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Li W, Jiang M, Liu M, Ling X, Xia Y, Wan L, Chen F. Development of a Fully Continuous-Flow Approach Towards Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Tetrahydroprotoberberine Natural Alkaloids. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200700. [PMID: 35357730 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Continuous flow synthetic technologies had been widely applied in the total synthesis in the past few decades. Fully continuous flow synthesis is still extremely focused on multi-step synthesis of complex natural pharmaceutical molecules. Thus, the development of fully continuous flow total synthesis of natural products is in demand but challenging. Herein, we demonstrated the first fully continuous flow approach towards asymmetric total synthesis of natural tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids, (-)-isocanadine, (-)-tetrahydropseudocoptisine, (-)-stylopine and (-)-nandinine. This method features a concise linear sequence involving four chemical transformations and three on-line work-up processing in an integrated flow platform, without any intermediate purification. The overall yield and enantioselectivity of this four-step continuous flow chemistry were up to 50 % and 92 %ee, respectively, in a total residence time of 32.5 min, corresponding to a throughput of 145 mg/h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meifen Jiang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Minjie Liu
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xu Ling
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yingqi Xia
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Wan
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fener Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Li W, Jiang M, Chen W, Chen Y, Yang Z, Tang P, Chen F. Total Synthesis of (-)-Canadine, (-)-Rotundine, (-)-Sinactine, and (-)-Xylopinine Using a Last-Step Enantioselective Ir-Catalyzed Hydrogenation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8143-8153. [PMID: 34076443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise asymmetric total synthesis of a group of tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids, (-)-canadine, (-)-rotundine, (-)-sinactine, and (-)-xylopinine, has been accomplished in three steps from the commercially available corresponding disubstituted phenylethylamine and disubstituted benzaldehyde. Our synthesis toward these four alkaloids took advantage of the following strategy: in the first step, we achieved an efficient and sustainable synthesis of secondary amine hydrochlorides via a fully continuous flow; in the second step, we developed a Pictet-Spengler reaction/Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation/dehydration cascade for the construction of the dihydroprotoberberine core structure (ABCD-ring); and in the last step, Ir-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation was employed for the introduction of the desired stereochemistry at the C-14 position in the tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids. This work significantly expedites the asymmetric synthesis of the entire tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloid family as well as a more diverse set of structurally related non-natural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meifen Jiang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenchang Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pei Tang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fener Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Duca DR, Glick BR. Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis and its regulation in plant-associated bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8607-8619. [PMID: 32875364 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported the stimulation of plant growth following inoculation with an IAA-producing PGPB. However, the specific mode of IAA production by the PGPB is rarely elucidated. In part, this is due to the overwhelming complexity of IAA biosynthesis and regulation. The promiscuity of the enzymes implicated in IAA biosynthesis adds another element of complexity when attempting to decipher their role in IAA biosynthesis. To date, the majority of research on IAA biosynthesis describes three separate pathways classified in terms of their intermediates-indole acetonitrile (IAN), indole acetamide (IAM), and indole pyruvic acid (IPA). Each of these pathways is mediated by a set of enzymes, many of which are traditionally assumed to exist for that specific catalytic role. This lends the possibility of missing other, novel, enzymes that may also incidentally serve that function. Some of these pathways are constitutively expressed, while others are inducible. Some enzymes involved in IAA biosynthesis are known to be regulated by IAA or by IAA precursors, as well as by a multitude of environmental cues. This review aims to provide an update to our current understanding of the biosynthesis and regulation of IAA in bacteria. KEY POINTS: • IAA produced by PGPB improves bacterial stress tolerance and promotes plant growth. • Bacterial IAA biosynthesis is convoluted; multiple interdependent pathways. • Biosynthesis of IAA is regulated by IAA, IAA-precursors, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana R Duca
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Bernard R Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Zhao JQ, Zhou XJ, Zhou Y, Xu XY, Zhang XM, Yuan WC. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Dearomative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of 2-Nitrobenzofurans with 3-Isothiocyanato Oxindoles. Org Lett 2018; 20:909-912. [PMID: 29384383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective dearomative [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-nitrobenzofurans with 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles was developed. The reaction employs a chiral bis(oxazoline)/Zn(OTf)2 catalyst, allowing a practical, straightforward access to structurally diverse spirooxindoles containing a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran motif and three contiguous stereocenters with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The synthetic potentials of the method have been demonstrated by the scale-up experiment and transformations of the products. The preliminary mechanism was investigated with experimental observations, nonlinear effects studies, and MS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University , Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, China
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Li J, Fu Y, Qin C, Yu Y, Li H, Wang W. Asymmetric synthesis of isoquinolinonaphthyridines catalyzed by a chiral Brønsted acid. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6474-6477. [PMID: 28737793 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric method for the synthesis of chiral isoquinolinonaphthyridines has been developed. A chiral disulfonimide catalyzes a redox cyclization reaction between 2-methyl-3-aldehydeazaarenes and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines to deliver a range of isoquinolinonaphthyridines with good to high yields (up to 91%) and up to 92 : 8 er.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Li J, Qin C, Yu Y, Fan H, Fu Y, Li H, Wang W. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) Bond Forming Cyclization Reactions for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroprotoberberine Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque NM 87131-0001 USA
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Miyazawa M, Tokuhashi T, Horibata A, Nakamura T, Onozaki Y, Kurono N, Senboku H, Tokuda M, Ohkuma T, Orito K. Synthesis of 8-Oxoberbines and Related Benzolactams by Pd(OAc)2-Catalyzed Direct Aromatic Carbonylation. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Miyazawa
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Takashi Tokuhashi
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Horibata
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Yu Onozaki
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Nobuhito Kurono
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Hisanori Senboku
- Laboratory of Organic Reaction, Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Masao Tokuda
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkuma
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Orito
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-8628; Japan
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Abstract
The biennial Papaver L. sect. Meconidium Spach (Papaveraceae) is considered to contain four species: P. libanoticum Boiss. with subspp libanoticum and polychaetum (Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss.) Kadereit comb. et stat. nov., P. armeniacum (L.)DC. with subspp armeniacum, microstigmum (Boiss.) Kadereit comb. et stat. nov. and pilgerianum (Fedde) Kadereit comb. et stat. nov., P. curviscapum Nab., and P. persicum Lindl. with subspp persicum, tauricolum (Boiss.) Kadereit comb. et stat. nov. and microcarpum (Boiss.) Kadereit comb. et stat. nov. A key to species and subspecies is given, capsules and leaves of all taxa are illustrated, and distribution maps are provided.
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Li C, Xu Q, Li J, Jia X. Highly effective binding and inverse fluorescent behavior of palmatine and l-tetrahydropalmatine alkaloids by p-sulfonatocalixarenes. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-009-9533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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