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Ramasamy V, Karthi S, Ganesan R, Prakash P, Senthil-Nathan S, Umavathi S, Krutmuang P, Vasantha-Srinivasan P. Chemical characterization of billy goat weed extracts Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) and their mosquitocidal activity against three blood-sucking pests and their non-toxicity against aquatic predators. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28456-28469. [PMID: 33543438 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12362-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The petroleum ether crude extracts of A. conyzoides (Pe-Ac) were used to treat three medically intimidating pests of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus, to evaluate their non-target screening against the mosquito predator. The chemical scanning of Pe-Ac through GC-MS analysis revealed a total of nine compounds and the maximum peak area was observed in 1,5-Heptadien-3-yne (22.14%). At the maximum dosage of Pe-Ac (200 ppm), significant larvicidal activity was shown against the fourth instars of Ae. aegypti (96%), An. stephensi (93%), and Cx. quinquefasciatus (92%) respectively. The percentages of oviposition deterrence index (ODI) of all three mosquito vectors are maximum at the highest sub-lethal dosage of Pe-Ac (75 ppm) and minimum at the control dosage. The sub-lethal dosage blocked the activity of carboxylesterase activity and upregulated the detoxifying enzyme activity in a dose-dependent way. The adulticidal activity of Pe-Ac showed that the maximum adult mortality rate (100%) was recorded at the prominent dosage of Pe-Ac 600 ppm against the vectors of all three mosquitos at the maximum adulticidal time of 30 min. Histopathological investigation of fourth instar larvae of all three mosquitos treated with a sub-lethal dosage of Pe-Ac showed that the midgut cells (epithelium, lumen, and peritrophic matrix) are ruptured completely whereas they appear to be normal in control larvae. The non-toxicity evaluation of Pe-Ac compared with the chemical toxin Temephos in aquatic predator Toxorhynchites splendens revealed that the plant extracts are harmless even at the prominent dosage (1000 ppm) as compared to Temephos (1 and 2 ppm) and displayed a higher mortality rate against the mosquito predators. Thus the safety index recommends that the Pe-Ac is more explicit to targets and a suitable auxiliary to chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatachalam Ramasamy
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, J.K.K. Nataraja College of Arts and Science, Komarapalayam, Tamil Nadu, 638 183, India
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Department of Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Palanisamy Prakash
- Department of Botany, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 66 011, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Subramaniam Umavathi
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, J.K.K. Nataraja College of Arts and Science, Komarapalayam, Tamil Nadu, 638 183, India.
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Fernandes DA, Rique HL, de Oliveira LHG, Santos WGS, de Souza MDFV, Nunes FDC. Ovicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Helicteres velutina K. Schum against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2021; 43:e112120. [PMID: 35749063 PMCID: PMC9179187 DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm112120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a vector of emerging and neglected diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Helicteres velutina, known as "pitó" in Brazil, is traditionally used as an insect repellent, and several studies have demonstrated its larvicidal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate this species and evaluate its potential ovicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity. The viability of the eggs was evaluated using different concentrations of the test substances for 25 days. The hexane fraction killed 72.7% of the eggs, while dichloromethane killed 67.7%. The survival of the pupae and adults was verified after 72 h and 48 h, respectively. The LC50 for the hexane and dichloromethane fractions was 0.12 mg/mL and 8.85 mg/mL for pupae, 8.01 mg/mL and 0.74 mg/mL for adults (tarsal test), and 0.05 mg/mL and 0.23 mg/mL for adults (body test), respectively. Repellency was assessed for 240 min using neonatal Wistar rats on a Y-tube olfactometer. The hexane fraction attracted mosquitoes to the test chamber, while the dichloromethane fraction had a repellent action. The 7,4'-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulfate flavone provides greater repellency, and this finding is similar to the results of the in silico studies that have shown the potential of this substance against adult mosquitoes. This suggests that 7,4'-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulfate flavone may be one of the substances present in the extract from aerial parts of H. velutina that is responsible for the repellent activity mentioned in traditional medicine. These findings provide a better understanding of the insecticidal and repellent activity of the extract, fraction, and compounds isolated from H. velutina against Ae. aegypti, thereby revealing its potential in the development of a more effective botanical insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diégina Araújo Fernandes
- Pharmacist, MSc. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos (PgPNSB), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
| | - Hyago Luiz Rique
