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MacFarlane PM, Martin RJ, Di Fiore JM, Raffay TM, Tatsuoka C, Chen Z, Minich N, Quintas G, Sánchez-Illana Á, Kuligowski J, Piñeiro-Ramos JD, Vento M, Hibbs AM. Plasma serotonergic biomarkers are associated with hypoxemia events in preterm neonates. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1436-1443. [PMID: 37188799 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxemia is a physiological manifestation of immature respiratory control in preterm neonates, which is likely impacted by neurotransmitter imbalances. We investigated relationships between plasma levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT), metabolites of tryptophan (TRP), and parameters of hypoxemia in preterm neonates. METHODS TRP, 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and kynurenic acid (KA) were analyzed in platelet-poor plasma at ~1 week and ~1 month of life from a prospective cohort of 168 preterm neonates <31 weeks gestational age (GA). Frequency of intermittent hypoxemia (IH) events and percent time hypoxemic (<80%) were analyzed in a 6 h window after the blood draw. RESULTS At 1 week, infants with detectable plasma 5-HT had fewer IH events (OR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.29, 0.31)) and less percent time <80% (OR (95% CI) = 0.54 (0.31, 0.95)) compared to infants with undetectable 5-HT. A similar relationship occurred at 1 month. At 1 week, infants with higher KA showed greater percent time <80% (OR (95% CI) = 1.90 (1.03, 3.50)). TRP, 5-HIAA or KA were not associated with IH frequency at either postnatal age. IH frequency and percent time <80% were positively associated with GA < 29 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Circulating neuromodulators 5-HT and KA might represent biomarkers of immature respiratory control contributing to hypoxemia in preterm neonates. IMPACT Hypoxemia events are frequent in preterm infants and are associated with poor outcomes. Mechanisms driving hypoxemia such as immature respiratory control may include central and peripheral imbalances in modulatory neurotransmitters. This study found associations between the plasma neuromodulators serotonin and kynurenic acid and parameters of hypoxemia in preterm neonates. Imbalances in plasma biomarkers affecting respiratory control may help identify neonates at risk of short- and long-term adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mathew MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Richard John Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Juliann Marie Di Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas Michael Raffay
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Curtis Tatsuoka
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zhengyi Chen
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nori Minich
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guillermo Quintas
- Health and Biomedicine, Leitat Technological Center, Carrer de la Innovació, 2, 08225, Terrassa, Spain
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avda Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Sánchez-Illana
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), University & Polytechnic Hospita La Fe (HULAFE), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, Universtitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), University & Polytechnic Hospita La Fe (HULAFE), Valencia, Spain
| | - José David Piñeiro-Ramos
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), University & Polytechnic Hospita La Fe (HULAFE), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), University & Polytechnic Hospita La Fe (HULAFE), Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Maria Hibbs
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Lim SG, Seo SE, Park SJ, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim KH, An JE, Kwon OS. Real-time monitoring of serotonin with highly selective aptamer-functionalized conducting polymer nanohybrids. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:31. [PMID: 35829851 PMCID: PMC9279540 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Adequate serotonin levels are pivotal to human well-being; thus, serotonin can be used as a biomarker because it regulates a wide range of physical and psychological functions. As an imbalance of serotonin is highly likely to initiate the pathogenesis of various disorders, monitoring serotonin levels in real time is in high demand for the early detection of disease. We fabricated a field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor based on aptamer-immobilized conducting polymer nanohybrids, which showed an instantaneous response toward serotonin in solution. The mechanism of serotonin detection was based on aptamer deformation after aptamer-ligand interaction and the consequential decrease in the charge carrier density of the FET template. Docking simulations with AutoDock/Vina and PyMOL were successfully used to investigate the binding site of serotonin in the loop structure of the aptamer. The fabricated FET template showed high sensitivity toward serotonin in the range of 10 fM to 100 nM, and the limit of detection (LOD) was exceptionally low at 10 fM. Moreover, the selectivity toward serotonin was confirmed by observing no signal after the injection of structural analogs, functional analogs and excess physiological biomolecules. The potential clinical application of this sensor was confirmed because it remained consistent when the buffer solution was exchanged for artificial serum or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). † S.G.L. and S.E.S. contributed equally to this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Gi Lim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Seo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Park
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai Eun An
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seok Kwon
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology (Major), University of Science & Technology (UST), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Karbownik MS, Hicks SD. The Association of Salivary Serotonin With Mood and Cardio-Autonomic Function: A Preliminary Report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:788153. [PMID: 35711584 PMCID: PMC9193578 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.788153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin plays an important role in mood regulation and depression. However, it is not clear whether the levels of serotonin in saliva are related to current mood. AIM To test the association of salivary serotonin concentrations with mood, as well as cardiovascular and autonomic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva samples were obtained from collegiate runners and output parameters were examined before and after physical activity. RESULTS Salivary serotonin concentration was negatively associated with current mood (β = -0.32, 95%CI -0.62 to -0.02, p = 0.037, analysis adjusted for potential confounders), but insignificantly with measured cardiovascular and autonomic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Salivary serotonin may reflect current mood. The results are preliminary and require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven Daniel Hicks
