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Wang X, Tewari N, Sato F, Tanimoto K, Thangavelu L, Makishima M, Bhawal UK. Biphasic Functions of Sodium Fluoride (NaF) in Soft and in Hard Periodontal Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020962. [PMID: 35055148 PMCID: PMC8780524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is widely used in clinical dentistry. However, the administration of high or low concentrations of NaF has various functions in different tissues. Understanding the mechanisms of the different effects of NaF will help to optimize its use in clinical applications. Studies of NaF and epithelial cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and periodontal cells have suggested the significant roles of fluoride treatment. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the biphasic functions of NaF that are related to both soft and hard periodontal tissues, multiple diseases, and clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Centre for Dental Education and Research, Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Fuyuki Sato
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, Pathology Division, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan;
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Translational Cancer Research, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (U.K.B.)
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Waugh DT. Fluoride Exposure Induces Inhibition of Sodium/Iodide Symporter (NIS) Contributing to Impaired Iodine Absorption and Iodine Deficiency: Molecular Mechanisms of Inhibition and Implications for Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1086. [PMID: 30917615 PMCID: PMC6466022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is the plasma membrane glycoprotein that mediates active iodide transport in the thyroid and other tissues, such as the salivary, gastric mucosa, rectal mucosa, bronchial mucosa, placenta and mammary glands. In the thyroid, NIS mediates the uptake and accumulation of iodine and its activity is crucial for the development of the central nervous system and disease prevention. Since the discovery of NIS in 1996, research has further shown that NIS functionality and iodine transport is dependent on the activity of the sodium potassium activated adenosine 5'-triphosphatase pump (Na+, K+-ATPase). In this article, I review the molecular mechanisms by which F inhibits NIS expression and functionality which in turn contributes to impaired iodide absorption, diminished iodide-concentrating ability and iodine deficiency disorders. I discuss how NIS expression and activity is inhibited by thyroglobulin (Tg), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and how fluoride upregulates expression and activity of these biomarkers. I further describe the crucial role of prolactin and megalin in regulation of NIS expression and iodine homeostasis and the effect of fluoride in down regulating prolactin and megalin expression. Among many other issues, I discuss the potential conflict between public health policies such as water fluoridation and its contribution to iodine deficiency, neurodevelopmental and pathological disorders. Further studies are warranted to examine these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Timothy Waugh
- EnviroManagement Services, 11 Riverview, Doherty's Rd, Bandon, Co. Cork, P72 YF10, Ireland.
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Lee HJ, Arikawa K. Influence of Low Level Sodium Fluoride on Expression of IGF-1 and IGF-2 Protein in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes with Periodontitis Model. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.24.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Howon University
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
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Hu CY, Ren LQ, Li XN, Wu N, Li GS, Liu QY, Xu H. Effect of fluoride on insulin level of rats and insulin receptor expression in the MC3T3-E1 cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:297-305. [PMID: 22872571 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the role of insulin and insulin receptor (InsR) in the process of skeletal fluorosis, especially in osteogenic function, are rare. We evaluated the effect of increasing F⁻ doses on the marker of bone formation, serum insulin level and pancreatic secretion changes in vivo and mRNA expression of InsR and osteocalcin (OCN) in vitro. Wistar rats (n = 50) were divided into two groups, i.e. a control group and fluoride group. The fluoride groups were treated with fluoride by drinking tap water containing 100 mg F⁻/L. The fluoride ion-selective electrode measured the fluoride concentrations of femurs. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OCN, insulin and glucagon of serum were tested to observe the effect of fluoride action on them. Meantime, the pancreas pathological morphometry analysis via β cells stained by aldehyde fuchsin showed the action of fluoride on pancreas secretion. MC3T3-E1 cells (derived from newborn mouse calvaria) were exposed to varying concentrations and periods of fluoride. The mRNA expression of InsR and OCN was quantified with real-time PCR. Results showed that 1-year fluoride treatment obviously stimulated ALP activity and OCN level along with increase of bone fluoride concentration of rats, which indicated that fluoride obviously stimulated osteogenic action of rats. In vitro study, the dual effect of fluoride on osteoblast function is shown. On the other hand, there was a significant increase of serum insulin level and a general decrease of glucagon level, and the histomorphometry analysis indicated an elevated insulin-positive area and increase in islet size in rats treated with fluoride for 1 year. In addition, fluoride obviously facilitated the mRNA expression of InsR in vitro. To sum up, there existed a close relationship between insulin secretion and fluoride treatment. The insulin signal pathway might be involved in the underlying occurrence or development of skeletal fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Bejing Military Region, Beijing, 100700, China
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In vitro osteogenic properties of two dental implant surfaces. Int J Biomater 2012; 2012:181024. [PMID: 23118752 PMCID: PMC3478747 DOI: 10.1155/2012/181024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current dental implant research aims at understanding the biological basis for successful implant therapy. The aim of the study was to perform a full characterization of the effect of two commercial titanium (Ti) surfaces, OsseoSpeed and TiOblast, on the behaviour of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. The effect of these Ti surfaces was compared with tissue culture plastic (TCP). In vitro experiments were performed to evaluate cytotoxicity, cell morphology and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, gene expression, and release of a wide array of osteoblast markers. No differences were observed on cell viability and cell proliferation. However, changes were observed in cell shape after 2 days, with a more branched morphology on OsseoSpeed compared to TiOblast. Moreover, OsseoSpeed surface increased BMP-2 secretion after 2 days, and this was followed by increased IGF-I, BSP, and osterix gene expression and mineralization compared to TiOblast after 14 days. As compared to the gold standard TCP, both Ti surfaces induced higher osteocalcin and OPG release than TCP and differential temporal gene expression of osteogenic markers. The results demonstrate that the gain of using OsseoSpeed surface is an improved osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, without additional effects on cell viability or proliferation.
