1
|
Mateus AP, Costa R, Gisbert E, Pinto PIS, Andree KB, Estévez A, Power DM. Thermal imprinting modifies bone homeostasis in cold challenged sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.). J Exp Biol 2017; 220:3442-3454. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.156174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fish are ectotherms and temperature plays a determinant role in their physiology, biology and ecology and is a driver of seasonal responses. The present study assessed how thermal imprinting during embryonic and larval stages modified the response of adult fish to low water temperature. We targeted the gilthead sea bream that develops a condition known as winter syndrome when it is exposed to low water temperatures. Eggs and larvae of sea bream were exposed to four different thermal regimes and then the response of the resulting adults to a low temperature challenge was assessed. Sea bream exposed to a high-low thermal regime as eggs and larvae (HLT, 22°C until hatch and then 18°C until larvae-juvenile transition) had increased plasma cortisol and lower sodium and potassium in response to a cold challenge compared to the other thermal history groups. Plasma glucose and osmolality were increased in cold challenge HLT fish relative to the unchallenged HLT fish. Cold challenge modified bone homeostasis/responsiveness in the low-high thermal regime group (LHT) relative to other groups and ocn, ogn1/2, igf1, gr and trα/β transcripts were all down-regulated. In the low temperature group (LT) and HLT group challenged with a low temperature, ALP/TRAP activities were decreased relative to unchallenged groups and bone calcium content also decreased in the LT group. Overall, the results indicate that thermal imprinting during early development of sea bream causes a change in the physiological response of adults to a cold challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Mateus
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Av. Dr. Adelino da Palma Carlos, 8000-510 Faro, Portugal
| | - Rita Costa
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Enric Gisbert
- Institute for Aquaculture and Food Technology Research (IRTA), 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Patricia I. S. Pinto
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Karl B. Andree
- Institute for Aquaculture and Food Technology Research (IRTA), 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Alicia Estévez
- Institute for Aquaculture and Food Technology Research (IRTA), 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Deborah M. Power
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yun-Kai L, Hui W, Xin-wei Z, Liang G, Jin-liang Z. The polymorphism of Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is related to osteoporosis and bone mineral density in postmenopausal population. Pak J Med Sci 2014; 30:131-5. [PMID: 24639846 PMCID: PMC3955557 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.301.4264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been shown that Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may be related with bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis. But there are few evidences on the role of genetic variation of IGF-1 on the BMD or osteoporosis. We observed the relationship between polymorphisms of IGF-1(rs35767, rs2288377 and rs5742612) with osteoporosis and BMD in the postmenopausal female population in our study. METHODS A total of 216 postmenopausal women with a primary diagnosis of osteoporosis and 220 normal healthy women were included in the study. Genomic DNA of IGF-1 rs35767, rs2288377 and rs5742612 was extracted from the whole blood using QIAamp blood DNA mini kits (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) according to the methods recommended by the manufacturer. RESULTS We found that T allele of rs35767 had higher increased risk of osteoporosis (OR=1.34, 95%CI=1.0-1.81). Those carrying T allele of rs35767 had a significant lower BMD at L1-L4 vertebrae, femoral neck, total hip and trochanter when compared with those carrying C allele (P < 0.05). In addition, the BMD of L1-L4 vertebrae, femoral neck, total hip and trochanter decreased by 2.09%, 3.74%, 3.52% and 2.54% in women carrying T alleles compared with those carrying C alleles. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that polymorphism in IGF-I rs35767 was significantly associated with BMD and osteoporosis in postmenopausal female population, and polymorphism of rs35767 could be a marker for lower BMD and risk of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yun-Kai
- Li Yun-Kai, The Fifth Surgical Department, The Fourth People’s Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Wang Hui
- Wang Hui, Department of Stomatology, Jinan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhu Xin-wei
- Zhu Xin-wei, The Fifth Surgical Department, The Fourth People’s Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Guo Liang
- Guo Liang, Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth People’s Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Zuo Jin-liang
- Zuo Jin-liang, The Fifth Surgical Department, The Fourth People’s Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jia T, Gama Axelsson T, Heimbürger O, Bárány P, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR. IGF-1 and survival in ESRD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 9:120-7. [PMID: 24178975 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.02470213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES IGF-1 deficiency links to malnutrition in CKD patients; however, it is not clear to what extent it associates with survival among these patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Serum IGF-1 and other biochemical, clinical (subjective global assessment), and densitometric (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) markers of nutritional status and mineral and bone metabolism were measured in a cohort of 365 Swedish clinically stable CKD stage 5 patients (median age of 53 years) initiating dialysis between 1994 and 2009; in 207 patients, measurements were also taken after 1 year of dialysis. Deaths were registered during a median follow-up of 5 years. Associations of mortality with baseline IGF-1 and changes of IGF-1 after 1 year of dialysis were evaluated by Cox models. RESULTS At baseline, IGF-1 concentrations associated negatively with age, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, poor nutritional status, IL-6, and osteoprotegerin and positively with body fat mass, bone mineral density, serum phosphate, calcium, and fibroblast growth factor-23. At 1 year, IGF-1 had increased by 33%. In multivariate regression, low age, diabetes mellitus, and high serum phosphate and calcium associated with IGF-1 at baseline, and in a mixed model, these factors, together with high fat body mass, associated with changes of IGF-1 during the first 1 year of dialysis. Adjusting for calendar year of inclusion, age, sex, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, IL-6, and poor nutritional status, a 1 SD higher level of IGF-1 at baseline associated with lower mortality risk (hazard ratio, 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.32 to 0.98). Persistently low or decreasing IGF-1 levels during the first 1 year on dialysis predicted worse survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 4.50). CONCLUSION In incident dialysis patients, low serum IGF-1 associates with body composition and markers of mineral and bone metabolism, and it predicts increased mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jia
