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Baeshen NA, Almulaiky YQ, Afifi M, Al-Farga A, Ali HA, Baeshen NN, Abomughaid MM, Abdelazim AM, Baeshen MN. GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Plant Rhazya stricta Using Various Solvents. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:960. [PMID: 36840308 PMCID: PMC9967519 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, human beings have traditionally employed many folkloric herbal resources as complementary and alternative remedies, and these remedies have played a pivotal role in modern medicines for many decades, as scientists have used them to develop drugs. We studied the effects of employing solvents with varying polarity on the yields of phytochemical components extracted from the plant Rhazya stricta. We used chloroform-methanol (1:1), methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate as extraction solvents. The results showed that the efficiencies of the solvents at extracting phytochemical compounds were in this order: chloroform-methanol < ethanol < methanol < diethyl ether < ethyl acetate extract. The chloroform-methanol extract produced the highest concentration of phenolic and flavonoid contents among the five solvents tested (13.3 mg GAE/g DM and 5.43 CE/g DM). The yields of the extracted phytochemical compounds ranged from 47.55 to 6.05%. The results revealed that the properties of the extraction solvents considerably impacted the extraction yield and the phytochemical components of the R. stricta extract. Furthermore, compared with the other solvents, the chloroform-methanol extraction led to the highest yield (47.55%) and to more phytochemical substances being extracted. The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical compounds extracted from R. stricta with different solvents that have different polarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabih A. Baeshen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaaser Q. Almulaiky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21921, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz 3191, Yemen
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haytham A. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseebh N. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosleh M. Abomughaid
- Laboratory Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aaser M. Abdelazim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed N. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
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Yang NN, Zhang YF, Zhang HT, Ma XH, Shen JH, Li P, Zhong TH, Zhang YH. The in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of triterpene saponins from Clematis florida. Nat Prod Res 2021; 35:6180-6183. [PMID: 33930989 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1833203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Clematis florida is widely used in She Ethnopharmacy in China owing to its significant anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the active fraction of C. florida (CFAF) in an arthritis animal model and its possible mechanism. Pre-inflammatory cytokine levels were examined by ELISA. CFAF can significantly improve the symptoms of arthritis such as paw swelling, arthritic index, and histological condition in AA rat. CFAF can also reduce levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6. Further studies showed that triterpene saponins from CFAF induced anti-inflammatory activity inhibited inflammatory mediators by blocking JAK/STAT signalling pathways in the LPS-treated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Medical Imaging Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Huang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Hua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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YES-10, A Combination of Extracts from Clematis mandshurica RUPR. and Erigeron annuus (L.) PERS., Prevents Ischemic Brain Injury in A Gerbil Model of Transient Forebrain Ischemia. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9020154. [PMID: 31991860 PMCID: PMC7076646 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
: Clematis mandshurica RUPR. (CMR) and Erigeron annuus (L.) PERS. (EALP) have pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory activity and been used in traditional medicines in Asia. However, neuroprotective effects of CMR and/or EALP extracts against brain ischemic insults have never been addressed. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine neuroprotective effects of YES-10, a combination of extracts from CMR and EALP (combination ratio, 1:1), in the hippocampus following ischemia/reperfusion in gerbils. Protection of neurons was investigated by cresyl violet staining, fluoro-jade B histofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry for neuronal nuclei. In addition, attenuation of gliosis was studied by immunohistochemistry for astrocytic and microglial markers. Treatments with 50 or 100 mg/kg YES-10 failed to protect neurons in the hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, administration of 200 mg/kg YES-10 protected neurons from ischemia/reperfusion injury and attenuated reactive gliosis. These findings strongly suggest that a combination of extracts from CMR and EALP can be used as a prevention approach/drug against brain ischemic damage.
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Qiu L, Xiao Y, Liu YQ, Peng LX, Liao W, Fu Q. Platycosides P and Q, two new triterpene saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:419-425. [PMID: 29966448 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1488835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The EtOH extract of the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum afforded two new triterpene saponins platycoside P (1) and platycoside Q (2). Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic means and hydrolysis products. These compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity against LPS-induced TNF-α production in RAW 246.7 macrophages. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activity with the inhibition ratios (%) of 38.6 and 44.1 at 50 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qiu
- a College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering , Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106 , China
| | - Yu Xiao
- a College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering , Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106 , China
| | - Yao-Qi Liu
- a College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering , Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106 , China
| | - Lian-Xin Peng
- a College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering , Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , Chengdu 610106 , China
| | - Wan Liao
- c State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
| | - Qiang Fu
- a College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering , Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , Chengdu 610106 , China
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