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Zhao B, Liu X, Su J, Liu C, Feng Y, Shen T. Adsorption and Potential CO Gas-Sensing Performance of the Fe-Doped Ti 2CO 2-MXenes: A First-Principles Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39102742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The adsorption behaviors and electronic properties of five gas molecules (CO, H2O, NH3, NO, and C2H6O) on the intrinsic Ti2CO2 and Fe-doped Ti2CO2 were calculated and studied based on first principles. The adsorption height, bond length change, adsorption energy, charge transfer, band structure, differential charge, work function, and recovery time of the two gas adsorption systems were discussed, and their sensing performance was evaluated. The results show that the CO gas molecules have the best adsorption energy and charge transfer on Ti2CO2 modified by the Fe atom (Ti2CO2-Fe). The electrical conductivity obviously increases with the decrease of the band gap, which changes from semiconductor to conductor behavior. The reduction of the work function in the Ti2CO2-Fe system weakens the binding of the electron, which improves the electron flow between the substrate and the gas molecules. In addition, the Ti2CO2-Fe system with H2O molecule participation remained the best adsorption effect on CO gas, and the fast recovery time was 625 s at 398 K. Therefore, Ti2CO2-Fe is a prospective material for the advancement of CO gas-sensitive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- College of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - JiaHui Su
- College of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - Chi Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - Yue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Shen
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, P.R. China
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Kaleem Shabbir M, Arif F, Asghar H, Irum Memon S, Khanum U, Akhtar J, Ali A, Ramzan Z, Aziz A, Memon AA, Hussain Thebo K. Two-Dimensional MXene-Based Electrocatalysts: Challenges and Opportunities. CHEM REC 2024:e202400047. [PMID: 39042918 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
MXene, regarded as cutting-edge two-dimensional (2D) materials, have been widely explored in various applications due to their remarkable flexibility, high specific surface area, good mechanical strength, and interesting electrical conductivity. Recently, 2D MXene has served as a ideal platform for the design and development of electrocatalysts with high activity, selectivity, and stability. This review article provides a detailed description of the structural engineering of MXene-based electrocatalysts and summarizes the uses of 2D MXene in hydrogen evolution reactions, nitrogen reduction reactions, oxygen evolution reactions, oxygen reduction reactions, and methanol/ethanol oxidation. Then, key issues and prospects for 2D MXene as a next-generation platform in fundamental research and real-world electrocatalysis applications are discussed. Emphasis will be given to material design and enhancement techniques. Finally, future research directions are suggested to improve the efficiency of MXene-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kaleem Shabbir
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Kotli, AJK 11100, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Arif
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
- Government Graduate College for Women Jhelum, Jhelum, 49600, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Asghar
- Government Graduate College for Women Jhelum, Jhelum, 49600, Pakistan
| | - Sanam Irum Memon
- Department of Textile Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro
| | - Urooj Khanum
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Javeed Akhtar
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeeshan Ramzan
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Kotli, AJK 11100, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ali Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain Thebo
- Functional nanomaterials Lab (FNL), Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), -10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Wenhua Road, China
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Qi W, Song M, Wang M, Yu H. Designing M13 Bacteriophage and Fe-Nanonest Self-Assembly System for Universal and Facile Preparation of Metal Single Atoms as Stable Mimicking Enzymes. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25483-25495. [PMID: 38079359 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal single-atom catalysts (MSACs) possess multiple advantages in chemical synthesis; their efficient fabrication routes, however, remain a challenge to date. Here, an interdisciplinary design using M13 bacteriophage virus as a biotemplate to carry Fe nanoclusters, which we figuratively call "Fe-nanonests", is proposed to enable facile and versatile synthesis of MSACs. The feasibility and generality of this self-assembly method was demonstrated by the observation of six different metal single atoms (MSAs) including Ag, Pt, Pd, Zn, Cu, and Ni. With Pd as a representative, key factors dominating the fabrication were determined. The Pd single atoms exhibited excellent horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-like activity, which was further improved by 50% via genetic editing of the M13 pVIII protein terminals. Excellent stability was also observed in the quantification of acid phosphatase, a cancer predictor. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy has been applied to the analysis of Pd single atoms as well, and the Pd-N4 coordination explained the mechanism of high HRP-like catalytic activity. The MSAs synthesized by the M13 phage and Fe-nanonest self-assembly method show promising prospects in non-cold-chain medical detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingye Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Beijing Evolyzer Co., Ltd., Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Yan L, Su Z. A single transition metal atom anchored on Nb 2C as an electrocatalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17508-17515. [PMID: 37869771 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02491a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N2) reduction to produce ammonia (NH3) under milder conditions is attractive as NH3 has been widely used in various fields. The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is considered to be a more moderate and green method for ammonia synthesis. Herein, using density functional theory (DFT) computations, we investigated the potential application of single-atom catalysts (SACs) toward the NRR, in which transition metal (TM, TM = Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Y, Zr, Mo) atoms are supported on Nb2C (TM-Nb2C). Through our screening, Fe-Nb2C is highlighted from 8 candidate systems as the superior SAC for the NRR with a low limiting potential of -0.47 V. Meanwhile, a volcano plot between UL (NRR) and the ICOHP values of the N-H bond in *NH2 is established to determine the optimal ICOHP values that can be used as a simple descriptor of the NRR performance of Fe-Nb2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.
