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Rostami M, Farahani P, Esmaelian S, Bahman Z, Fadel Hussein A, A Alrikabi H, Hosseini Hooshiar M, Yasamineh S. The Role of Dental-derived Stem Cell-based Therapy and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome-induced Tissue Damage. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10770-y. [PMID: 39150646 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to an increased risk of post-acute sequelae affecting the pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ systems. Up to 20% of COVID-19 patients may proceed to a more serious form, such as severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or pulmonary fibrosis. Still, the majority of patients may only have mild, self-limiting sickness. Of particular concern is the possibility of parenchymal fibrosis and lung dysfunction in long-term COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, it has been observed that up to 43% of individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 also had acute renal injury (AKI). Care for kidney, brain, lung, cardiovascular, liver, ocular, and tissue injuries should be included in post-acute COVID-19 treatment. As a powerful immunomodulatory tool in regenerative medicine, dental stem cells (DSCs) have drawn much interest. Numerous immune cells and cytokines are involved in the excessive inflammatory response, which also has a significant effect on tissue regeneration. A unique reservoir of stem cells (SCs) for treating acute lung injury (ALI), liver damage, neurological diseases, cardiovascular issues, and renal damage may be found in tooth tissue, according to much research. Moreover, a growing corpus of in vivo research is connecting DSC-derived extracellular vesicles (DSC-EVs), which are essential paracrine effectors, to the beneficial effects of DSCs. DSC-EVs, which contain bioactive components and therapeutic potential in certain disorders, have been shown as potentially effective therapies for tissue damage after COVID-19. Consequently, we explore the properties of DSCs in this work. Next, we'll look at how SARS-CoV-2 affects tissue damage. Lastly, we have looked at the use of DSCs and DSC-EVs in managing COVID-19 and chronic tissue damage, such as injury to the heart, brain, lung, and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Rostami
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Farahani
- Doctor of Dental Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samar Esmaelian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahman
- Faculty of dentistry, Belarusian state medical university, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Hareth A Alrikabi
- Collage of Dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | | | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
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Xie ZJ, Yuan BW, Chi MM, Hong J. Focus on seed cells: stem cells in 3D bioprinting of corneal grafts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1423864. [PMID: 39050685 PMCID: PMC11267584 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1423864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal opacity is one of the leading causes of severe vision impairment. Corneal transplantation is the dominant therapy for irreversible corneal blindness. However, there is a worldwide shortage of donor grafts and consequently an urgent demand for alternatives. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an innovative additive manufacturing technology for high-resolution distribution of bioink to construct human tissues. The technology has shown great promise in the field of bone, cartilage and skin tissue construction. 3D bioprinting allows precise structural construction and functional cell printing, which makes it possible to print personalized full-thickness or lamellar corneal layers. Seed cells play an important role in producing corneal biological functions. And stem cells are potential seed cells for corneal tissue construction. In this review, the basic anatomy and physiology of the natural human cornea and the grafts for keratoplasties are introduced. Then, the applications of 3D bioprinting techniques and bioinks for corneal tissue construction and their interaction with seed cells are reviewed, and both the application and promising future of stem cells in corneal tissue engineering is discussed. Finally, the development trends requirements and challenges of using stem cells as seed cells in corneal graft construction are summarized, and future development directions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-jun Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-wei Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao-miao Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Shetty R, Mahendran K, Joshi PD, Jeyabalan N, Jayadev C, Das D. Corneal stromal regeneration-keratoconus cell therapy: a review. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3051-3065. [PMID: 37074409 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratoconus is a corneal ectatic disease caused by stromal thinning leading to astigmatism and progressive loss of vision. Loss of the keratocytes and excessive degradation of collagen fibres by matrix metalloproteinases are the molecular signatures of the disease. Despite several limitations, corneal collagen cross-linking and keratoplasty are the most widely used treatment options for keratoconus. In the pursuit of alternative treatment modalities, clinician scientists have explored cell therapy paradigms for treating the condition. METHODS Articles pertaining to keratoconus cell therapy with relevant key words were used to search in PubMed, Researchgate, and Google Scholar. The articles were selected based on their relevance, reliability, publication year, published journal, and accessibility. RESULTS Various cellular abnormalities have been reported in keratoconus. Diverse cell types such as mesenchymal stromal cells, dental pulp cells, bone marrow stem cells, haematopoietic stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells apart from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells can be used for keratoconus cell therapy. The results obtained show that there is a potential for these cells from various sources as a viable treatment option. CONCLUSION There is a need for consensus with respect to the source of cells, mode of delivery, stage of disease, and duration of follow-up, to establish a standard operating protocol. This would eventually widen the cell therapy options for corneal ectatic diseases beyond keratoconus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Shetty
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Krithikaa Mahendran
- Stem Cell Research Lab, GROW Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Parth D Joshi
- Stem Cell Research Lab, GROW Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Chaitra Jayadev
- Department of Vitreo-Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Debashish Das
- Stem Cell Research Lab, GROW Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India.