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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Jary JM, Bravender T. 50 Years Ago in TheJournalofPediatrics: The Ever Elusive Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Blood Test. J Pediatr 2021; 233:182. [PMID: 34030835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Jary
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Terrill Bravender
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Association of Peripheral Plasma Neurotransmitters with Cognitive Performance in Chronic High-altitude Exposure. Neuroscience 2021; 463:97-107. [PMID: 33540052 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long-term living at high altitude causes significant impairment of cognitive function. Central neurotransmitters are potential mediators of cognitive performance. We aimed to determine whether there were significant associations between select peripheral plasma neurotransmitters and cognitive performance in humans with chronic high-altitude (HA) exposure and to determine the association between peripheral plasma neurotransmitters and brain neurotransmitters in rats after chronic hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure. We demonstrated that 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (DOPA), dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and GABA in the peripheral plasma were associated with cognitive performance in humans with HA exposure. Consistent with this result, peripheral plasma DOPA, dopamine, serotonin, 5-HIAA and glutamate were associated with brain neurotransmitter levels after chronic HH exposure in rats. These results provide experimental data indicating that neurotransmitter levels and cognitive performance are modified in chronic high-altitude exposure, with a possible causal effect.
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Karbownik MS, Kręczyńska J, Wiktorowska-Owczarek A, Kwarta P, Cybula M, Stilinović N, Pietras T, Kowalczyk E. Decrease in Salivary Serotonin in Response to Probiotic Supplementation With Saccharomyces boulardii in Healthy Volunteers Under Psychological Stress: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:800023. [PMID: 35069447 PMCID: PMC8772029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial probiotics are thought to exert a serotonergic effect relevant to their potential antidepressant and pro-cognitive action, but yeast probiotics have not been tested. The aim of the present study was to determine whether 30-day supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii affects the level of salivary serotonin under psychological stress and identify the factors associated with it. METHODS Healthy medical students were randomized to ingest Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 or placebo before a stressful event. Salivary serotonin concentration was assessed before and at the end of supplementation. Moreover, obtained results were compared to psychological, biochemical, physiological and sociodemographic study participants data. RESULTS Data of thirty-two participants (22.8 ± 1.7 years of age, 16 males) was available for the main analysis. Supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii decreased salivary serotonin concentration under psychological stress by 3.13 (95% CI 0.20 to 6.07) ng/mL, p = 0.037, as compared to placebo. Salivary serotonin was positively correlated with salivary metanephrine (β = 0.27, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.52, p = 0.031) and pulse rate (β = 0.28, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.50, p = 0.018), but insignificantly with anxiety, depression, eating attitudes and information retrieval. CONCLUSIONS Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 may be distinct from bacterial probiotics in its salivary serotonergic effect, which appears positively linked to symapathoadrenal markers. The study requires cautious interpretation, and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Seweryn Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
- *Correspondence: Michał Seweryn Karbownik,
| | - Joanna Kręczyńska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Paulina Kwarta
- Psychiatric Ward for Adolescents, Babinski Specialist Psychiatric Healthcare Center, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cybula
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Aging and Metabolism Program, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Nebojša Stilinović
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Current methods for stress marker detection in saliva. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113604. [PMID: 32957066 PMCID: PMC7474833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of relevant biomarkers in stress conditions. Reference ranges of biomarkers in normal conditions. Saliva as easy-accessible specimen. Review of analytical methods for biomarker determination in saliva. Possibilities for design of point-of-care devices.
Stress and stress-related diseases are leading to drastic consequences in private and professional life. Therefore, the need for stress prevention strategies is of personal and economic interest. Especially during the recent period related to covid-19 outbreak and lock-down, an ongoing discussion of increasing stress etiology is reported. Biomarker analysis may help to assist diagnosis and classification of stress-related diseases and therefore support therapeutical decisions. Due to its non-invasive sampling, the analysis of saliva has become highly attractive compared to the detection methods in other specimen. This review article summarizes the status of research, innovative approaches, and trends. Scientific literature published since 2011 was excerpted with concentration on the detection of up to seven promising marker substances. Most often reported cortisol represents the currently best evaluated stress marker, while norepinephrine (noradrenaline) or its metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol is also a quite commonly considered stress marker. Other complementary stress marker candidates are testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfonated analogue DHEA-S, alpha-amylase, secretory immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A. Several working groups are researching in the field of stress marker detection to develop reliable, fast, and affordable methods. Analytical methods reported mainly focused on immunological and electrochemical as well as chromatographic methods hyphenated to mass spectrometric detection to yield the required detection limits.
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