- Curso de Graduação em Biotecnologia, UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
| | | | | | | | - Fabiola da Cruz Nunes
- Veterinarian, DSc. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
- Correspondence Fabiola da Cruz Nunes Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB Centro de Biotecnologia, Campus I - Lot. Cidade Universitaria, Campus João Pessoa CEP 58051-970 - João Pessoa (PB), Brasil E-mail:
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Larvicidal Compounds Extracted from Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae) Evaluated against Aedes aegypti L. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122315. [PMID: 31234501 PMCID: PMC6631904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), a member of Malvaceae sensu lato, is a Brazilian endemic plant that has been used by the indigenous tribe Pankarare as an insect repellent. A previous study has reported the isolation of terpenoids, flavonoids and pheophytins, in addition to the larvicidal activity of crude H. velutina extracts derived from the aerial components (leaves, branches/twigs, and flowers). The present study reports the biomonitoring of the effects of fractions and isolated compounds derived from H. velutina against A. aegypti fourth instar larvae. A crude ethanol extract was submitted to liquid–liquid extraction with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain their respective fractions. Larvicidal evaluations of the fractions were performed, and the hexane and dichloromethane fractions exhibited greater activities than the other fractions, with LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values of 3.88 and 5.80 mg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical study of these fractions resulted in the isolation and identification of 17 compounds. The molecules were subjected to a virtual screening protocol, and five molecules presented potential larvicidal activity after analyses of their applicability domains. When molecular docking was analysed, only three of these compounds showed an ability to bind with sterol carrier protein-2 (1PZ4), a protein found in the larval intestine. The compounds tiliroside and 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone showed in vitro larvicidal activity, with LC50 values of 0.275 mg/mL after 72 h and 0.182 mg/mL after 24 h of exposure, respectively. This is the first study to demonstrate the larvicidal activity of sulphated flavonoids against A. aegypti. Our results showed that the presence of the OSO3H group attached to C-8 of the flavonoid was crucial to the larvicidal activity. This research supports the traditional use of H. velutina as an alternative insecticide for the control of A. aegypti, which is a vector for severe arboviruses, such as dengue and chikungunya.
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Thanigaivel A, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Edwin ES, Ponsankar A, Selin-Rani S, Chellappandian M, Kalaivani K, Senthil-Nathan S, Benelli G. Development of an eco-friendly mosquitocidal agent from Alangium salvifolium against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and its biosafety on the aquatic predator. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10340-10352. [PMID: 28580548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant extracts with their enriched chemical constituents have established potential alternative mosquito control agents. In this research, we developed an eco-friendly mosquitocidal agent from Alangium salvifolium leaves against the dengue and Zika virus vector Aedes aegypti and we investigated its biosafety on the mosquito aquatic predator Toxorhynchites splendens. Results showed that the methanolic extract of A. salvifolium leaves was composed by eight main compounds, with major peak area for hexadecenoic acid (21.74%). LC50 and LC90 values calculated on Ae. aegypti fourth instar larvae were 104.80 and 269.15 ppm respectively. The methanolic extract tested at 100 ppm decreased the α-β carboxylesterase and SOD ratio significantly and upregulated the GST and CYP450 level. The A. salvifolium methanolic extract displayed significant repellent and adulticidal activity at 100 and 400 ppm respectively. The treatment with 100 ppm of the methanolic extract led to 210 min of protection from Ae. aegypti bites. Four hundred parts per million of the extract showed 98% adult mortality within 30 min from the treatment. Lastly, biosafety assays on the mosquito aquatic predator Tx. splendens showed that the toxicity of the A. salvifolium extract was significantly lower if compared to the cypermethrin-based treatments. The methanolic extract of A. salvifolium showed a maximum of 47.3% mortality rate at the concentration of 1000 ppm, while 0.7 ppm of cypermethrin achieved 91.3% mortality rate on Tx. splendens. Overall, our study enhances basic knowledge on how to improve natural larvicidal agents against dengue and Zika virus mosquito vector with harmless responses on non-target aquatic predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Thanigaivel
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Edward-Sam Edwin
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Athirstam Ponsankar
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Selvaraj Selin-Rani
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Muthiah Chellappandian
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Kandaswamy Kalaivani
- Post Graduate and Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtrallam, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 802, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India.