- Divisions of Baxter Novum and Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Niemann I, Hannemann A, Nauck M, Spielhagen C, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H, Friedrich N. The association between insulin-like growth factor I and bone turnover markers in the general adult population. Bone 2013; 56:184-90. [PMID: 23792936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Growth hormone (GH) and its main mediator, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), play a fundamental role in human metabolism. Previous epidemiological studies investigating the association of IGF-I and bone turnover markers (BTMs) yielded conflicting results and were limited by study design or sample size. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between serum levels of IGF-I or the IGF-I/IGF binging protein 3 (IGFBP-3) ratio and levels of BTMs including procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (PINP), C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen (CTX), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP). METHODS Data from 1463 men and 1481 women who participated in the first follow-up of the Study of Health in Pomerania were used. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were measured using chemiluminescent immunometric assays on an Immulite 2500 analyzer. BTM levels were measured on the IDS-iSYS Multi-Discipline Automated Analyser. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and quantile regression models were calculated. RESULTS In men <55 years and premenopausal women ANOVA and quantile regression analyses revealed positive associations between IGF-I or even stronger the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio and PINP [per unit increase in IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio in men: beta (95%-CI) 2.33 ng/ml (0.91; 3.75), p < 0.01; women: 3.63 ng/ml (2.31; 4.95), p < 0.01] or CTX [men: 20.8 ng/l (3.5; 38.0), p = 0.02; women: 12.0 ng/l (-1.2; 25.2), p = 0.07]. Furthermore in postmenopausal women, IGF-I and the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were inversely related with CTX levels, whereas an inverse U-shaped relation between IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio and PINP was found. Regarding BAP, we observed borderline significant associations with IGF-I or the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio in older subjects only. CONCLUSION IGF-I levels and particularly free IGF-I, estimated by the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio, are positively related with PINP as a bone formation marker and CTX as a bone resorption marker in healthy adult men younger than 55 years and premenopausal women. In older subjects the found positive as well as negative relations with BTMs have to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Niemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Evaluation of bone mineral density loss in morbidly obese women after gastric bypass: 3-year follow-up. Obes Surg 2011; 21:465-72. [PMID: 21188546 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-010-0338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies that evaluate the influence of gastric bypass (RYGP) on bone mass are limited to short-term follow-up. We analysed changes in bone mineral density (BMD) three years after surgery and evaluated the main determinants of the development of bone disease. Prospective study of 59 morbidly obese white women aged 46 ± 8 years. BMD scanning using DEXA and plasma determinations of calcium, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and insulin-like growth factor-I were made prior, at 12 months and 3 years after surgery. In the first postoperative year BMD decreased at femoral neck (FN) 10.2 % and in the lumbar spine (LS) 3.2 %, in the third year it additionally decreased 2.7 % and 3.1 %, respectively. BMD at both sites remained above the values of women of the same age. In the follow-up, 1.7 % developed osteoporosis at FN and 6.8 % at LS. Patients with bone disease were older, the percentage of women with menopause was greater in this group and had lower initial and final values of lean mass. The percentage of BMD loss at FN remained positively associated with the percentage of lean mass loss [β 0.304, p=0.045], and menopause [β 0.337, p=0.025]. Major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture risk was low even in menopausal patients (3.1 % and 0.40 %, respectively). After RYGP menopausal women and those with greater lean mass loss are at higher risk of BMD loss but progression to osteoporosis is uncommon and the risk of fracture is low.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ohlsson C, Mellström D, Carlzon D, Orwoll E, Ljunggren O, Karlsson MK, Vandenput L. Older men with low serum IGF-1 have an increased risk of incident fractures: the MrOS Sweden study. J Bone Miner Res 2011; 26:865-72. [PMID: 21433071 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis-related fractures constitute a major health concern not only in women but also in men. