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Zhang X, Diao X, Li L, Zhang Y, Liao M, Zhang G, Zhang L. Identification of metabolites of Ginkgolide B in vivo and in vitro using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2458-2477. [PMID: 35543088 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgolide B is a dietary diterpene with multiple pharmacological activities. However, current research on ginkgolide B is not comprehensive. The current study analyzed the metabolic profile of ginkgolide B in vivo and in vitro using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry . To detect and identify the different metabolites in ginkgolide B, a novel data processing method was used as an assistant tool. A total of 53 different metabolites of ginkgolide B (38 phase I metabolites and 15 phase II metabolites) were detected relative to blank samples. The biotransformation route of ginkgolide B was identified as oxidation, dehydroxylation, hydrogenation, decarbonylation, demethylation, sulfate conjugation, glucose conjugation, methylation and acetylation. The current study demonstrated a method for rapidly detecting and identifying metabolites and provided useful information to further characterize the pharmacology and mechanism of ginkgolide B. A method for the analysis of other diterpene metabolic components in vivo and in vitro was also established. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Xinpeng Diao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No.361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Luya Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Man Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No.361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No.361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
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Wen H, He B, Wang H, Chen F, Li P, Cui M, Li Q, Pan W, Yang X. Structure-Based Gastro-Retentive and Controlled-Release Drug Delivery with Novel 3D Printing. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:68. [PMID: 30627938 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present contribution, the aim is to explore and establish a way in which 3D printing and gastro-retentive drug delivery systems (GRDDSs) are combined (focusing on inner structure innovation) to achieve extended and stable gastro-retention and controlled-release of drug. Three digital models diverse in construction were designed and substantialized by a pressure-assisted microsyringe (PAM) 3D printer. Preparations were characterized by means of DSC, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. In vitro buoyancy study and in vivo gamma scintigraphy method were conducted to validate gastro-retention property of these innovative preparations in vitro/in vivo respectively. Release kinetic model was established and release mechanism was discussed. Tablets manufactured under certain range of parameters (intersecting angle, full filling gap) were tight and accurate in shape. Tablets printed with specific parameters (full filling gap, 50%; nozzle extrusion speed, 0.006 mm/s; layer height, 0.4 mm; compensation value, 0.25; quantity of layers, 15; outline printing value, 2) exhibited satisfactory in vitro (10-12 h)/in vivo (8-10 h) retention ability and possessed stable 10-12 h controlled-release quality. In general, 3D printing has tremendous advantage over conventional fabrication technique in intricate drug delivery systems and will be widely employed in pharmacy.
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