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del 23 Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Younoussa L, Nukenine EN, Danga SPY, Esimone CO. Repellent activity of the creams formulated from Annona senegalensis and Boswellia dalzielii leaf fractions and essential oils against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Donkor AM, Oduro-Mens D, Ani E, Ankamah E, Nsiah S, Ekow Mensa D, Kakra Dick E, Asamoah Ku K. In vitro Anti-Plasmodial Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Moringa oleifera and Phyllanthus amarus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijbc.2015.198.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tennyson S, Ravindran J, Eapen A, William J. Ovicidal activity of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae) leaf extracts against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M. Ovicidal and adulticidal potential of leaf and seed extract of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (Family: Fabaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1949-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Larvicidal activity of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae) leaf extracts against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Venkatesan R, Ravindran J, Eapen A, William J. Insecticidal and growth regulating activity of crude leaf extracts of Cassia occidentalis L. (Caesalpinaceae) against the urban malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Evaluation of seed extracts from plants found in the Caatinga biome for the control of Aedes aegypti. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:3565-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Isolation of Insecticidal Constituents from the Essential Oil ofAgeratum houstonianumMill. againstLiposcelis bostrychophilaBadonnel. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/645687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine chemical composition and insecticidal activities of the essential oil ofAgeratum houstonianumMill. aerial parts against booklice,Liposcelis bostrychophilaBadonnel, and to isolate any insecticidal constituents from the oil. Essential oil ofA. houstonianumwas obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 35 components in the essential oil were identified. The major compounds were precocene II (62.68%), precocene I (13.21%), andβ-caryophyllene (7.92%). Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, precocene II and precocene I were isolated and identified as the active constituents. The essential oil exhibited contact toxicity againstL. bostrychophilawith an LC50value of 50.8 μg/cm2. Precocene II (LC50= 30.4 μg/cm2) exhibited stronger acute toxicity than precocene I (LC50= 64.0 μg/cm2) against the booklice. The essential oil and the two isolated constituents also possessed strong repellent activity againstL. bostrychophila. The results indicated that the essential oil and its constituent compounds have potential for development into natural insecticides or repellents for control of insects in stored grains.
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Repellent activity of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae) leaf extracts against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Krishnappa K, Dhanasekaran S, Elumalai K. Larvicidal, ovicidal and pupicidal activities of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) (Leguminosae) against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Culicidae: Diptera). ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2012; 5:598-604. [PMID: 22840446 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(12)60124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potentiality of mosquitocidal activity of Gliricidia sepium (G. sepium) (Jacq.) (Leguminosae). METHODS Twenty five early third instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi) were exposed to various concentrations (50-250 ppm) and the 24 h LC(50) values of the G. sepium extract was determined by probit analysis. The ovicidal activity was determined against An. stephensi to various concentrations ranging from 25-100 ppm under laboratory conditions. The eggs hatchability was assessed 48 h post treatment. The pupicidal activity was determined against An. stephensi to various concentrations ranging from 25-100 ppm. Mortality of each pupa was recorded after 24 h of exposure to the extract. RESULTS Results pertaining to the experiment clearly revealed that ethanol extract showed significant larvicidal, ovicidal and pupicidal activity against the An. stephensi. Larvicidal activity of ethanol extracts of G. sepium showed maximum mortality in 250 ppm concentration (96.0±2.4)%. Furthermore, the LC(50) was found to be 121.79 and the LC(90) value was recorded to be 231.98 ppm. Ovicidal activity of ethanol extract was assessed by assessing the egg hatchability. Highest concentration of both solvent extracts exhibited 100% ovicidal activity. Similarly, pupae exposed to different concentrations of ethanol extract were found dead with 58.10% adult emergence when it was treated with 25 ppm concentration. Similarly, 18.36 (n=30; 61.20%); 21.28(70.93) and 27.33(91.10) pupal