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a key determinant of bone mass, but the association between serum IGF-1 and incident fractures in men remains unclear. To determine the predictive value of serum IGF-1 for fracture risk in men, older men (n = 2902, mean age of 75 years) participating in the prospective, population-based Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden study were followed for a mean of 3.3 years. Serum IGF-1 was measured at baseline by radioimmunoassay. Fractures occurring after the baseline visit were validated. In age-adjusted hazards regression analyses, serum IGF-1 associated inversely with risk of all fractures [hazard ratio (HR) per SD decrease = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.41], hip fractures (HR per SD decrease = 1.45, 95% CI 1.07-1.97), and clinical vertebral fractures (HR per SD decrease = 1.40, 95% CI 1.10-1-78). The predictive role of serum IGF-1 for fracture risk was unaffected by adjustment for height, weight, prevalent fractures, falls, and major prevalent diseases. Further adjustment for bone mineral density (BMD) resulted in an attenuated but still significant association between serum IGF-1 and fracture risk. Serum IGF-1 below but not above the median was inversely related to fracture incidence. The population-attributable risk proportion was 7.5% for all fractures and 22.9% for hip fractures. Taken together, older men with low serum IGF-1 have an increased fracture risk, especially for the two most important fracture types, hip and vertebral fractures. The association between serum IGF-1 and fracture risk is partly mediated via BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nishida Y, Matsubara T, Tobina T, Shindo M, Tokuyama K, Tanaka K, Tanaka H. Effect of low-intensity aerobic exercise on insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in healthy men. Int J Endocrinol 2010; 2010:452820. [PMID: 20885914 PMCID: PMC2946576 DOI: 10.1155/2010/452820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased concentrations of circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) or IGF-I relative to IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are associated with increased risk of developing several forms of cancer. Conversely, exercise is linked with reduced risk. This study aims to investigate the effect of a low-intensity exercise program on circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3, in previously sedentary males. Fourteen healthy men participated in cycle ergometer training at lactate threshold intensity for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks. After aerobic training, insulin sensitivity improved by 20%, while fasting insulin levels decreased by 13%. Simultaneously, low-intensity aerobic training decreased the circulating levels of IGF-I by 9%, while IGFBP-1 levels increased by 16%. An interesting finding was that higher pretraining level of IGF-I was associated with greater decline in IGF-I with training. Insulin-sensitizing low-intensity aerobic exercise is thus considered to be an effective method for downregulating IGF-I and upregulating IGFBP-1 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishida
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | | | - Takuro Tobina
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Munehiro Shindo
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tokuyama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
NINDL BRADLEYC, PIERCE JOSEPHR. Insulin-Like Growth Factor I as a Biomarker of Health, Fitness, and Training Status. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:39-49. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181b07c4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Adami S, Zivelonghi A, Braga V, Fracassi E, Gatti D, Rossini M, Ulivieri FM, Viapiana O. Insulin-like growth factor-1 is associated with bone formation markers, PTH and bone mineral density in healthy premenopausal women. Bone 2010; 46:244-7. [PMID: 19853071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone turnover markers (BTM) progressively decrease in young adult women. This might be linked to changes in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I). Four serum BTMs [serum C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), and bone alkaline phosphatase (bone AP)], serum calcium (sCa), phosphate (sPO(4)), magnesium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and IGF-I were measured in 531 young healthy premenopausal women aged 20-50 years participating in the BONTURNO study. In all subjects bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the spine and at the hip by dual-energy X-ray densitometry. Hip BMD, IGF-I, the four BTMs, sCa and sPO(4) progressively decreased with advancing age and this was associated with proportional increases in PTH. IGF-I levels were significantly and positively correlated with sCa, sPO(4), CTX, OC, P1NP, bone AP, spine BMD, femoral neck BMD and total hip BMD and negatively with age, BMI and serum PTH. When the IGF-I levels were adjusted for age and BMI, the only correlations maintaining a statistical significance were those with serum PTH, P1NP and bone AP. These associations were weak and IGF-I accounted for a only a small proportion of the BTM variance. The mean, age-adjusted IGF-I values were significantly higher in women practicing physical exercises for more then 60 min per week than in sedentary women. In conclusion, in this study we provide evidence of an association between the age-related decline in IGF-I with the progressive decrease in bone formation markers in premenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvano Adami
- Rheumatology Unit, Dpt. of Scienze biomediche e chirurgiche, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Relationship among insulinlike growth factor I concentrations, bone mineral density, and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women: a population-based study. Menopause 2009; 15:934-9. [PMID: 18451743 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31816665a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE : To assess the association among serum insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations, bone mineral density (BMD), and biochemical markers of bone turnover in a large group of postmenopausal women from the general population. DESIGN : As an extension of a larger epidemiological study, the Iranian Multicentral Osteoporosis Study, a total of 406 healthy postmenopausal women (age, 59.0 +/- 7.6 years) were randomly selected from 13 clusters in Bushehr Port. IGF-I, serum CrossLaps, degradation products of C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, and osteocalcin were measured by highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BMD was determined for the lumbar spine (L2-4) and proximal femur using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS : The mean (+/- SD) serum IGF-I concentration for all postmenopausal women was 183.35 +/- 65.60 ng/mL. In age-adjusted analyses, there was no correlation between IGF-I and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Compared with women in the lowest quartile of IGF-I, women in the highest quartile had a significantly greater means of osteocalcin (P = 0.04) and alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.01). Analysis by quartiles of IGF-I did not reveal an association with serum CrossLaps. CONCLUSIONS : Circulating IGF-I is associated with biochemical markers of bone formation, but there is no relationship among IGF-I, degradation products of C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, and BMD in postmenopausal women. Clearly more work will be needed before serum IGF-I can be used in clinical practice as a risk predictor for postmenopause-associated loss of bone mass.
