Kandhare AD, Alam J, Patil MVK, Sinha A, Bodhankar SL. Wound healing potential of naringin ointment formulation via regulating the expression of inflammatory, apoptotic and growth mediators in experimental rats.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016;
54:419-32. [PMID:
25894211 DOI:
10.3109/13880209.2015.1038755]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT
Wound healing is a consequence of a complex process involving inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Naringin, a flavanone glycoside, is associated with modulation of various oxido-inflammatory and growth factors.
AIM
The aim of this study is to evaluate the wound-healing activity of naringin ointment formulation (NOF) on experimental wound models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A soft paraffin-based cream containing 1, 2, and 4% (w/w) naringin was formulated and evaluated for physicochemical characters. Excision wounds and incisions wounds were used to study the topical effect of NOF for 20 d (once a day) on various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters.
RESULTS
NOF (2 and 4%, w/w) treatment showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in wound area and epithelization period whereas the rate of wound contraction increased significantly (p < 0.05). The altered levels of oxido-nitrosative stress (SOD, GSH, MDA, MPO, and NO) were significantly (p < 0.05) restored by NOF. Treatment produced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in tensile strength, hydroxyproline content, and protein content. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, NF-κB, smad-7, and Bax mRNA expression were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05) by NOF, whereas polymerase gamma (pol-γ), smad-3, VEGF and TGF-β, and collagen-1 mRNA expressions were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) by NOF. Histological alterations in wound skin were also restored by NOF.
CONCLUSION
NOF exerts wound healing potential via down-regulated expression of inflammatory (NF-κB, TNF-α, and ILs), apoptotic (pol-γ and Bax), and up-regulated growth factor (VEGF and TGF-β) expression, thus modulating collagen-1 expression to induce angiogenesis leading to wound healing.
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