- Stem Cell Lab, GROW Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Narayana Health City, 258/A Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India.
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Mohebichamkhorami F, Niknam Z, Zali H, Mostafavi E. Therapeutic Potential of Oral-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Retinal Repair. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2709-2723. [PMID: 37733198 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The retina has restricted regeneration ability to recover injured cell layer because of reduced production of neurotrophic factors and increased inhibitory molecules against axon regrowth. A diseased retina could be regenerated by repopulating the damaged tissue with functional cell sources like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The cells are able to release neurotrophic factors (NFs) to boost axonal regeneration and cell maintenance. In the current study, we comprehensively explore the potential of various types of stem cells (SCs) from oral cavity as promising therapeutic options in retinal regeneration. The oral MSCs derived from cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) which explains their broad neural differentiation potential and secret rich NFs. They are comprised of dental pulp SCs (DPSCs), SCs from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), SCs from apical papilla (SCAP), periodontal ligament-derived SCs (PDLSCs), gingival MSCs (GMSCs), and dental follicle SCs (DFSCs). The Oral MSCs are becoming a promising source of cells for cell-free or cell-based therapeutic approach to recover degenerated retinal. These cells have various mechanisms of action in retinal regeneration including cell replacement and the paracrine effect. It was demonstrated that they have more neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects on retinal cells than immediate replacement of injured cells in retina. This could be the reason that their therapeutic effects would be weakened over time. It can be concluded that neuronal and retinal regeneration through these cells is most likely due to their NFs that dramatically suppress oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Although, oral MSCs are attractive therapeutic options for retinal injuries, more preclinical and clinical investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mohebichamkhorami
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Zhang Z, Cui S, Fu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Wei F. Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:57. [PMID: 37480044 PMCID: PMC10362665 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00453-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preference for glucose oxidative mode has crucial impacts on various physiological activities, including determining stem cell fate. External mechanical factors can play a decisive role in regulating critical metabolic enzymes and pathways of stem cells. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are momentous effector cells that transform mechanical force into biological signals during the reconstruction of alveolar bone. However, mechanical stimuli-induced alteration of oxidative characteristics in PDLSCs and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. METHODS Herein, we examined the expression of LDH and COX4 by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We detected metabolites of lactic acid and reactive oxygen species for functional tests. We used tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) staining and a transmission electron microscope to clarify the mitochondrial status. After using western blot and immunofluorescence to clarify the change of DRP1, we further examined MFF, PINK1, and PARKIN by western blot. We used cyclosporin A (CsA) to confirm the regulation of mitophagy and ceased the stretching as a rescue experiment. RESULTS Herein, we ascertained that mechanical force could increase the level of LDH and decrease the expression of COX4 in PDLSCs. Simultaneously, the yield of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PDLSC reduced after stretching, while lactate acid augmented significantly. Furthermore, mitochondrial function in PDLSCs was negatively affected by impaired mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) under mechanical force, and the augment of mitochondrial fission further induced PRKN-dependent mitophagy, which was confirmed by the rescue experiments via blocking mitophagy. As a reversible physiological stimulation, the anaerobic preference of PDLSCs altered by mechanical force could restore after the cessation of force stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our study demonstrates that PDLSCs under mechanical force preferred anaerobic oxidation induced by the affected mitochondrial dynamics, especially mitophagy. Our findings support an association between mechanical stimulation and the oxidative profile of stem cells, which may shed light on the mechanical guidance of stem cell maintenance and commitment, and lay a molecular foundation for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyue Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yajing Fu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jixiao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Bhujel B, Oh SH, Kim CM, Yoon YJ, Kim YJ, Chung HS, Ye EA, Lee H, Kim JY. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10917. [PMID: 37446091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantation presents considerable obstacles, including a shortage of available donors, the risk of severe graft rejection, and potentially life-threatening complications. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a novel alternative approach to corneal regeneration. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of MSCs to differentiate into different corneal cell types, such as keratocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. MSCs are considered a suitable candidate for corneal regeneration because of their promising therapeutic perspective and beneficial properties. MSCs compromise unique immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties and secrete various growth factors, thus promoting corneal reconstruction. These effects in corneal engineering are mediated by MSCs differentiating into different lineages and paracrine action via exosomes. Early studies have proven the roles of MSC-derived exosomes in corneal regeneration by reducing inflammation, inhibiting neovascularization, and angiogenesis, and by promoting cell proliferation. This review highlights the contribution of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes, their current usage status to overcome corneal disease, and their potential to restore different corneal layers as novel therapeutic agents. It also discusses feasible future possibilities, applications, challenges, and opportunities