Collapse
|
11
|
Parathyroid hormone is elevated but bone markers and density are normal
in young female subjects who consume inadequate dietary calcium. Br J Nutr 2007. [DOI: 10.1017/s000711450000129x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dietary Ca and osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH),
25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and sex
hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed simultaneously to bone mineral
density (BMD) in 200 adolescent girls (aged 11–15 years) and 100 young women
(aged 20–23 years), selected from the lowest and highest end of the Ca
intake distribution of a larger population sample. Ca intake was evaluated
by food frequency questionnaires, BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray
absorptiometry at ultradistal and proximal radius of non-dominant arm, bone
age was estimated from x-rays of left hand and wrist according to.
Surprisingly, mean Ca intakes were below the dietary reference intakes in
the subgroups of girls and women with the highest measured Ca consumption.
Postmenarcheal, but not premenarcheal girls showed radial densities as high
as the women and in no group was BMD associated with Ca intake. In all
adolescents serum PTH was negatively related to dietary Ca. In girls before
menarche IGF-I was positively associated with bone age, while in the same
subjects the negative relationship between SHBG and BMD pointed to the
crucial role of bioavailable sex steroids on bone mass apposition in early
puberty. OC levels decreased progressively with age, while serum 25-OH-D
significantly increased after menarche. In conclusion, although in
adolescents low Ca intake has not been shown to induce any immediate
deleterious effect on radial density, the compensatory hypersecretion of PTH
supports the need for an adequate Ca intake to achieve peak bone
mass.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamaguchi T, Kanatani M, Yamauchi M, Kaji H, Sugishita T, Baylink DJ, Mohan S, Chihara K, Sugimoto T. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF); IGF-binding proteins-3, -4, and -5; and their relationships to bone mineral density and the risk of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int 2006; 78:18-24. [PMID: 16397738 PMCID: PMC2904611 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-005-0163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Accepted: 09/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously found that serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, but not IFGBP-2, were associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of vertebral fractures. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of IGFBP-4 and -5 in age-dependent bone loss and vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal Japanese women and to compare them with those of IGF-I and IGFBP-3. One hundred and ninety-three Japanese women aged 46-88 years (mean 62.5) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, ultradistal radius (UDR), and total body by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum levels of IGFBP-4 and -5 as well as IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and IGFBP-5 declined with age, while serum IGFBP-4 increased with age. Multiple regression analysis was performed between BMD at each skeletal site and serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBPs adjusted for age, body weight, height, and serum creatinine. BMD at the UDR was significantly and positively correlated with all serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBPs measured (P < 0.01), while BMD at the femoral neck was correlated with none of them. Serum IGF-I level was significantly and positively correlated with BMD at all sites except the femoral neck (P < 0.01), while serum IGFBP-3 and -4 levels were significantly and positively correlated with only radial BMD (P < 0.01). Serum IGFBP-5 level was positively correlated with UDR BMD (P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with total BMD (P < 0.05). Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and IFGBP-5 levels were significantly lower in women with vertebral fractures than in those without fractures (mean +/- SD: 97.1 +/- 32.1 vs. 143.9 +/- 40.9 ng/dl, P < 0.0001; 2.18 +/- 1.02 vs. 3.23 +/- 1.07 microg/ml, P < 0.0001; 223.6 +/- 63.3 vs. 246.5 +/- 71.5 ng/ml, P = 0.0330, respectively). When multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with the presence of vertebral fractures as a dependent variable and serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBPs adjusted for age, body weight, height, serum creatinine, and serum alubumin as independent variables, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were selected as indices affecting the presence of vertebral fractures [odds ratio (OR) = 0.29, 95% confidential interval (CI) 0.15-0.57 per SD increase, P = 0.0003 and OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.16-0.61 per SD increase, P = 0.0007, respectively]. To compare the significance values, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and age were simultaneously added as independent variables in the analysis. IGFBP-3 was more strongly associated with the presence of vertebral fractures than IGF-I and age (P = 0.0006, P = 0.0148, and P = 0.0013, respectively). Thus, after comprehensive measurements of serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBPs, it seems that serum IGF-I level is most efficiently associated with bone mass and that serum IGFBP-3 level is most strongly associated with the presence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women among the IGF system components examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Yamaguchi
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - M. Kanatani
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Neurology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - M. Yamauchi
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - H. Kaji
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Neurology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - T. Sugishita
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Neurology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - D. J. Baylink
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Center (151), Jerry L. Pettis V.A. Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - S. Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Center (151), Jerry L. Pettis V.A. Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - K. Chihara
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Neurology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - T. Sugimoto