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In vivo expression of osteogenic markers and bone mineral density at the surface of fluoride-modified titanium implants. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3771-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tamer MN, Kale Köroğlu B, Arslan C, Akdoğan M, Köroğlu M, Cam H, Yildiz M. Osteosclerosis due to endemic fluorosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2007; 373:43-8. [PMID: 17182085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Endemic water borne fluorosis is a public health problem in Isparta, a city located in southern Turkey. In order to investigate the association between osteosclerosis and fluorosis, we retrospectively screened the results of lumbar spine and femur neck bone mineral density (BMD) of 1500 patients who were examined before, for any reason in between 2001-2003. Sixty nine patients (67 females and 2 males, mean age 52.6+/-10.2) with vertebra T-scores>or=+2 were found only except a patient with osteoid osteoma in the femur neck (femur T-score+6.64). Thirty-four of the patients could be reexamined with lateral vertebra BMD and investigated for fluorosis and the other etiologic causes of osteosclerosis. Of 34 patients, 14 had either mottled tooth enamel or urine fluoride level greater than 1.5 mg/l. Other etiologic causes were hypothyroidism (2), hypoparathyroidism (1), history of lumbar fracture (1), use of retinoids (1), vitamin D (7), oral calcium preparations (9), and bisphosphanates (3). Lateral lumbar vertebral T-score was greater than+2 in 12 patients (35.3%). Femur T-score was greater than+2 in 7 patients (20.6%). Fourteen patients (41.2%) had lateral vertebral or femur T-score>or=+2. Five (35.7%) of these patients had signs of fluorosis, as discussed before. Mean body mass index of individuals with fluorosis was 36.4+/-7.9 and this result was significantly higher than other osteosclerotic subjects (31.6+/-4.4). In conclusion we believe that approximately one third of the osteosclerosis in our region was due to endemic skeletal fluorosis and obesity may enhance this osteosclerotic type bone changes in endemic fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Numan Tamer
- Süleyman Demirel University Medical School, Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Isparta, Turkey.
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Bonjour JP, Ammann P, Chevalley T, Rizzoli R. Protein intake and bone growth. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY = REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYSIOLOGIE APPLIQUEE 2002; 26 Suppl:S153-66. [PMID: 11897891 DOI: 10.1139/h2001-050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Among osteotrophic nutrients, proteins play an important role in bone development, thereby influencing peak bone mass. Consequently, protein malnutrition during development can increase the risk of osteoporosis and of fragility fracture later in life. Both animal and human studies indicate that low protein intake can be detrimental for both the acquisition of bone mass during growth and its conservation during adulthood. Low protein intake impairs both the production and action of IGF-I (Insulin-like growth factor-I). IGF-I is an essential factor for bone longitudinal growth, as it stimulates proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate, and also for bone formation. It can be considered as a key factor in the adjustments of calcium-phosphate metabolism required for normal skeletal development and bone mineralization during growth. In healthy children and adolescents, a positive association between the amount of ingested proteins and bone mass gain was observed in both sexes at the level of the lumbar spine, the proximal femur and the midfemoral shaft. This association appears to be particularly significant in prepubertal children. This suggests that, like for the bone response to either the intake of calcium or weight-bearing exercise, the skeleton would be particularly responsive to the protein intake during the years preceding the onset of pubertal maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Bonjour
- Division of Bone Diseases, WHO Collaborating Center for Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
Malnutrition, most notably protein deficiency, contributes to the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures not only by decreasing bone mass but also by altering muscle function. Furthermore, malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity in patients with osteoporotic fractures. The somatomedin system (IGF-1) may be directly involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporotic hip fractures and their complications in elderly patients. A low IGF-1 level is a risk factor for hip fracture. In subjects with appropriate intakes of vitamin D and calcium, giving protein supplements to correct an inadequate spontaneous protein intake increases circulating IGF-1 levels, improves clinical outcomes after hip fracture, and prevents bone mineral density loss at the proximal femur. Supplemental protein also significantly reduces the length of inpatient rehabilitation care. These data emphasize the importance of adequate nutrient intake in the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rizzoli
- Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'ostéoporose et les Maladies Osseuses, Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland.
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