for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhujel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Heon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Ahuja A, Tyagi PK, Kumar M, Sharma N, Prakash S, Radha, Chandran D, Dhumal S, Rais N, Singh S, Dey A, Senapathy M, Saleena LAK, Shanavas A, Mohankumar P, Rajalingam S, Murugesan Y, Vishvanathan M, Sathyaseelan SK, Viswanathan S, Kumar KK, Natta S, Mekhemar M. Botanicals and Oral Stem Cell Mediated Regeneration: A Paradigm Shift from Artificial to Biological Replacement. Cells 2022; 11:2792. [PMID: 36139367 PMCID: PMC9496740 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a well-known autologous pluripotent cell source, having excellent potential to develop into specialized cells, such as brain, skin, and bone marrow cells. The oral cavity is reported to be a rich source of multiple types of oral stem cells, including the dental pulp, mucosal soft tissues, periodontal ligament, and apical papilla. Oral stem cells were useful for both the regeneration of soft tissue components in the dental pulp and mineralized structure regeneration, such as bone or dentin, and can be a viable substitute for traditionally used bone marrow stem cells. In recent years, several studies have reported that plant extracts or compounds promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of different oral stem cells. This review is carried out by following the PRISMA guidelines and focusing mainly on the effects of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated dental, bone, and neural regeneration. It is observed that in recent years studies were mainly focused on the utilization of oral stem cell-mediated regeneration of bone or dental mesenchymal cells, however, the utility of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated regeneration requires additional assessment beyond in vitro and in vivo studies, and requires more randomized clinical trials and case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anami Ahuja
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226031, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut 250005, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Suraj Prakash
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sci-ences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Nadeem Rais
- Department of Pharmacy, Bhagwant University, Ajmer 305004, India
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Marisennayya Senapathy
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo P.O. Box 138, Ethiopia
| | - Lejaniya Abdul Kalam Saleena
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lampur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Arjun Shanavas
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - Pran Mohankumar
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India
| | - Sureshkumar Rajalingam
- Department of Agronomy, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Yasodha Murugesan
- Department of Agronomy, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Marthandan Vishvanathan
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | | | - Sabareeshwari Viswanathan
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Keerthana Krishna Kumar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Suman Natta
- ICAR—National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyong 737106, India
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Chris-tian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Guo L, Zhang Y, Liu H, Cheng Q, Yang S, Yang D. All-trans retinoic acid inhibits the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells by promoting IL-1β production via NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rad LM, Yumashev AV, Hussen BM, Jamad HH, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M, Rostami S, Niazi V, Hajiesmaeili M. Therapeutic Potential of Microvesicles in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine of Ocular Diseases With an Especial Focus on Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Microvesicles. Front Genet 2022; 13:847679. [PMID: 35422841 PMCID: PMC9001951 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.847679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
These days, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), because of immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic abilities, are known as inevitable factors in regenerative medicine and cell therapy in different diseases such as ocular disorder. Moreover, researchers have indicated that exosome possess an essential potential in the therapeutic application of ocular disease. MSC-derived exosome (MSC-DE) have been identified as efficient as MSCs for treatment of eye injuries due to their small size and rapid diffusion all over the eye. MSC-DEs easily transfer their ingredients such as miRNAs, proteins, and cytokines to the inner layer in the eye and increase the reconstruction of the injured area. Furthermore, MSC-DEs deliver their immunomodulatory cargos in inflamed sites and inhibit immune cell migration, resulting in improvement of autoimmune uveitis. Interestingly, therapeutic effects were shown only in animal models that received MSC-DE. In this review, we summarized the therapeutic potential of MSCs and MSC-DE in cell therapy and regenerative medicine of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Moallemi Rad
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Alexey V Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Hadayat Jamad
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Samaneh Rostami
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciecnes, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Vahid Niazi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Loghman Hakin Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Advances in Regulatory Strategies of Differentiating Stem Cells towards Keratocytes. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5403995. [PMID: 35140792 PMCID: PMC8820938 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5403995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal injury is a commonly encountered clinical problem which led to vision loss and impairment that affects millions of people worldwide. Currently, the available treatment in clinical practice is corneal transplantation, which is limited by the accessibility of donors. Corneal tissue engineering appears to be a promising alternative for corneal repair. However, current experimental strategies of corneal tissue engineering are insufficient due to inadequate differentiation of stem cell into keratocytes and thus cannot be applied in clinical practice. In this review, we aim to clarify the role and effectiveness of both biochemical factors, physical regulation, and the combination of both to induce stem cells to differentiate into keratocytes. We will also propose novel perspectives of differentiation strategy that may help to improve the efficiency of corneal tissue engineering.
