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Duraisamy P, Angusamy A, Ravi S, Krishnan M, Martin LC, Manikandan B, Sundaram J, Ramar M. Phytol from Scoparia dulcis prevents NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses during macrophage polarization. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:80. [PMID: 38375513 PMCID: PMC10874368 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are primary immune cells that mediate a wide range of inflammatory diseases through their polarization potential. In this study, phytol isolated from Scoparia dulcis has been explored against 7-ketocholesterol and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage polarization in IC-21 cells. Isolated phytol has been characterized using GC-MS, TLC, HPTLC, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and HPLC analyses. The immunomodulatory effects of viable concentrations of phytol were tested on oxidative stress, arginase activity, nuclear and mitochondrial membrane potentials in IC-21 cells in addition to the modulation of calcium and lipids. Further, gene and protein expression of atherogenic markers were studied. Results showed that the isolated phytol at a viable concentration of 400 µg/ml effectively reduced the production of nitric oxide, superoxide anion (ROS generation), calcium and lipid accumulation, stabilized nuclear and mitochondrial membranes, and increased arginase activity. The atherogenic markers including iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, MMP-9, CD36, and NF-κB were significantly downregulated at the levels of gene and protein expression, while macrophage surface and nuclear receptor markers (CD206, CD163, and PPAR-γ) were significantly upregulated by phytol pre-treatment in macrophages. Therefore, the present pharmacognostic study supports the role of phytol isolated from Scoparia dulcis in preventing M2-M1 macrophage polarization under inflammatory conditions, making it a promising compound. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03924-9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annapoorani Angusamy
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Sangeetha Ravi
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Mahalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | | | - Beulaja Manikandan
- Department of Biochemistry, Annai Veilankanni’s College for Women, Chennai, 600015 India
| | - Janarthanan Sundaram
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Manikandan Ramar
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
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El-Far YM, Khodir AE, Noor AO, Almasri DM, Bagalagel AA, Diri RM, Kutbi HI, Al-Gayyar MMH. Selective cytotoxic activity and protective effects of sodium ascorbate against hepatocellular carcinoma through its effect on oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Redox Rep 2021; 25:17-25. [PMID: 32172678 PMCID: PMC7144217 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2020.1739870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by elevated in oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, which enhance destructive effects of the tumor. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the protective effects of sodium ascorbate against thioacetamide-induced HCC in rats through studying its effect on the apoptotic pathway in rats. In addition, in vitro activity of sodium ascorbate was investigated on HepG2 and compared with cisplatin. Methods: HCC was experimentally induced by injecting rats with 200 mg/kg thioacetamide intraperitoneally twice weekly for 16 weeks. Part of HCC rats was concomitantly treated with 100 mg/kg sodium ascorbate intraperitoneally during the 16-week period. Hepatic tissues were used for the determination of NFκB, Nrf2, TNF-α, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9. Results: Sodium ascorbate significantly attenuated HCC-induced reduction in the expression of NrF2 associated with a reduction in concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion. In addition, sodium ascorbate blocked HCC-induced increase in the expression of NFκB and TNF-α. Sodium ascorbate slightly increased the activity of caspase-3, -8 and -9 in vitro but inhibited their activities in vivo. Conclusion: In spite of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of sodium ascorbate, it produced selective cytotoxic activity via direct activation of the apoptotic pathway in cancer cells without affecting the apoptotic pathway in normal hepatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra M El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Khodir
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa City, Mansoura, Dakhliya, Egypt
| | - Ahmad O Noor
- Deparment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deina M Almasri
- Deparment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A Bagalagel
- Deparment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Diri
- Deparment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam I Kutbi
- Deparment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M H Al-Gayyar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Rajivgandhi G, Saravanan K, Ramachandran G, Li JL, Yin L, Quero F, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Manoharan N, Li WJ. Enhanced anti-cancer activity of chitosan loaded Morinda citrifolia essential oil against A549 human lung cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4010-4021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Photocatalytic reduction and anti-bacterial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against multi drug resistant Staphylococcus saprophyticus BDUMS 5 (MN310601). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Singh B, Sharma RA. Indian Morinda species: A review. Phytother Res 2019; 34:924-1007. [PMID: 31840355 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Morinda is a largest genus of Rubiaceae family, and its 11 species are found in India. In India, plant species are known by several common names as great morinda, Indian mulberry, noni, beach mulberry and cheese fruit. Various Morinda products (capsules, tablets, skin products and fruit juices) are available in the market, used by people for treatment of several health complaints. A diversity of phytochemicals including iridoids, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, anthraquinones, coumarins, lignanas, noniosides, phenolics and triterpenoids have been reported from Morinda species. Morinda species are used in the treatment of inflammation, cancer, diabetes, psyquiatric disorders, and bacterial and viral infections. The noni fruit juice (Morinda citrifolia) and its products are used clinically in the treatment of cancer, hypertension and cervical spondylosis affecting patients. M. citrifolia fuit juice, with different doses, is used in the maintaining blood pressure and reducing of superoxides, HDL and LDL levels. Similarly, oligosaccharide capsules and tablets of root extract of M. officinalis are recommended as medicine for the treatment of kidney problems and sexual dysfunctions of patients. The toxicological studies revealed that higher doses of fruit juice (4,000 or 5,000 mg/kg) of M. citrifolia for 2 or more months cause toxic effects on liver and kidneys. M. officinalis root extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) are found fully safe during treatment of diseases. A large number of reviews are available on M. citrifolia but very few studies are conducted on other Indian Morinda species. This review reports the comprehensive knowledge on state-wise distribution, botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, clinical applications and toxicological evaluations of 11 species of Morinda found in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Singh
- Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Ram A Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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Cytotoxic and partial hepatoprotective activity of sodium ascorbate against hepatocellular carcinoma through inhibition of sulfatase-2 in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:362-372. [PMID: 29669302 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by elevation in the activity of sulfatase-2, an extracellular enzyme that catalyzes removal of 6-O-sulfate groups from heparan sulfate. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the cytotoxic activity of the strong water-soluble antioxidant, sodium ascorbate, against HCC both in vivo and in vitro. Sodium ascorbate enhanced animal survival in vivo and reduced HepG2 cells survival. The protein levels of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), insulin like growth factor (IGF)-2, sulfatase-2 and glypican-3 were assessed. Inflammation was evaluated by measuring the gene and protein expression of NFκB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10. We found that sodium ascorbate blocked HCC-induced activation of sulfatase-2 leading to restoration of HSPGs receptors associated with reduction in IGF-2 and glypican-3. Sodium ascorbate exerts anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the expression of NFκB, CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 associated with enhanced expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10. In conclusion, cytotoxic effects of sodium ascorbate against HCC can be partially explained by inhibition of sulfatase-2, restoration of HSPGs receptors and deactivation of the inflammatory pathway.
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Ganesan K, Jayachandran M, Xu B. A critical review on hepatoprotective effects of bioactive food components. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1165-1229. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1244154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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Thomas AS, Saravanakumar R, Gupta PV. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of protein extracts from the leaves of Morinda pubescens on human cancer cell lines. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Tel-Çayan G, Muhammad A, Duru ME, Öztürk M, Adhikari A, Türkoğlu A. A new fatty acid ester from an edible mushroom Rhizopogon luteolus. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2258-64. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1160237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gülsen Tel-Çayan
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Akhtar Muhammad
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Emin Duru
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Türkoğlu
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
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Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Zhang ZJ, Lao L, Wong CW, Feng Y. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26087-124. [PMID: 26540040 PMCID: PMC4661801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 951] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex antioxidant system has been developed in mammals to relieve oxidative stress. However, excessive reactive species derived from oxygen and nitrogen may still lead to oxidative damage to tissue and organs. Oxidative stress has been considered as a conjoint pathological mechanism, and it contributes to initiation and progression of liver injury. A lot of risk factors, including alcohol, drugs, environmental pollutants and irradiation, may induce oxidative stress in liver, which in turn results in severe liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Application of antioxidants signifies a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. Although conclusions drawn from clinical studies remain uncertain, animal studies have revealed the promising in vivo therapeutic effect of antioxidants on liver diseases. Natural antioxidants contained in edible or medicinal plants often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also supposed to be the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits. In this review, PubMed was extensively searched for literature research. The keywords for searching oxidative stress were free radicals, reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, anti-oxidative therapy, Chinese medicines, natural products, antioxidants and liver diseases. The literature, including ours, with studies on oxidative stress and anti-oxidative therapy in liver diseases were the focus. Various factors that cause oxidative stress in liver and effects of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases were summarized, questioned, and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Woon Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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In vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic activities and phytochemical evaluation of methanol extract of the A. philippense L. leaves. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 3:464-9. [PMID: 23730559 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the leaves of Adiantum philippense L. for their antioxidant, cytotoxicity and thrombolytic activities and to perform phytochemical evaluation. METHODS In-vitro antioxidant activity of extract was studied using DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, total phenol and total flavonoid content determination assays. The cytotoxic activity was determined using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, thrombolytic activity by clot disruption and phytochemical potential by qualitative analysis. RESULTS The antioxidant activity of the extracts was found promising. The reducing power of this crude extract increase with the increase of concentration; IC50 values of DPPH scavenging activity was (140.00±0.86) µg/mL as compared to ascorbic acid [IC50 (130.00±0.76) µg/mL]; Total phenol and total flavonoids content were (148.26±0.24) mg/mL and (163.06±0.56) mg/mL respectively. In cytotoxicity assay the LC50 values of the sample was (106.41±0.78) µg/mL where as for standard vincristin sulphate was (08.50±0.24) µg/mL as a positive control and the extract shows (12.86±1.02)% clot lytic whereas standard streptokinase shows (30.86±0.44% clot lytic activity in thrombolytic assay. The phytochemical evaluation indicates the presence of chemical constituents including carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the methanol extract of leaves of Adiantum philippense L. has bioactivity but further compound isolation is necessary to confirm the activities of individual compounds.
