Wong LM, Jiang G. NF-κB sub-pathways and HIV cure: A revisit.
EBioMedicine 2021;
63:103159. [PMID:
33340992 PMCID:
PMC7750564 DOI:
10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103159]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV cure is thwarted by the presence of quiescent yet replication competent HIV-1 (HIV). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unable to eradicate reservoirs, and upon cessation of ART, HIV will rebound. This review encompasses the curative strategies of HIV in the context of NF-κB sub-pathways that are currently exploited and demonstrate promise in the disruption of latent HIV. Canonical NF-κB signaling has long been established to drive HIV proviral expression while noncanonical NF-κB signaling, a novel and perhaps more desirable mechanism of latency reversal due to its unique characteristics, has recently been shown to also promote HIV expression from latency. Furthermore, we discuss the previously unrecognized upstream signaling of NF-κB as a new avenue for exploration of a functional cure of HIV.
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