| | - Likai Yan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.
| | - Zhongmin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Inter-plane 2D/2D ultrathin La2Ti2O7/Ti3C2 MXene Schottky heterojunctions toward high-efficiency photocatalytic CO2 reduction. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Ghoshal S, Ghosh A, Roy P, Ball B, Pramanik A, Sarkar P. Recent Progress in Computational Design of Single-Atom/Cluster Catalysts for Electrochemical and Solar-Driven N 2 Fixation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghoshal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan731 235, India
| | - Atish Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan731 235, India
| | - Prodyut Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan731 235, India
| | - Biswajit Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan731 235, India
| | - Anup Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia723 104, India
| | - Pranab Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan731 235, India
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7
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Yang Z, Huang Z, Zhao S, Meng Y, Xie B, Ni Z, Xia S. Theoretical study on structural properties and mechanism of nitrogen reduction of monatomic Sc and Mo doped Li defect LiH. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Zhang L, Meng Y, Koso A, Yao Y, Tang H, Xia S. The mechanism of nitrogen reduction reaction on defective boron nitride (BN) monolayer doped with monatomic Co, Ni, and Mo–A first principles study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Chen Z, Liu C, Sun L, Wang T. Progress of Experimental and Computational Catalyst Design for Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310027, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310024, China
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10
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Zhu C, Liang JX, Wang YG, Li J. Non-noble metal single-atom catalyst with MXene support: Fe1/Ti2CO2 for CO oxidation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Gao Y, Zhang S, Sun X, Zhao W, Zhuo H, Zhuang G, Wang S, Yao Z, Deng S, Zhong X, Wei Z, Wang JG. Computational screening of O-functional MXenes for electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Fang QJ, Pan JK, Zhang W, Sun FL, Chen WX, Yu YF, Hu AF, Zhuang GL. Cooperatively interface role of surface atoms and aqueous media on single atom catalytic property for H2O2 synthesis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 617:752-763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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A Theoretical Study of Fe Adsorbed on Pure and Nonmetal (N, F, P, S, Cl)-Doped Ti 3C 2O 2 for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071081. [PMID: 35407199 PMCID: PMC9000748 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of using transition metal (TM)/MXene as a catalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) was studied by density functional theory, in which TM is an Fe atom, and MXene is pure Ti3C2O2 or Ti3C2O2−x doped with N/F/P/S/Cl. The adsorption energy and Gibbs free energy were calculated to describe the limiting potentials of N2 activation and reduction, respectively. N2 activation was spontaneous, and the reduction potential-limiting step may be the hydrogenation of N2 to *NNH and the desorption of *NH3 to NH3. The charge transfer of the adsorbed Fe atoms to N2 molecules weakened the interaction of N≡N, which indicates that Fe/MXene is a potential catalytic material for the NRR. In particular, doping with nonmetals F and S reduced the limiting potential of the two potential-limiting steps in the reduction reaction, compared with the undoped pure structure. Thus, Fe/MXenes doped with these nonmetals are the best candidates among these structures.
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15
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Ai X, Chen H, Liang X, Shi L, Zhang M, Zhang K, Zou Y, Zou X. Metal-Coordinating Single-Boron Sites Confined in Antiperovskite Borides for N2-to-NH3 Catalytic Conversion. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Mingcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yongcun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Yu YF, Zhang W, Sun FL, Fang QJ, Pan JK, Chen WX, Zhuang GL. High electrocatalytical performance of FeCoNiCuPd high-entropy alloy for nitrogen reduction reaction. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Ponnada S, Kiai MS, Gorle DB, Venkatachalam R, Saini B, Murugavel K, Nowduri A, Singhal R, Marken F, Kulandainathan AM, Nanda KK, Sharma RK, Bose RSC. Recent Status and Challenges in Multifunctional Electrocatalysis Based on 2D MXenes. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00428c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to their chemical and electrical characteristics, such as metallic conductivity, redox-activity in transition metals, high hydrophilicity, and adjustable surface properties, MXenes are emerging as important contributors to oxygen reduction...