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Chen J, Mo Q, Sheng R, Zhu A, Ling C, Luo Y, Zhang A, Chen Z, Yao Q, Cai Z, Zhang W. The application of human periodontal ligament stem cells and biomimetic silk scaffold for in situ tendon regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:596. [PMID: 34863301 PMCID: PMC8642874 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the development of tissue engineering, enhanced tendon regeneration could be achieved by exploiting suitable cell types and biomaterials. The accessibility, robust cell amplification ability, superior tendon differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory effects of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) indicate their potential as ideal seed cells for tendon tissue engineering. Nevertheless, there are currently no reports of using PDLSCs as seed cells. Previous studies have confirmed the potential of silk scaffold for tendon tissue engineering. However, the biomimetic silk scaffold with tendon extracellular matrix (ECM)-like structure has not been systematically studied for in situ tendon regeneration. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of hPDLSCs and biomimetic silk scaffold on in situ tendon regeneration. Methods Human PDLSCs were isolated from extracted wisdom teeth. The differentiation potential of hPDLSCs towards osteo-, chondro-, and adipo-lineage was examined by cultured in different inducing media. Aligned and random silk scaffolds were fabricated by the controlled directional freezing technique. Scaffolds were characterized including surface structure, water contact angle, swelling ratio, degradation speed and mechanical properties. The biocompatibility of silk scaffolds was evaluated by live/dead staining, SEM observation, cell proliferation determination and immunofluorescent staining of deposited collagen type I. Subsequently, hPDLSCs were seeded on the aligned silk scaffold and transplanted into the ruptured rat Achilles tendon. Scaffolds without cells served as control groups. After 4 weeks, histology evaluation was carried out and macrophage polarization was examined to check the repair effects and immunomodulatory effects. Results Human PDLSCs were successfully isolated, and their multi-differentiation potential was confirmed. Compared with random scaffold, aligned silk scaffold had more elongated and aligned pores and promoted the proliferation and ordered arrangement of hPDLSCs. After implantation into rat Achilles tendon defect, hPDLSCs seeded aligned silk scaffold enhanced tendon repair with more tendon-like tissue formation after 4 weeks, as compared to the scaffold-only groups. Higher expression of CD206 and lower expression of iNOS, IL-1β and TNF-α were found in the hPDLSCs seeded aligned silk scaffold group, which revealed its modulation effect of macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype. Conclusions In summary, this study demonstrates the efficacy of hPDLSCs as seed cells and aligned silk scaffold as a tendon-mimetic scaffold for enhanced tendon tissue engineering, which may have broad implications for future tendon tissue engineering and regenerative medicine researches. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02661-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qingyun Mo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Renwang Sheng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Aijing Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Aini Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhixuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Zhuoying Cai
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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12
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Advances and Perspectives in Dental Pulp Stem Cell Based Neuroregeneration Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073546. [PMID: 33805573 PMCID: PMC8036729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are some of the most promising stem cell types for regenerative therapies given their ability to grow in the absence of serum and their realistic possibility to be used in autologous grafts. In this review, we describe the particular advantages of hDPSCs for neuroregenerative cell therapies. We thoroughly discuss the knowledge about their embryonic origin and characteristics of their postnatal niche, as well as the current status of cell culture protocols to maximize their multilineage differentiation potential, highlighting some common issues when assessing neuronal differentiation fates of hDPSCs. We also review the recent progress on neuroprotective and immunomodulatory capacity of hDPSCs and their secreted extracellular vesicles, as well as their combination with scaffold materials to improve their functional integration on the injured central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Finally, we offer some perspectives on the current and possible future applications of hDPSCs in neuroregenerative cell therapies.
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13
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Singh S, Kini S, Pai S, H. R. R, Purayil TP. Survival of human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells in Cornisol and HBSS for transportation of avulsed teeth: a comparative ex vivo study. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:112-117. [PMID: 32730717 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1795248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Viability of periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (PDFC) is one of the key factors in determining the success of replantation of avulsed teeth. Extra-oral time and transport media are closely related to the same. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the efficiency of Cornisol, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and normal saline in preserving the viability of PDFC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human PDFC were isolated from primary culture from freshly extracted human premolars. Effect of Cornisol, HBSS and normal saline on viability of isolated PDFC was assessed using standard MTT assay. The cells were exposed to the experimental solutions (Cornisol/HBSS/normal saline) for varying time points (30 min, 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h) and viability was determined by colorimetric MTT method by quantifying the amount of formazan crystal formed (optical density). Experiment was performed in triplicates and the data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni's test with a significance level of p value ≤.05. Cornisol ≥ HBSS > saline. CONCLUSION Cornisol can be used as a storage media for avulsed teeth and is significantly more effective than HBSS in maintaining the periodontal ligament cell viability at tested time intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sandya Kini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Swathi Pai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rajeshwari H. R.
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Tina Puthen Purayil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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14
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Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Bone Regeneration by Altering MicroRNA Profiles. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8852307. [PMID: 33293963 PMCID: PMC7691010 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8852307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role and underlying mechanism of exosomes derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) in osteogenesis are unclear. In the present study, we identified the exosomes derived from PDLSCs and found that osteogenic induction can enhance the osteogenic ability of PDLSC-derived exosomes in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). To investigate the underlying mechanism, we analyzed the exosomal miRNA expression profiles of undifferentiated and osteogenic differentiated PDLSCs by RNA sequencing. The results showed that seventy-two miRNAs were upregulated and thirty-five miRNAs were downregulated after osteogenic induction. The results of Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis demonstrated that the target genes of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, such as catalytic activity, protein binding, metabolic processes, cell development, and differentiation, and are enriched in osteogenic differentiation-related pathways, such as MAPK signaling, AMPK signaling, and insulin signaling pathways. Our results reveal for the first time that the exosomal miRNAs derived from osteogenic differentiated PDLSCs may promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which provides a basis for further research on the regulatory function of exosomal miRNA of PDLSCs during osteogenesis.