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Topaloglu AK, Yildizdas D, Yilmaz HL, Mungan NO, Yuksel B, Ozer G. Bone calcium changes during diabetic ketoacidosis: a comparison with lactic acidosis due to volume depletion. Bone 2005; 37:122-7. [PMID: 15869925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2004] [Revised: 03/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to compare bone calcium system changes from children with diabetic ketoacidosis or acute metabolic acidosis due to dehydration to find out the relative contribution of metabolic acidosis and diabetes-related factors on expected negative calcium balance. We studied a set of non-invasive parameters of bone remodeling in 16 children with diabetic ketoacidosis due to new onset type 1 diabetes and 25 children with acute metabolic acidosis due to dehydration complicating acute gastroenteritis before and after the correction of acidosis. The two groups of subjects were matched for age, sex, pubertal status, and degree of metabolic acidosis and dehydration. A group of 18 age and sex-matched healthy children served as the control group. Plasma ionized calcium levels were increased in both groups, significantly more so in diabetic ketoacidosis. While osteoblastic markers, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase, were depressed to a comparable degree in both groups, urinary calcium/creatinine ratio and hydroxyproline excretion were significantly greater in diabetic ketoacidosis. No significant changes in calcitrophic hormone (intact PTH, calcitonin, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3) levels were observed. All study parameters except for serum phosphate levels behaved in parallel in both clinical conditions, and abnormalities disappeared with the correction of acidosis except for IGF-1, which remained low in diabetic subjects. In conclusion, our results suggest that, in diabetic ketoacidosis, the observed severe negative calcium balance occurred through diminished bone formation mediated by metabolic acidosis per se and increased bone mineral dissolution and bone resorption because of severe insulin deficiency and secondarily via metabolic acidosis. Observed changes appear to be independent of calcitrophic hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kemal Topaloglu
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali, Adana 10330, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ruetsche AG, Kneubuehl R, Birkhaeuser MH, Lippuner K. Cortical and trabecular bone mineral density in transsexuals after long-term cross-sex hormonal treatment: a cross-sectional study. Osteoporos Int 2005; 16:791-8. [PMID: 15502960 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-004-1754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2003] [Accepted: 08/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of long-term cross-sex hormonal treatment on cortical and trabecular bone mineral density and main biochemical parameters of bone metabolism in transsexuals. Twenty-four male-to-female (M-F) transsexuals and 15 female-to-male (F-M) transsexuals treated with either an antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen or parenteral testosterone were included in this cross-sectional study. BMD was measured by DXA at distal tibial diaphysis (TDIA) and epiphysis (TEPI), lumbar spine (LS), total hip (HIP) and subregions, and whole body (WB) and Z-scores determined for both the genetic and the phenotypic gender. Biochemical parameters of bone turnover, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and sex hormone levels were measured in all patients. M-F transsexuals were significantly older, taller and heavier than F-M transsexuals. They were treated by cross-sex hormones during a median of 12.5 years before inclusion. As compared with female age-matched controls, they showed a significantly higher median Z-score at TDIA and WB (1.7+/-1.0 and 1.8+/-1.1, P < 0.01) only. Based on the WHO definition, five (who did not comply with cross-sex hormone therapy) had osteoporosis. F-M transsexuals were treated by cross-sex hormones during a median of 7.6 years. They had significantly higher median Z-scores at TEPI, TDIA and WB compared with female age-matched controls (+0.9+/-0.2 SD, +1.0+/-0.4 SD and +1.4+/-0.3 SD, respectively, P < 0.0001 for all) and reached normal male levels except at TEPI. They had significantly higher testosterone and IGF-1 levels (p < 0.001) than M-F transsexuals. We conclude that in M-F transsexuals, BMD is preserved over a median of 12.5 years under antiandrogen and estrogen combination therapy, while in F-M transsexuals BMD is preserved or, at sites rich in cortical bone, is increased to normal male levels under a median of 7.6 years of androgen treatment in this cross sectional study. IGF-1 could play a role in the mediation of the effect of androgens on bone in F-M transsexuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian G Ruetsche
- Osteoporosis Unit, University Hospital of Berne, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) has a major role in the maintenance of bone mass in adults by regulating bone remodeling through a complex interaction of circulating GH, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF binding protein (IGFBPs), and locally produced IGFs and IGFBPs, acting in an autocrine and paracrine way. In vitro data has greatly increased our understanding of GH and IGFs effects and regulation in bone cells under controlled conditions, and especially the molecular pathways involved. However, the GH-and type I IGF-receptor are present in many tissues and various systemic factors may potentially regulate local expression of IGFs and IGFBPs in the intact organism. The use of genetically altered mice has changed this and had a major impact on defining the role of IGFs in skeletal homeostasis, and especially the role of systemic IGF-I in the development and maintenance of the adult skeleton. The focus of this review is to describe recent work on the effect of GH/IGF on remodeling in the adult skeleton emphasizing on data obtained in patient populations (i.e. acromegaly, GH deficiency, postmenopausal osteoporosis) and experimental models (i.e. animals with genetically altered expression of different GH and IGF family members) characterized by different systemic levels of these proteins. The role of IGF-I as a coupling agent between resorption and bone formation through effects on osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NFkappaB ligand (RANKL) are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thor Ueland