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Zheng J, Sun X, Hu J, Wang S, Yao Z, Deng S, Pan X, Pan Z, Wang J. Symbolic Transformer Accelerating Machine Learning Screening of Hydrogen and Deuterium Evolution Reaction Catalysts in MA 2Z 4 Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:50878-50891. [PMID: 34672634 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been developed into various catalysts with high performance, but employing them for developing highly stable and active nonprecious hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts still encounters many challenges. To this end, the machine learning (ML) screening of HER catalysts is accelerated by using genetic programming (GP) of symbolic transformers for various typical 2D MA2Z4 materials. The values of the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH*) are accurately and rapidly predicted via extreme gradient boosting regression by using only simple GP-processed elemental features, with a low predictive root-mean-square error of 0.14 eV. With the analysis of ML and density functional theory (DFT) methods, it is found that various electronic structural properties of metal atoms and the p-band center of surface atoms play a crucial role in regulating the HER performance. Based on these findings, NbSi2N4 and VSi2N4 are discovered to be active catalysts with thermodynamical and dynamical stability as ΔGH* approaches to zero (-0.041 and 0.024 eV). In addition, DFT calculations reveal that these catalysts also exhibit good deuterium evolution reaction (DER) performance. Overall, a multistep workflow is developed through ML models combined with DFT calculations for efficiently screening the potential HER and DER catalysts from 2D materials with the same crystal prototype, which is believed to have significant contribution to catalyst design and fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Zheng
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
| | | | | | - ShiBin Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Yao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Deng
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Jianguo Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
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Recent developments in the use of single-atom catalysts for water splitting. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Zhang M, Lai C, Li B, Liu S, Huang D, Xu F, Liu X, Qin L, Fu Y, Li L, Yi H, Chen L. MXenes as Superexcellent Support for Confining Single Atom: Properties, Synthesis, and Electrocatalytic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007113. [PMID: 34047018 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs) have shown their noticeable potential and gradually become a new favorite in catalytic field due to the particular selectivity, high catalytic performance, and strong durability. The most important factor in the synthesis of SACs is the selection of appropriate support and formation of metal-support interaction. Among a large number of nanomaterials, MXenes can be utilized as benign supports for fixing SACs because of their expansive specific surface area, regulable bandgap, superior electronic conductivity, and strong mechanical stability. The structure and property of MXenes can be manipulated by changing transition metal elements and surface termination. Here, the uniqueness and superiority of MXenes as superexcellent supports for confining SACs are analyzed from structure and property. The synthetic strategy of MXene-supported SACs is also summarized, especially emphasizing the immobilization of isolated atom against aggregation by utilizing the formidable metal-support covalent coordination interaction. In addition, the applications of MXene-supported SACs in electrocatalytic field are highlighted, including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, overall water splitting, oxygen reduction reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction. Finally, the challenges and prospects are pointed out for the further understanding and practical application of MXene-supported SACs in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Bisheng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Fuhang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xigui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410004, China
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21
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Computational identification of B substitutional doped C9N4 monolayer for electrocatalytic N2 reduction. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Huang B, Wu Y, Chen B, Qian Y, Zhou N, Li N. Transition-metal-atom-pairs deposited on g-CN monolayer for nitrogen reduction reaction: Density functional theory calculations. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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Recent advances in MXene-based nanoarchitectures as electrode materials for future energy generation and conversion applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Enhanced catalytic activity of MXene for nitrogen electoreduction reaction by carbon doping. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Orbital symmetry matching: Achieving superior nitrogen reduction reaction over single-atom catalysts anchored on Mxene substrates. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Huang CX, Li G, Yang LM, Ganz E. Ammonia Synthesis Using Single-Atom Catalysts Based on Two-Dimensional Organometallic Metal Phthalocyanine Monolayers under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:608-621. [PMID: 33372749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have identified three novel metal phthalocyanine (MPc, M = Mo, Re, and Tc) single-atom catalyst candidates with excellent predicted performance for the production of ammonia from electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) through a combination of high-throughput screening and first-principles calculations on a series of 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals anchored onto extended Pc monolayer catalysts. Analysis of the energy band structures and projected density of states of N2-MPc revealed significant orbital hybridization and charge transfer between the adsorbed N2 and catalyst MPc, which accounts for the high catalytic activity. Among 30 MPc catalysts, MoPc and TcPc monolayers were found to be the most promising new NRR catalysts, as they exhibit excellent stability, low onset potential, and high selectivity. A comprehensive reaction pathway search found that the maximum free energy changes for the MoPc and TcPc monolayers are 0.33 and 0.54 eV, respectively. As a distinctive nature of this work, the hybrid reaction pathway was considered extensively and searched systematically. The onset potential of the hybrid pathway is found to be smaller than or comparable to that of the commonly known pure pathway. Thus, the hybrid path is highly competitive with low onset potential and high activity. The hybrid pathway is expected to have an important impact on future research on the mechanism of NRR, and it will open up a new way to explore the mechanism of the NRR reaction. We hope that our work will provide impetus to the creation of new catalysts for reduction of N2 to NH3. This work provides new insights into the rational design of NRR catalysts and explores novel reaction pathways under ambient or mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li-Ming Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Eric Ganz