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15
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Behtaj S, Öchsner A, Anissimov YG, Rybachuk M. Retinal Tissue Bioengineering, Materials and Methods for the Treatment of Glaucoma. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:253-269. [PMID: 32390117 PMCID: PMC7260329 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma, a characteristic type of optic nerve degeneration in the posterior pole of the eye, is a common cause of irreversible vision loss and the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. As an optic neuropathy, glaucoma is identified by increasing degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), with consequential vision loss. Current treatments only postpone the development of retinal degeneration, and there are as yet no treatments available for this disability. Recent studies have shown that replacing lost or damaged RGCs with healthy RGCs or RGC precursors, supported by appropriately designed bio-material scaffolds, could facilitate the development and enhancement of connections to ganglion cells and optic nerve axons. The consequence may be an improved retinal regeneration. This technique could also offer the possibility for retinal regeneration in treating other forms of optic nerve ailments through RGC replacement. METHODS In this brief review, we describe the innovations and recent developments in retinal regenerative medicine such as retinal organoids and gene therapy which are specific to glaucoma treatment and focus on the selection of appropriate bio-engineering principles, biomaterials and cell therapies that are presently employed in this growing research area. RESULTS Identification of optimal sources of cells, improving cell survival, functional integration upon transplantation, and developing techniques to deliver cells into the retinal space without provoking immune responses are the main challenges in retinal cell replacement therapies. CONCLUSION The restoration of visual function in glaucoma patients by the RGC replacement therapies requires appropriate protocols and biotechnology methods. Tissue-engineered scaffolds, the generation of retinal organoids, and gene therapy may help to overcome some of the challenges in the generation of clinically safe RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Behtaj
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Engineering Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Andreas Öchsner
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Esslingen University of Applied Sciences, Kanalstrasse 33, 73728, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Yuri G Anissimov
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - Maksym Rybachuk
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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16
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Ma H, Duan S, Yan F, Yang H, Cao Y, Ge L, Gao R. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 enhances the migration and chemotaxis of dental mesenchymal stem cells. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519882149. [PMID: 31642363 PMCID: PMC7262854 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519882149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the function of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in the migration and chemotaxis of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Methods The expression of EZH2, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11), CXCL16, and CXCR1 in stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) was determined by real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. The effects of EZH2 on the homing of SCAPs and the effects of EZH2-overexpressing SCAP culture supernatant on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were tested by scratch migration assays and transwell chemotaxis assays. Results EZH2 overexpression significantly enhanced the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and upregulated the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1 in SCAPs. EZH2 depletion had the opposite effect, impairing the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and downregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. The culture supernatant of EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs advanced the migration and chemotaxis of PDLSCs. Conclusions EZH2 evidently promoted the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs by upregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. Moreover, EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs enhanced the homing, migration, and chemotaxis of PDLSCs via paracrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarui Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyu Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Xiangya Stomatology Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Runtao Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122853. [PMID: 31212734 PMCID: PMC6627168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The corneal functions (transparency, refractivity and mechanical strength) deteriorate in many corneal diseases but can be restored after corneal transplantation (penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties). However, the global shortage of transplantable donor corneas remains significant and patients are subject to life-long risk of immune response and graft rejection. Various studies have shown the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into various corneal cell types. With the unique properties of immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammation, they offer the advantages in corneal reconstruction. These effects are widely mediated by MSC differentiation and paracrine signaling via exosomes. Besides the cell-free nature of exosomes in circumventing the problems of cell-fate control and tumorigenesis, the vesicle content can be genetically modified for optimal therapeutic affinity. The pharmacology and toxicology, xeno-free processing with sustained delivery, scale-up production in compliant to Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, and cost-effectiveness are the current foci of research. Routes of administration via injection, topical and/or engineered bioscaffolds are also explored for its applicability in treating corneal diseases.
