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Yadav V, Mai Y, McCoubrey LE, Wada Y, Tomioka M, Kawata S, Charde S, Basit AW. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid as a Novel Therapeutic for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050578. [PMID: 34065300 PMCID: PMC8160866 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a naturally occurring nonprotein amino acid licensed as an optical imaging agent for the treatment of gliomas. In recent years, 5-ALA has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties through upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 via enhancement of porphyrin, indicating that it may be beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. This study systematically examines 5-ALA for use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Firstly, the ex vivo colonic stability and permeability of 5-ALA was assessed using human and mouse fluid and tissue. Secondly, the in vivo efficacy of 5-ALA, in the presence of sodium ferrous citrate, was investigated via the oral and intracolonic route in an acute DSS colitis mouse model of IBD. Results showed that 5-ALA was stable in mouse and human colon fluid, as well as in colon tissue. 5-ALA showed more tissue restricted pharmacokinetics when exposed to human colonic tissue. In vivo dosing demonstrated significantly improved colonic inflammation, increased local heme oxygenase-1 levels, and decreased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in both plasma and colonic tissue. These effects were superior to that measured concurrently with established anti-inflammatory treatments, ciclosporin and 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine). As such, 5-ALA represents a promising addition to the IBD armamentarium, with potential for targeted colonic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Yadav
- Intract Pharma Limited, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, UK
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (A.W.B.)
| | - Yang Mai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Laura E. McCoubrey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Yasufumi Wada
- Neopharma Japan, Iidabashi Grand Bloom 4th Floor, 2-10-2 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan; (Y.W.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Motoyasu Tomioka
- Neopharma Japan, Iidabashi Grand Bloom 4th Floor, 2-10-2 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan; (Y.W.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Satofumi Kawata
- Neopharma Japan, Iidabashi Grand Bloom 4th Floor, 2-10-2 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan; (Y.W.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Shrikant Charde
- Neopharma Japan, Iidabashi Grand Bloom 4th Floor, 2-10-2 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan; (Y.W.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Abdul W. Basit
- Intract Pharma Limited, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (A.W.B.)
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