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 115 Union St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Zhou J, Liu G, Jiang Q, Zhao W, Ao Z, An T. Density functional theory calculations on single atomic catalysis: Ti-decorated Ti3C2O2 monolayer (MXene) for HCHO oxidation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Lim KRG, Handoko AD, Nemani SK, Wyatt B, Jiang HY, Tang J, Anasori B, Seh ZW. Rational Design of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbide/Nitride (MXene) Hybrids and Nanocomposites for Catalytic Energy Storage and Conversion. ACS NANO 2020; 14:10834-10864. [PMID: 32790329 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electro-, photo-, and photoelectrocatalysis play a critical role toward the realization of a sustainable energy economy. They facilitate numerous redox reactions in energy storage and conversion systems, enabling the production of chemical feedstock and clean fuels from abundant resources like water, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. One major obstacle for their large-scale implementation is the scarcity of cost-effective, durable, and efficient catalysts. A family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) has recently emerged as promising earth-abundant candidates for large-area catalytic energy storage and conversion due to their unique properties of hydrophilicity, high metallic conductivity, and ease of production by solution processing. To take full advantage of these desirable properties, MXenes have been combined with other materials to form MXene hybrids with significantly enhanced catalytic performances beyond the sum of their individual components. MXene hybridization tunes the electronic structure toward optimal binding of redox active species to improve intrinsic activity while increasing the density and accessibility of active sites. This review outlines recent strategies in the design of MXene hybrids for industrially relevant electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic applications such as water splitting, metal-air/sulfur batteries, carbon dioxide reduction, and nitrogen reduction. By clarifying the roles of individual material components in the MXene hybrids, we provide design strategies to synergistically couple MXenes with associated materials for highly efficient and durable catalytic applications. We conclude by highlighting key gaps in the current understanding of MXene hybrids to guide future MXene hybrid designs in catalytic energy storage and conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Rui Garrick Lim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Albertus D Handoko
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Srinivasa Kartik Nemani
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Brian Wyatt
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Hai-Ying Jiang
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Junwang Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Zhi Wei Seh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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29
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Recent Progress on 2D Transition Metal Compounds-based Electrocatalysts for Efficient Nitrogen Reduction. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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A Review of Composite/Hybrid Electrocatalysts and Photocatalysts for Nitrogen Reduction Reactions: Advanced Materials, Mechanisms, Challenges and Perspectives. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-020-00069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Cheng Y, Song Y, Zhang Y. A systematic investigation of the catalytic performances of monolayer carbon nitride nanosheets C 1-xN x. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6772-6782. [PMID: 32175552 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00319k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitrides (CNs) are potential candidate materials for the electro-catalytic industry due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, to date, a full understanding of the electro-catalytic properties of CNs is still lacking. Herein, by using density functional theory calculations, we systematically investigate the catalytic performances in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), N2 reduction reaction (NRR), and CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) of monolayer graphitic carbon nitrides (C1-xNx), C3N (x = 1/4), C2N (x = 1/3), and g-C3N4 (x = 4/7). We also evaluated the NRR activity of B doped C1-xNx, and the CO2RR activity of Cu and Pd modified C1-xNx. The cohesive energy and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) results show that C3N, C2N, and g-C3N4 are stable at room temperature. The C3N-C1 site is predicted to deliver the best HER catalytic performance with a reaction Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) of -0.03 eV (close to the ideal value (0 eV)). Among the studied C1-xNx materials, the C3N-C2 site is predicted to possess a favorable ηOER of 0.82 V for OER. Pure C3N, C2N, and g-C3N4 are not suitable for NRR and CO2RR. Due to the strong hybridization between the N 2p orbital and the B 2p orbital, the NRR performances of B doped BN-C2N, BN-C3N, and BN-g-C3N4 are greatly enhanced, with corresponding overpotential ηNRR of 0.57 V, 0.70 V, and 0.72 V, respectively. The transition metals Cu and Pd can enhance the CO2RR activity of C3N, C2N, and g-C3N4. The limiting potentials UL of pure C3N, C2N, and g-C3N4 are 0.96 V, 0.86 V, and 2.37 V, respectively, while these values are 0.63 V, 0.68 V, and 0.77 V with Cu or Pd modification. This work provides deep understanding of the catalytic properties of monolayer C1-xNx and guidance for synthesizing higher activity catalysts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China. and National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China.