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18
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White IA, Sabater AL. Current strategies for human corneal endothelial regeneration. Regen Med 2019; 14:257-261. [PMID: 31070511 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ian A White
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alfonso L Sabater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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19
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Xing Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Zhao B, Ji Y, Xu X. A comprehensive study on donor-matched comparisons of three types of mesenchymal stem cells-containing cells from human dental tissue. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:286-299. [PMID: 30474138 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in tissue engineering, such as for regenerating the supporting structures of teeth destroyed by periodontal diseases. In recent decades, dental tissue-derived MSCs have drawn much attention owing to their accessibility, plasticity and applicability. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and gingival MSCs (GMSCs) are the most readily available MSCs among all types of dental MSCs. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively compare the characteristics of MSCs from dental pulp (DP), periodontal ligament (PDL) and gingiva (G) in vitro and thus provide insight into optimizing the performance of cells and seed cell selection strategies for tissue regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, patient-matched (n = 5) cells derived from DP, PDL and G which, respectively, contained DPSCs, PDLSCs and GMSCs were evaluated using multiple methods in terms of their proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, multilineage differentiation and stemness maintenance after long-term passage. RESULTS Mesenchymal stem cells-containing cells from G (MSCs/GCs) showed superior proliferation capability, whereas patient-matched MSCs-containing cells from PDL (MSCs/PDLCs) exhibited excellent osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation ability; MSCs-containing cells from DP (MSCs/DPCs) achieved mediocre results in both aspects. In addition, MSCs/GCs were the least susceptible to senescence, while MSCs/PDLCs were the most prone to ageing. Furthermore, the biological properties of these three types of cells were all affected after long-term in vitro culture. CONCLUSION These three types of dental MSCs showed different biological characteristics. MSCs/PDLCs are the best candidate cells for bone regeneration, but the application of MSCs/PDLCs might be limited to certain number of passages. Improving the differentiation of MSCs/GCs remains the key issue regarding their application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yawen Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneraton, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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20
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Marei MK, El Backly RM. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Translational Regenerative Dentistry: From Artificial to Biological Replacement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:49. [PMID: 29770323 PMCID: PMC5941981 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentistry is a continuously changing field that has witnessed much advancement in the past century. Prosthodontics is that branch of dentistry that deals with replacing missing teeth using either fixed or removable appliances in an attempt to simulate natural tooth function. Although such "replacement therapies" appear to be easy and economic they fall short of ever coming close to their natural counterparts. Complications that arise often lead to failures and frequent repairs of such devices which seldom allow true physiological function of dental and oral-maxillofacial tissues. Such factors can critically affect the quality of life of an individual. The market for dental implants is continuously growing with huge economic revenues. Unfortunately, such treatments are again associated with frequent problems such as peri-implantitis resulting in an eventual loss or replacement of implants. This is particularly influential for patients having co-morbid diseases such as diabetes or osteoporosis and in association with smoking and other conditions that undoubtedly affect the final treatment outcome. The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies along with the enormous strides taken in their associated interdisciplinary fields such as stem cell therapy, biomaterial development, and others may open arenas to enhancing tissue regeneration via designing and construction of patient-specific biological and/or biomimetic substitutes. This review will overview current strategies in regenerative dentistry while overviewing key roles of dental mesenchymal stem cells particularly those of the dental pulp, until paving the way to precision/translational regenerative medicine therapies for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K Marei
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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21
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Yam GHF, Teo EPW, Setiawan M, Lovatt MJ, Yusoff NZBM, Fuest M, Goh BT, Mehta JS. Postnatal periodontal ligament as a novel adult stem cell source for regenerative corneal cell therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2018. [PMID: 29536619 PMCID: PMC5980160 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal opacities are a leading cause of global blindness. They are conventionally treated by the transplantation of donor corneal tissue, which is, restricted by a worldwide donor material shortage and allograft rejection. Autologous adult stem cells with a potential to differentiate into corneal stromal keratocytes (CSKs) could offer a suitable choice of cells for regenerative cell therapy. Postnatal periodontal ligament (PDL) contains a population of adult stem cells, which has a similar embryological origin as CSK, that is cranial neural crest. We harvested PDL cells from young adult teeth extracted because of non-functional or orthodontic reason and differentiated them towards CSK phenotype using a two-step protocol with spheroid formation followed by growth factor and cytokine induction in a stromal environment (human amnion stroma and porcine corneal stroma). Our results showed that the PDL-differentiated CSK-like cells expressed CSK markers (CD34, ALDH3A1, keratocan, lumican, CHST6, B3GNT7 and Col8A2) and had minimal expression of genes related to fibrosis and other lineages (vasculogenesis, adipogenesis, myogenesis, epitheliogenesis, neurogenesis and hematogenesis). Introduction of PDL spheroids into the stroma of porcine corneas resulted in extensive migration of cells inside the host stroma after 14-day organ culture. Their quiescent nature and uniform cell distribution resembled to that of mature CSKs inside the native stroma. Our results demonstrated the potential translation of PDL cells for regenerative corneal cell therapy for corneal opacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Hin-Fai Yam
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science Academic Clinical Research Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ericia Pei-Wen Teo
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Melina Setiawan
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Matthew J Lovatt