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Vijayarathna S, Sasidharan S. Cytotoxicity of methanol extracts of Elaeis guineensis on MCF-7 and Vero cell lines. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:826-9. [PMID: 23569855 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the cytotoxic effect of Elaeis guineensis methanol extract on MCF-7 and Vero cell. METHODS In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in by MTT assay. Cell morphological changes were observed by using light microscope. RESULTS The MTT assay indicated that methanol extract of the plant exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on MCF-7. Morphological alteration of the cell lines after exposure with Elaeis guineensis extract were observed under phase contrast microscope in the dose dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the probable use of the Elaeis guineensis methanol extract in preparing recipes for cancer-related ailments. Further studies on isolation of metabolites and their in vivo cytotoxicity are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundararajan Vijayarathna
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Anand G, Ravinanthan M, Basaviah R, Shetty AV. In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of Anacardium occidentale and Mangifera indica in oral care. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:69-74. [PMID: 25709341 PMCID: PMC4333632 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.148780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral health is an integral and important component of general health. Infectious diseases such as caries, periodontal, and gingivitis indicate the onset of imbalance in homeostasis between oral micro biota and host. The present day medicaments used in oral health care have numerous side effects. The uses of herbal plants as an alternative have gained popularity due to side effects of antibiotics and emergence of multidrug resistant strains. Anacardium occidentale (cashew) and Mangifera indica (mango) have been used as traditional oral health care measures in India since time immemorial. Materials and Methods: The ethanol extracts of cashew and mango leaves were obtained by maceration method. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by clear zone produced by these plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans in agar plate method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC), and suppression of biofilm. The cytotoxic effects of plants extract was determined by microculture tetrazolium assay on human gingival fibroblast and Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79) cell lines. Results: Cashew and mango leaf extract significantly (P < 0.05) produced larger zone of inhibition against test pathogens when compared to povidone-iodine-based mouth rinses. Although the MIC and MBC/MFC values of mouth rinses were effective in lower concentrations; plant extracts significantly (P < 0.001) suppressed the biofilms of oral pathogens. The leaf extracts were less cytotoxic (P < 0.001) compared to mouth rinses. Conclusions: Plant extracts are superior to the mouth rinses and have a promising role in future oral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geethashri Anand
- Department of Microbiology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, K.S.Hedge Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manikandan Ravinanthan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ravishankar Basaviah
- S. D. M. Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Health Sciences, Udupi, Karnataka, India
| | - A Veena Shetty
- Department of Microbiology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research, K.S.Hedge Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Köktürk S, Ceylan S, Etus V, Yasa N, Ceylan S. Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) and memantine attenuate periventricular tissue injury of the fourth ventricle in hydrocephalic rabbits. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:773-82. [PMID: 25206724 PMCID: PMC4146082 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae), commonly known as noni, and memantine (a N-methy-D-aspartate receptor inhibitor) on hydrocephalus-induced neurodegenerative disorders. Kaolin was injected into the cistern magna of male adult New Zealand rabbits to establish a hydrocephalus animal model. Memantine (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally; memantine-treated group) or noni (5 mL/kg, intragastrically; noni-treated group) was administered daily for 2 weeks. Microtubule-associated protein-2 and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry were performed to detect neuronal degeneration and apoptosis in the periventricular tissue of the fourth ventricle of rabbits. Microtubule-associated protein-2 staining density was significantly decreased in the hydrocephalic group, while the staining density was significantly increased in the memantine- and noni-treated groups, especially in the noni-treated group. Noni treatment decreased the number of caspase-3-positive cells in rabbits with hydrocephalus, while memantine had no effect. These findings suggest that noni exhibits more obvious inhibitory effects on hydrocephalus-induced neurodegenerative disorders than memantine in periventricular tissue of the fourth ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Köktürk
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Ceylan
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Volkan Etus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nezih Yasa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Savaş Ceylan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Atteby Y, Line C, Joseph OK, Nguessan K, Soumahoro O, Leonard M, Joseph A. Liver tumours in children: diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the Tropics. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Kazeem MI, Akanji MA, Hafizur RM, Choudhary MI. Antiglycation, antioxidant and toxicological potential of polyphenol extracts of alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg from Nigeria. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012; 2:727-32. [PMID: 23570003 PMCID: PMC3609371 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant and antiglycation potential of polyphenols from three spices; alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg. METHODS Polyphenol extracts of these spices were subjected to brine-shrimp lethality assay, phytotoxicity test, DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging as well as BSA-glucose antiglycation assay. RESULTS Results obtained showed that polyphenol extract of ginger has the highest antioxidant potential with IC50 0.075 and 0.070 mg/mL for DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging assay while alligator pepper displayed highest antiglycation activity with IC50 0.125 mg/mL. However, nutmeg extract exhibited weakest cytotoxic and phytotoxic potential with LD50 4359.70 and 1490 µg/mL respectively. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the polyphenol extracts of alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg displayed good antioxidant as well as antiglycation potential and are safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- MI Kazeem
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, PMB 0001, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - MA Akanji
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Rahman M Hafizur
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - MI Choudhary
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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