1
|
Corrao F, Kelly-Aubert M, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Semeraro M. Unmet challenges in cystic fibrosis treatment with modulators. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:145-157. [PMID: 38755109 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2357210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 'Highly effective' modulator therapies (HEMTs) have radically changed the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) therapeutic landscape. AREAS COVERED A comprehensive search strategy was undertaken to assess impact of HEMT in life of pwCF, treatment challenges in specific populations such as very young children, and current knowledge gaps. EXPERT OPINION HEMTs are prescribed for pwCF with definite genotypes. The heterogeneity of variants complicates treatment possibilities and around 10% of pwCF worldwide remains ineligible. Genotype-specific treatments are prompting theratyping and personalized medicine strategies. Improvement in lung function and quality of life increase survival rates, shifting CF from a pediatric to an adult disease. This implies new studies addressing long-term efficacy, side effects, emergence of adult co-morbidities and possible drug-drug interactions. More sensitive and predictive biomarkers for both efficacy and toxicity are warranted. As HEMTs cross the placenta and are found in breast milk, studies addressing the potential consequences of treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding are urgently needed. Finally, although the treatment and expected outcomes of CF have improved dramatically in high- and middle-income countries, lack of access in low-income countries to these life-changing medicines highlights inequity of care worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Corrao
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- INSERM, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- INSERM, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Mucoviscidose et maladies apparentées. Site constitutif, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- European Reference Lung Center, Frankfurt, Germany
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Semeraro
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Centre Investigation Clinique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kieninger E, Yammine S, Korten I, Anagnostopoulou P, Singer F, Frey U, Mornand A, Zanolari M, Rochat I, Trachsel D, Mueller-Suter D, Moeller A, Casaulta C, Latzin P. Elevated lung clearance index in infants with cystic fibrosis shortly after birth. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/5/1700580. [PMID: 29122915 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00580-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
It is not known at what age lung function impairment may arise in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). We assessed lung function shortly after birth in infants with CF diagnosed by newborn screening.We performed infant lung function measurements in a prospective cohort of infants with CF and healthy controls. We assessed lung clearance index (LCI), functional residual capacity (FRC) and tidal breathing parameters. The primary outcome was prevalence and severity of abnormal lung function (±1.64 z-scores) in CF.We enrolled 53 infants with CF (mean age 7.8 weeks) and 57 controls (mean age 5.2 weeks). Compared to controls, LCI and FRC were elevated (mean difference 0.30, 95% CI 0.02-0.60; p=0.034 and 14.5 mL, 95% CI 7.7-21.3 mL; p<0.001, respectively), while ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time was decreased in infants with CF. In 22 (41.5%) infants with CF, either LCI or FRC exceeded 1.64 z-scores; three infants had both elevated LCI and FRC.Shortly after birth, abnormal lung function is prevalent in CF infants. Ventilation inhomogeneity or hyperinflation may serve as noninvasive markers to monitor CF lung disease and specific treatment effects, and could thus be used as outcome parameters for future intervention studies in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kieninger
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sophie Yammine
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Insa Korten
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dept of Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pinelopi Anagnostopoulou
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florian Singer
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Frey
- Dept of Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Mornand
- Dept of the Child and Adolescent, Children's University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maura Zanolari
- Dept of Paediatrics, Hospital of Bellinzona, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Rochat
- Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, CHUV Lausanne, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Trachsel
- Dept of Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander Moeller
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Casaulta
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|