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science Academic Clinical Research Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Matthias Fuest
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bee-Tin Goh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science Academic Clinical Research Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Cornea and External Eye Disease Service Team, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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22
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Chen J, Zhang W, Backman LJ, Kelk P, Danielson P. Mechanical stress potentiates the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells into keratocytes. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102:562-569. [PMID: 29306866 PMCID: PMC5890647 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims To explore the role of corneal-shaped static mechanical strain on the differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) into keratocytes and the possible synergistic effects of mechanics and inducing medium. Methods PDLSCs were exposed to 3% static dome-shaped mechanical strain in a Flexcell Tension System for 3 days and 7 days. Keratocyte phenotype was determined by gene expression of keratocyte markers. Keratocyte differentiation (inducing) medium was introduced in the Flexcell system, either continuously or intermittently combined with mechanical stimulation. The synergistic effects of mechanics and inducing medium on keratocyte differentiation was evaluated by gene and protein expression of keratocyte markers. Finally, a multilamellar cell sheet was assembled by seeding PDLSCs on a collagen membrane and inducing keratocyte differentiation. The transparency of the cell sheet was assessed, and typical markers of native human corneal stroma were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Results Dome-shaped mechanical stimulation promoted PDLSCs to differentiate into keratocytes, as shown by the upregulation of ALDH3A1, CD34, LUM, COL I and COL V. The expression of integrins were also upregulated after mechanical stimulation, including integrin alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1 and non-muscle myosin II B. A synergistic effect of mechanics and inducing medium was found on keratocyte differentiation. The cell sheets were assembled under the treatment of mechanics and inducing medium simultaneously. The cell sheets were transparent, multilamellar and expressed typical markers of corneal stroma. Conclusion Dome-shaped mechanical stimulation promotes differentiation of PDLSCs into keratocytes and has synergistic effects with inducing medium. Multilamellar cell sheets that resemble native human corneal stroma show potential for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Chen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ludvig J Backman
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peyman Kelk
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Patrik Danielson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Huang L, Li Z, Tian H, Wang W, Cui D, Zhou Z, Chen X, Cheung HS, Xu GT, Chen Y. Adult human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells delay retinal degeneration and maintain retinal function in RCS rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:290. [PMID: 29273085 PMCID: PMC5741902 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retinal degeneration (RD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, affecting millions of people worldwide. Stem cell transplantation has been considered a promising therapy for retinal degenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (hPDLSCs) for intervention in the progress of this degeneration in the Royal College Surgeons (RCS) rat. Methods hPDLSCs were injected into the subretinal space of 3-week-old RCS rats. Control animals received a phosphate-buffered saline injection or were untreated. Retinal function was assessed by electroretinography recording. Eyes were collected afterward for histology and molecular studies. Results Retinal function maintenance was observed at 2 weeks and persisted for up to 8 weeks following hPDLSC transplantation. Retinal structure preservation was demonstrated in hPDLSC-transplanted eyes at 4 and 8 weeks following transplantation, as reflected in the preservation of outer nuclear layer thickness and gene expression of Rho, Crx, and Opsin. The percentage of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling-positive apoptotic photoreceptors was significantly lower in the hPDLSC-injected retinas than in those of the control groups. hPDLSCs were also found to express multiple neurotrophic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, bioactive basic fibroblast growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, insulin-like growth factor 1, nerve growth factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Conclusions Our findings suggest that hPDLSC transplantation is effective in delaying photoreceptor loss and provides significant preservation of retinal function in RCS rats. This study supports further exploration of hPDLSCs for treating RD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0731-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,The Stem Cell Research Center and the Stem Cell Bank, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Herman S Cheung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,The Stem Cell Research Center and the Stem Cell Bank, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Rodas-Junco BA, Canul-Chan M, Rojas-Herrera RA, De-la-Peña C, Nic-Can GI. Stem Cells from Dental Pulp: What Epigenetics Can Do with Your Tooth. Front Physiol 2017; 8:999. [PMID: 29270128 PMCID: PMC5724083 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells have attracted scientific attention because they are able to self-renew and differentiate into several specialized cell types. In this context, human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDT-MSCs) have emerged as a possible solution for repairing or regenerating damaged tissues. These cells can be isolated from primary teeth that are naturally replaced, third molars, or other dental tissues and exhibit self-renewal, a high proliferative rate and a great multilineage potential. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that determine lineage specification are still largely unknown. It is known that a change in cell fate requires the deletion of existing transcriptional programs, followed by the establishment of a new developmental program to give rise to a new cell lineage. Increasing evidence indicates that chromatin structure conformation can influence cell fate. In this way, reversible chemical modifications at the DNA or histone level, and combinations thereof can activate or inactivate cell-type-specific gene sequences, giving rise to an alternative cell fates. On the other hand, miRNAs are starting to emerge as a possible player in establishing particular somatic lineages. In this review, we discuss two new and promising research fields in medicine and biology, epigenetics and stem cells, by summarizing the properties of hDT-MSCs and highlighting the recent findings on epigenetic contributions to the regulation of cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Rodas-Junco
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Michel Canul-Chan
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Rafael A Rojas-Herrera
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Clelia De-la-Peña
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Geovanny I Nic-Can