- Section of Endocrinology, Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, room D1.2017, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mezquita-Raya P, Muñoz-Torres M, Alonso G, de Luna JD, Quesada JM, Dorado G, Luque-Recio F, Ruiz-Requena ME, Lopez-Rodriguez F, Escobar-Jiménez F. Susceptibility for postmenopausal osteoporosis: interaction between genetic, hormonal and lifestyle factors. Calcif Tissue Int 2004; 75:373-9. [PMID: 15592793 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-004-0187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2003] [Accepted: 03/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies have established the importance of genetic, hormonal and lifestyle factors separately, the integral role of these factors on bone mass in postmenopausal women is still controversial. We examined the association of the collagen 1-alpha-1 gene (COLIA1) and vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms, s-IGF-I, s-25OHD and lifestyle factors with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. We determined anthropometric parameters, lifestyle factors, serum levels of IGF-I and 25OHD, the COLIA1 Sp1 (Mscl) and VDR (Bsml, Taql) polymorphisms by PCR and BMD by dual X-ray absorptiometry in 141 ambulatory postmenopausal Spanish women. There were significant linear correlations between S-25OHD and BMD and between s-IGF-I and BMD. BMD was statistically higher in active subjects. Of the three different polymorphisms, only the COLIA1 Sp1 polymorphism was significantly associated with BMD. In the logistic regression model, the COLIA1 Sp1 polymorphism, S-25OHD, s-IGF-I and physical activity variables were independently associated with osteoporosis. Our study shows that COLIA1 Sp1 polymorphism, S-25OHD and s-IGF-I serum levels and physical activity are independently associated with BMD in postmenopausal Spanish women.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ueland T, Brixen K, Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L, Flyvbjerg A, Bollerslev J. Age-related changes in cortical bone content of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, IGFBP-5, osteoprotegerin, and calcium in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:1014-8. [PMID: 12629078 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2002-020977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Serum GH and IGF-I levels decline with increasing age, whereas osteoprotegerin (OPG) increases. IGFs as well as OPG are present in bone matrix and mediate the effects of many upstream hormones (e.g. estrogen). To evaluate whether changes in these proteins may to some extent explain the decrease in bone mass in postmenopausal or senile osteoporosis, we measured bone contents of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3, IGFBP-5, and OPG in combined extracts obtained after EDTA and guanidine hydrochloride extraction in 60 postmenopausal women aged 47-74 (mean, 63) yr with a previous distal forearm fracture and a hip or spine Z-score less than 0. We found age-related increases in IGFBP-3 (r = 0.35; P < 0.01), IGFBP-5 (r = 0.59; P < 0.001), and OPG (r = 0.36; P < 0.01) in cortical bone, significantly inversely correlated with femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD. A correlation between age and OPG was also detected in trabecular bone (r = 0.27; P < 0.05). A pronounced age-related decrease in cortical calcium contents (r = -0.60; P < 0.001), positively correlated with femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD, was also found. No age-related changes were detected for IGF-I or IGF-II. The present study demonstrates age-related changes in cortical bone contents of IGFBPs, calcium, and OPG, possibly related to the pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. As for OPG, our findings probably represent compensatory responses to increased osteoclastic resorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thor Ueland
- Department of Endocrinology, and Research Institute for Internal Medicine National, University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tala de Souza EM, de Sousa LM, Arruda SF, de Almeida Siqueira EM. Protein improves the bioavailability of calcium and phosphorus from an alternative dietary supplement in rats. Nutr Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0271-5317(02)00401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
19
|
Nindl BC, Scoville CR, Sheehan KM, Leone CD, Mello RP. Gender differences in regional body composition and somatotrophic influences of IGF-I and leptin. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2002; 92:1611-8. [PMID: 11896028 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00892.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the arm, trunk, and leg for fat mass, lean soft tissue mass, and bone mineral content (BMC) assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a group of age-matched (approximately 29 yr) men (n = 57) and women (n = 63) and determined their relationship to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and leptin. After analysis of covariance adjustment to control for differences in body mass between genders, the differences that persisted (P < or = 0.05) were for lean soft tissue mass of the arm (men: 7.1 kg vs. women: 6.4 kg) and fat mass of the leg (men: 5.3 kg vs. women: 6.8 kg). Men and women had similar (P > or = 0.05) values for fat mass of the arms and trunk and lean soft tissue mass of the legs and trunk. Serum IGF-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 correlated (P < or = 0.05) with all measures of BMC (r values ranged from 0.31 to 0.39) and some measures of lean soft tissue mass for women (r = 0.30) but not men. Leptin correlated (P < or = 0.05) similarly for measures of fat mass for both genders (r values ranging from 0.74 to 0.85) and for lean soft tissue mass of the trunk (r = 0.40) and total body (r = 0.32) for men and for the arms in women (r = 0.56). These data demonstrate that 1) the main phenotypic gender differences in body composition are that men have more of their muscle mass in their arms and women have more of their fat mass in their legs and 2) gender differences exist in the relationship between somatotrophic hormones and lean soft tissue mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley C Nindl