mortality was recorded from the experimental pupae treated with 50, 75 and 100 ppm concentration of extracts. Three fractions have been tested for their larvicidal activity of which the Fraction 3 showed the LC(50) and LC(90) values of 23.23 and 40.39 ppm. With regard to the ovicidal effect fraction 3 showed highest ovicidal activities than the other two fractions. Furthermore, there were no hatchability was recorded above 50 ppm (100% egg mortality) in the experimental group. Statistically significant pupicidal activity was recorded from 75 ppm concentration. CONCLUSIONS From the results it can be concluded the crude extract of G. sepium is an excellent potential for controlling An. stephensi mosquito. It is apparent that, fraction 3 possess a novel and active principle which could be responsible for those biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyamoorthy Krishnappa
- Unit of Entomotoxicity, Department of Zoology, Govt. Thirumagal Mills College, Vellore-632607 Tamilnadu, India
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Tennyson S, Ravindran KJ, Eapen A, William SJ. Effect of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae) leaf extracts on the oviposition activity of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 2012; 111:2295-9. [PMID: 22903449 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plant extracts have been studied extensively for their insecticidal activity against immature stages and adult mosquitoes. They have also been reported to influence the habitat preference of ovipositing mosquitoes. Ageratum houstonianum, a medicinal plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, has been reported to possess insecticidal activity, and in the present study, the ovipositional attractant/deterrent activity was studied. The effect of Ageratum houstonianum crude leaf extracts on the oviposition of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus was studied at 0.1 % concentration in laboratory. Among hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol crude leaf extracts, methanol showed an effective deterrent activity against all the three vector species with an oviposition active index of -0.8, -0.8 and -0.9, respectively. Field trials carried out to study the effect of 0.1 % methanol extract on oviposition of Aedes species indicated effective deterrence ranging from 79.0 to 100.0 % in indoor and 74.6 to 100.0 % in outdoor ovitraps. The potential oviposition deterrent property of Ageratum houstonianum crude leaf extracts observed in both laboratory and field studies indicates the presence of phytocompounds that act as effective contact deterrent. Further, isolation, identification and preparation of suitable formulation of the effective phytocompounds of Ageratum houstonianum that act as a contact deterrent are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tennyson
- Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Chennai, 600 059 Tamil Nadu, India
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Lethal effect of Streptomyces citreofluorescens against larvae of malaria, filaria and dengue vectors. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2012; 5:594-7. [PMID: 22840445 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(12)60123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate lethal effect of culture filtrates of Streptomyces citreofluorescens (S. citreofluorescens) against Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi), Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus), and Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) larvae vectors for malaria, filarial and dengue. METHODS The culture filtrates obtained from S. citreofluorescens 2528 was grown in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), filtrated and used for the bioassay after a growth of 15 days. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the An. stephensi shows mortalities with LC(50), LC(90) values of first instar 46.8 μL/mL, 79.5 μL/mL, second instar 79.0 μL/mL, 95.6 μL/mL, third instar 79.0 μL/mL, 136.9 μL/mL, and fourth instar 122.6 μL/mL, 174.5 μL/mL. Whereas, The Cx. quinquefasciatus were found effective on first instar 40.0 μL/mL, 138.03 μL/mL, second instar 80.0 μL/mL, 181.97 μL/mL, third instar 100.0 μL/mL, 309.2 μL/mL, and fourth instar 60.0 μL/mL, 169.82 μL/mL. The Ae. aegypti were successfully achieved susceptible with higher concentrations in comparisons of An. stephensi and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. These outcomes of the investigations have compared with the Chitinase of Streptomyces griseus (S. griseus) C6137 that shows 90%-95% mortality. CONCLUSIONS These new findings significantly permitted that the culture filtrates of S. citreofluorescens can be used as bacterial larvicides. This is an environmentally safe approach to control the vectors of malaria, dengue and filariasis of tropical areas.
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Tennyson S, Balaraju K, Park K, Ravindran KJ, Eapen A, William SJ. In vitro antioxidant activity of Ageratum houstonianum Mill. (Asteraceae). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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