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Wang X, Hu X, Ye C, Zhao J, Tan SC, Zhou L, Zhao C, Wu KH, Yang X, Wei J, Yang M. Astragalus Polysaccharide Enhances Voriconazole Metabolism under Inflammatory Conditions through the Gut Microbiota. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:481-495. [PMID: 38779521 PMCID: PMC11106349 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2024.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Voriconazole (VRC), a widely used antifungal drug, often causes hepatotoxicity, which presents a significant clinical challenge. Previous studies demonstrated that Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) can regulate VRC metabolism, thereby potentially mitigating its hepatotoxic effects. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which APS regulates VRC metabolism. Methods First, we assessed the association of abnormal VRC metabolism with hepatotoxicity using the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method scale. Second, we conducted a series of basic experiments to verify the promotive effect of APS on VRC metabolism. Various in vitro and in vivo assays, including cytokine profiling, immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, metabolite analysis, and drug concentration measurements, were performed using a lipopolysaccharide-induced rat inflammation model. Finally, experiments such as intestinal biodiversity analysis, intestinal clearance assessments, and Bifidobacterium bifidum replenishment were performed to examine the ability of B. bifidum to regulate the expression of the VRC-metabolizing enzyme CYP2C19 through the gut-liver axis. Results The results indicated that APS does not have a direct effect on hepatocytes. However, the assessment of gut microbiota function revealed that APS significantly increases the abundance of B. bifidum, which could lead to an anti-inflammatory response in the liver and indirectly enhance VRC metabolism. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that APS can hinder the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduce the inhibitory effect on CYP2C19 transcription through the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions The study offers valuable insights into the mechanism by which APS alleviates VRC-induced liver damage, highlighting its immunomodulatory influence on hepatic tissues and its indirect regulatory control of VRC-metabolizing enzymes within hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Wang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunxiao Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingqian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Liangbin Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kit Hang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nossa Senhora do Carmo-Lago Health Centre, Health Bureau, Macau, China
| | - Xixiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Maoxun Yang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Ying Y, Hao W. Corrigendum: Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: a review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1361355. [PMID: 38264646 PMCID: PMC10804138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1361355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147641.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ying
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Hao
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Xu Q, Cheng W, Wei J, Ou Y, Xiao X, Jia Y. Synergist for antitumor therapy: Astragalus polysaccharides acting on immune microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:179. [PMID: 37741920 PMCID: PMC10517906 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Various new treatments are emerging constantly in anti-tumor therapies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, the efficacy is still not satisfactory. Astragalus polysaccharide is an important bioactive component derived from the dry root of Radix astragali. Studies found that astragalus polysaccharides have gained great significance in increasing the sensitivity of anti-tumor treatment, reducing the side effects of anti-tumor treatment, reversing the drug resistance of anti-tumor drugs, etc. In this review, we focused on the role of astragalus polysaccharides in tumor immune microenvironment. We reviewed the immunomodulatory effect of astragalus polysaccharides on macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. We found that astragalus polysaccharides can promote the activities of macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes and induce the expression of a variety of cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical applications of astragalus polysaccharides in patients with digestive tract tumors. We summarized the effective mechanism of astragalus polysaccharides on digestive tract tumors, including apoptosis induction, proliferation inhibition, immunoactivity regulation, enhancement of the anticancer effect and chemosensitivity. Therefore, in view of the multiple functions of astragalus polysaccharides in tumor immune microenvironment and its clinical efficacy, the combination of astragalus polysaccharides with antitumor therapy such as immunotherapy may provide new sparks to the bottleneck of current treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinrui Wei
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Ou
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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Ying Y, Hao W. Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: A review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147641. [PMID: 36969152 PMCID: PMC10035574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides extracted from natural resources have attracted extensive attention in biomedical research and pharmaceutical fields, due to their medical values in anti-tumor, immunomodulation, drug delivery, and many other aspects. At present, a variety of natural polysaccharides have been developed as adjuvant drugs in clinical application. Benefit from their structural variability, polysaccharides have great potential in regulating cellular signals. Some polysaccharides exert direct anti-tumor effects by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while the majority of polysaccharides can regulate the host immune system and indirectly inhibit tumors by activating either non-specific or specific immune responses. As the essential of microenvironment in the process of tumor development has been gradually revealed, some polysaccharides were found to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells via tumoral niche modulation. Here, we focused on natural polysaccharides with biomedical application potential, reviewed the recent advancement in their immunomodulation function and highlighted the importance of their signaling transduction feature for the antitumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ying
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Hao
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li CX, Liu Y, Zhang YZ, Li JC, Lai J. Astragalus polysaccharide: a review of its immunomodulatory effect. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:367-389. [PMID: 35713852 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The Astragalus polysaccharide is an important bioactive component derived from the dry root of Astragalus membranaceus. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the immunomodulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharide and provide valuable reference information. We review the immunomodulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on central and peripheral immune organs, including bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal tissues. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on a variety of immune cells is summarized. Studies have shown that Astragalus polysaccharide can promote the activities of macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and microglia and induce the expression of a variety of cytokines and chemokines. The immunomodulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharide makes it promising for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer, infection, type 1 diabetes, asthma, and autoimmune disease. Among them, the anticancer effect is the most prominent. In short, Astragalus polysaccharide is a valuable immunomodulatory medicine, but further high-quality studies are warranted to corroborate its clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Chun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jiang Lai
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
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