| | - Yumin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
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32
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Johnson LR, Sridhar S, Zhang L, Fredrickson KD, Raman AS, Jang J, Leach C, Padmanabhan A, Price CC, Frey NC, Raizada A, Rajaraman V, Saiprasad SA, Tang X, Vojvodic A. MXene Materials for the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction—Functionalized or Not? ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke R. Johnson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sudiksha Sridhar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kurt D. Fredrickson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Abhinav S. Raman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joonbaek Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Connor Leach
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ashwin Padmanabhan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher C. Price
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nathan C. Frey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Abhishek Raizada
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vishwanathan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sai Aparna Saiprasad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiaoxin Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Aleksandra Vojvodic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Cheng Y, Dai J, Song Y, Zhang Y. Single molybdenum atom anchored on 2D Ti 2NO 2 MXene as a promising electrocatalyst for N 2 fixation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18132-18141. [PMID: 31552992 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05402b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia (NH3) at ambient temperature is an attractive and challenging subject in the chemical industry. The synthesis of NH3 under ambient conditions requires efficient and stable electrocatalysts with ultralow overpotential to ensure low energy consumption and high NH3 yield. Herein, electrocatalysts consisting of a single transition metal (TM) atom (TM = Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, or Cu) anchored on 2D M2NO2 MXene (M = Ti, V, and Cr), designated as TM/M2NO2, are designed for N2 reduction reaction (NRR) by density functional theory calculations. The results show that the bonding strength between Mo and Ti2NO2 is strong. The overpotential (ηNRR) of Mo/Ti2NO2 surface-catalyzed NRR is estimated to be as low as 0.16 V via an enzymatic mechanism, which is lower than those reported to date. For Mo/V2NO2 and Mo/Cr2NO2 catalysts, the NRR occurs through the consecutive mechanism and enzymatic mechanism, with corresponding ηNRR values of 0.38 V and 0.22 V, respectively. In addition, the reaction Gibbs free energy of NH3 desorption from the Mo/Ti2NO2 surface is only 0.12 eV. Electronic structure analysis indicates that Mo/Ti2NO2 shows metallic characteristics, which ensures the efficient transfer of electrons between Mo and Ti2NO2. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the Mo atom can be stably immobilized on the Ti2NO2 substrate to prevent its aggregation into Mo clusters. Further analysis illustrates that hydrogen adsorption is not favored on the Mo/Ti2NO2 surface. Mixing the N2 source with extra gases, such as NO2, NO, SO2, SO, and O2, should be avoided for NRR on Mo/Ti2NO2 surface. These predictions offer a new opportunity for the electrocatalytic synthesis of NH3 by N2 reduction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
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Cao Y, Deng S, Fang Q, Sun X, Zhao C, Zheng J, Gao Y, Zhuo H, Li Y, Yao Z, Wei Z, Zhong X, Zhuang G, Wang J. Single and double boron atoms doped nanoporous C 2N-h2D electrocatalysts for highly efficient N 2 reduction reaction: a density functional theory study. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:335403. [PMID: 31026848 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1d01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytical process is the most efficient way to produce ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions, but developing a highly efficient and low-cost metal-free electrocatalysts remains a major scientific challenge. Hence, single atom and double boron (B) atoms doped 2D graphene-like carbon nitride (C2N-h2D) electrocatalysts have been designed (B@C2N and B2@C2N), and the efficiency of N2 reduction reaction (NRR) is examined by density functional theory calculation. The results show that the single and double B atoms can both be strongly embedded in natural nanoporous C2N with superior catalytic activity for N2 activation. The reaction mechanisms of NRR on the B@C2N and B2@C2N are both following an enzymatic pathway, and B2@C2N is a more efficient electrocatalyst with extremely low overpotential of 0.19 eV comparing to B@C2N (0.29 eV). In the low energy region, the hydrogenation of N2 is thermodynamically more favorable than the hydrogen production, thereby improving the selectivity for NRR. Based on these results, a new double-atom strategy may help guiding the experimental synthesis of highly efficient NRR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Cao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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