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
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25
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Chen J, Zhang W, Kelk P, Backman LJ, Danielson P. Substance P and patterned silk biomaterial stimulate periodontal ligament stem cells to form corneal stroma in a bioengineered three-dimensional model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:260. [PMID: 29132420 PMCID: PMC5683543 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to generate a bioengineered multi-lamellar human corneal stroma tissue in vitro by differentiating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) towards keratocytes on an aligned silk membrane. Methods Human PDLSCs were isolated and identified. The neuropeptide substance P (SP) was added in keratocyte differentiation medium (KDM) to evaluate its effect on keratocyte differentiation of PDLSCs. PDLSCs were then seeded on patterned silk membrane and cultured with KDM and SP. Cell alignment was evaluated and the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components of corneal stroma was detected. Finally, multi-lamellar tissue was constructed in vitro by PDLSCs seeded on patterned silk membranes, which were stacked orthogonally and stimulated by KDM supplemented with SP for 18 days. Sections were prepared and subsequently stained with hematoxylin and eosin or antibodies for immunofluorescence observation of human corneal stroma-related proteins. Results SP promoted the expression of corneal stroma-related collagens (collagen types I, III, V, and VI) during the differentiation induced by KDM. Patterned silk membrane guided cell alignment of PDLSCs, and important ECM components of the corneal stroma were shown to be deposited by the cells. The constructed multi-lamellar tissue was found to support cells growing between every two layers and expressing the main type of collagens (collagen types I and V) and proteoglycans (lumican and keratocan) of normal human corneal stroma. Conclusions Multi-lamellar human corneal stroma-like tissue can be constructed successfully in vitro by PDLSCs seeded on orthogonally aligned, multi-layered silk membranes with SP supplementation, which shows potential for future corneal tissue engineering. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0715-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Chen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peyman Kelk
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ludvig J Backman
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Patrik Danielson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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26
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Yang N, Li Y, Wang G, Ding Y, Jin Y, Xu Y. Tumor necrosis factor-α suppresses adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cell by inhibiting miR-21/Spry1 functional axis. Differentiation 2017; 97:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Tang Y, Liu L, Wang P, Chen D, Wu Z, Tang C. Periostin promotes migration and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells via the Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway under inflammatory conditions. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28833827 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated periodontal tissue regeneration is considered to be a promising method for periodontitis treatment. The molecular mechanism of functional regulation by MSCs remains unclear, thus limiting their application. Our previous study discovered that Periostin (POSTN) promoted the migration and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLSCs), but it is still unclear whether POSTN is able to restore the regenerative potential of PDLSCs under inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of POSTN on PDLSCs under inflammatory conditions and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDLSCs were isolated from periodontal ligament tissue. TNF-α was used at 10 ng/mL to mimic inflammatory conditions. Lentivirus POSTN shRNA was used to knock down POSTN. Recombinant human POSTN (rhPOSTN) was used to stimulate PDLSCs. A scratch assay was used to analyse cell migration. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red staining and expression of osteogenesis-related genes were used to investigate the osteogenic differentiation potential. Western blot analysis was used to detect the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and AKT signalling pathways. RESULTS After a 10 ng/mL TNF-α treatment, knockdown of POSTN impeded scratch closure, inhibited ALP activity and mineralization in vitro, and decreased expression of RUNX2, OSX, OPN and OCN in PDLSCs, while 75 ng/mL rhPOSTN significantly accelerated scratch closure, enhanced ALP activity and mineralization in vitro, and increased expression of RUNX2, OSX, OPN and OCN. In addition, knockdown of POSTN inhibited expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), while 75 ng/mL rhPOSTN increased expression of p-JNK in PDLSCs with TNF-α treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of JNK by its inhibitor SP600125 dramatically blocked POSTN-enhanced scratch closure, ALP activity and mineralization in PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that POSTN might promote the migration and osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs via the JNK pathway, providing insight into the mechanism underlying MSC biology under inflammatory conditions and identifying a potential target for improving periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donglei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqiang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunbo Tang
- Department of Dental Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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28
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Chalisserry EP, Nam SY, Park SH, Anil S. Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417702531. [PMID: 28616151 PMCID: PMC5461911 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417702531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Paul Chalisserry
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyug Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Corneal integrity is essential for visual function. Transplantation remains the most common treatment option for advanced corneal diseases. A global donor material shortage requires a search for alternative treatments. Different stem cell populations have been induced to express corneal cell characteristics in vitro and in animal models. Yet before their application to humans, scientific and ethical issues need to be solved. The in vitro propagation and implantation of primary corneal cells has been rapidly evolving with clinical practices of limbal epithelium transplantation and a clinical trial for endothelial cells in progress, implying cultivated ocular cells as a promising option for the future. This review reports on the latest developments in primary ocular cell and stem cell research for corneal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fuest
- Tissue Engineering & Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gary Hin-Fai Yam
- Tissue Engineering & Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Gary Swee-Lim Peh
- Tissue Engineering & Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Tissue Engineering & Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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