak currents for the electrooxidation of UA and FA in pH 6.0.Under the optimized conditions, The catalytic peak currents obtained, was linearly dependent on the UA and FA concentrations in the range of 0.6–52 and 0.5–68 μM with two segments and the detection limits 0.157 and 0.113 μM for UA and FA were, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was also examined as a sensitive, simple and inexpensive electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of UA and FA in real samples such as urine and serum.

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For the first time, POMANS was synthesized with a new method of two-phase organic & water.

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POMANS-MWCNT/GPE was used for simultaneous determination of UA and FA at optimum pH 6.0.

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Parameters n and α were also determined for UA and FA.

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Electrochemical simultaneous determination of UA and FA with modified electrode real samples.

Electrospun zinc oxide nanofibers for direct selective electrochemical detection of biological compounds

Zinc oxide nanofibers modified carbon paste electrode was used for direct selective electrochemical detection of AA, UA and FA.