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sowers M, Scholl T, Grewal J, Chen X, Jannausch M. IGF-I, osteocalcin, and bone change in pregnant normotensive and pre-eclamptic women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:5898-903. [PMID: 11739461 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.12.8114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy disorder of uncertain etiology that affects 5-10% of all pregnancies, with symptoms typically presenting around or after 20 wk gestation. We hypothesized that IGF-I, osteocalcin, and bone loss would be different among women with pre-eclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women. There were 962 pregnant healthy women, aged 12-35, who were assessed at entry to care, at 28 wk, and at delivery for osteocalcin and IGF-I concentrations. Bone ultrasound was measured at entry to care and at 6 wk postpartum, whereas bone mineral density was measured by dual x-ray densitometry at delivery. There were 64 women (6.7%) among the women being followed who developed pre-eclampsia. In women with pre-eclampsia, IGF-I concentrations were 74% greater in the third trimester compared with the first trimester, whereas there was little change in osteocalcin concentrations. In contrast, normotensive women had an average increase of 43% in IGF-I concentrations accompanied by a 63% decline in osteocalcin concentrations. In women with pre-eclampsia, IGF-I and osteocalcin concentrations were significantly correlated (r = 0.48 and 0.43) at both the first and third trimester time points, but only in the third trimester among normotensive women (r = 0.27). The bone change difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Women with pre-eclampsia appear to have an exaggerated IGF-I responsiveness compared with women who are normotensive; however, the strong correlation between IGF-I and osteocalcin in women with pre-eclampsia suggests that the IGF-I is able to retain its role as a local regulator of bone remodeling, as indicated by the osteocalcin concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sowers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Muñoz-Torres M, Mezquita-Raya P, Lopez-Rodriguez F, Torres-Vela E, de Dios Luna J, Escobar-Jimenez F. The contribution of IGF-I to skeletal integrity in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001; 55:759-66. [PMID: 11895218 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pathogenic role of the decline in serum concentrations of IGF-I in postmenopausal osteoporosis is not fully elucidated. We investigated the associations among IGF-I, bone mineral density (BMD), ultrasound parameters and prevalence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PATIENTS One hundred and fifty-four ambulatory postmenopausal women (61 +/- 7 years) referred for osteoporosis screening. MEASUREMENTS IGF-I was measured by radioimmunoassay and BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) at calcaneus were measured by a quantitative ultrasound system. RESULTS IGF-I was significantly lower in osteoporotic subjects and correlated positively with BMD, BUA and SOS. After adjusting for age, years since menopause and body mass index, IGF-I accounted for 8.5% of the variance at lumbar spine BMD, 4.6% at femoral neck and 7.1% at calcaneal BUA. BUA was associated with IGF-I independently of BMD. IGF-I was lower in women with vertebral fractures (91 +/- 39 microg/l vs. 114 +/- 44 microg/l; P = 0.003). The osteoporosis densitometric criteria (t-score < or = -2.5 SD) was the most strongly independent associated variable with prevalent vertebral fractures [odds ratio (OR): 3.3 (1.4-7.6)], followed by IGF-I levels below 75th percentile [OR: 3 (1-8.8)]. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that IGF-I is strongly associated with bone mineral density and reflects aspects of bone quality. The contribution of IGF-I to skeletal integrity in postmenopausal women is clinically relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Muñoz-Torres
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Torrisi R, Baglietto L, Johansson H, Veronesi G, Bonanni B, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Ballardini B, Decensi A. Effect of raloxifene on IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2001; 85:1838-41. [PMID: 11747323 PMCID: PMC2364027 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2001.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect on the IGF system of 60 mg and 600 mg daily of raloxifene administered for 2 weeks prior to surgery was investigated in 37 postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Raloxifene significantly decreased insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) as compared to placebo (P < 0.05) with no dose-response relationship. No significant change was observed in IGFBP-3, while the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio was decreased by treatment, with a statistically significant effect only for the higher dose. Given that high plasma levels of IGF-I have been suggested as a risk factor for breast cancer, these findings provide further support for the potential activity of raloxifene in breast cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Torrisi
- Division of Chemoprevention, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ormarsdóttir S, Mallmin H, Olofsson H, Blum WF, Lööf L. Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in patients with chronic liver disease: lack of correlation with bone mineral density. LIVER 2001; 21:123-8. [PMID: 11318981 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0676.2001.021002123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels are low in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and have been found to correlate with measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) in men with viral cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between circulating IGF-I levels and BMD in patients with CLD of other causes. METHODS Fifty-eight patients with CLD were included. Age- and sex-matched normal individuals served as controls. Serum levels of IGF-I and IGF-II and their binding proteins (IGFBP-1-3) were measured by radioimmunoassay. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS IGF-I levels were 57+/-33 and 136+/-48 ng/ml; p<0.0001 in patients and controls, respectively. IGF-II and IGFBP-3 levels were lower (p<0.0001) and IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 levels were higher in patients compared with controls (p<0.0005 and p<0.0001, respectively). All growth factors, except for IGFBP-2, correlated with parameters of liver function. In a multiple regression analysis, adjusting for age, no correlation was found between IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1-3 and BMD in either patients or controls. CONCLUSION Patients with CLD have low levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3 that correlate with liver function. No relationship was found between low levels of growth factors and BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ormarsdóttir
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Martini G, Valenti R, Giovani S, Franci B, Campagna S, Nuti R. Influence of insulin-like growth factor-1 and leptin on bone mass in healthy postmenopausal women. Bone 2001; 28:113-7. [PMID: 11165951 DOI: 10.1016/s8756-3282(00)00408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the influence of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and serum leptin on bone mass as well as modulation of bone mass during skeletal development. Moreover, an inverse relationship between IGF-1 and leptin is reported. To evaluate the effects of serum IGF-1 and serum leptin on bone mass in healthy postmenopausal women, and the possible role of IGF-1 in leptin production, we studied a population of 123 women, aged 39-82 years. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by whole-body dual-energy X ray absorptiometry, which also enables measurement of body composition. Bone metabolism was assessed by measuring serum total alkaline phosphatase (TAP) and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine (HP/Cr) excretion. IGF-1 correlated significantly with age (r = -0.28, p < 0.01) and years since menopause (r = -0.24, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was also found with weight and body mass index (r = -0.15, p < 0.05 and r = -0.19, p < 0.05, respectively). Leptin values were strongly correlated with weight (r = 0.7, p < 0.01), BMI (r = 0.7, p < 0.01), fat mass (r = 0.77, p < 0.01), and lean mass (r = 0.39, p < 0.01); a significant correlation was found with total body BMD (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), TAP (r = 0.15, p < 0.05), and HP/Cr (r = 0.18, p < 0.05). After adjustment for BMI, the significance of these relationships disappeared, demonstrating the lack of effect of serum leptin on BMD and bone turnover independent of body weight. On the other hand, the relationship between BMD and fat mass remained statistically significant after adjusting for serum leptin (r = 0.15, p < 0.05). Controlling for BMI eliminated the significant inverse correlation between IGF-1 and leptin; significant differences in leptin levels were found among women in the lower and higher quartile of IGF-1, suggesting that leptin production may be inhibited only at high values of serum IGF-1. We conclude that serum IGF-1 and serum leptin have no direct effect on bone mass and bone turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Martini
- Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu Y, Kumar R. Parathyroid hormone regulates transforming growth factor beta1 and beta2 synthesis in osteoblasts via divergent signaling pathways. J Bone Miner Res 2000; 15:879-84. [PMID: 10804017 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.5.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone 1-34 [PTH(1-34)] was shown to increase transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and TGF-beta2 concentrations in supernatants of cultured human osteoblasts and to increase TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 messenger RNA (mRNA) concentrations and gene transcription in these cells. Because PTH(1-34) activates both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA) pathways in osteoblasts, we investigated the role of each kinase pathway in activation of TGF-beta isoforms. PTH(29-32), which activates the PKC pathway in rat osteoblasts, increased TGF-beta1 but not TGF-beta2 concentrations in supernatants of osteoblasts. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a PKC agonist, increased TGF-beta1 but not TGF-beta2 concentrations. Specific PKC antagonists safingol and Gö6976 attenuated PTH(1-34)-mediated increases in TGF-beta1 but not TGF-beta2 synthesis. PTH(1-31), which increases PKA activity in several cell culture systems, increased TGF-beta2 but not TGF-beta1 concentrations in human osteoblast supernatants. Forskolin, a PKA agonist, increased TGF-beta2 but not TGF-beta1 concentrations in supernatants of human osteoblasts. The PKA antagonist H-89 blunted PTH(1-34)-mediated increases in TGF-beta2 but not TGF-beta1 synthesis. Our results are consistent with the concept that PTH increases TGF-beta1 expression and secretion by pathways that involve the PKC pathway, whereas it increases TGF-beta2 expression and secretion via the PKA pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic/Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The link between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and postmenopausal osteoporosis remains controversial. In this study of healthy postmenopausal women, decreased serum concentrations of IGF-1 were strongly associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures independently of bone-mineral density.
Collapse
|
27
|
Inoue M, Tanaka H, Moriwake T, Oka M, Sekiguchi C, Seino Y. Altered biochemical markers of bone turnover in humans during 120 days of bed rest. Bone 2000; 26:281-6. [PMID: 10710002 DOI: 10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microgravity induces significant and progressive bone loss in both humans and animals. This is the consequence of disturbed bone remodeling. We performed a bed rest experiment to simulate microgravity and tried to clarify bone metabolism by measuring biochemical markers of bone turnover. Six healthy volunteers participated in 120 days of bed rest. The parameters of calcium homeostasis, calcitropic hormones, and biochemical markers of bone turnover were examined. After ambulatory control evaluation, all subjects underwent 120 days of bed rest. Metabolic evaluation was performed in a baseline period, and on days 7, 16, 50, 72, 92, and 108 during bed rest, and on days 10 and 25 during a recovery period. Bed rest induced an increase in urinary calcium (Ca) excretion and serum Ca and bone resorption markers. Urine pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline, and type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide increased more rapidly than urinary Ca excretion and serum Ca. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) increased even in the recovery period. Carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I collagen, a bone formation marker, significantly decreased on days 50, 92, and 108 of bed rest. These changes of biochemical markers of bone metabolism, except for TRAP, rapidly returned toward control levels in the recovery period. Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone showed a modest decrease during bed rest and a significant increase in the recovery period. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and its binding protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, increased during bed rest, indicating the possibility of resistance to IGF-I in bones under reduced mechanical stress and strain. Bone loss from unloading results from the combination of acceleration of bone resorption and subsequent retardation of bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Medical School, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|