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Fischer AR, Doudell KR, Cundiff JM, Green SRM, Lavender CA, Gunn HE. Maternal Sleep Health, Social Support, and Distress: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Mothers of Infants and Young Children in Rural US. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:650-673. [PMID: 38600856 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2339818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore sleep health in rural maternal populations through a social-ecological framework and identify risk and protective factors for this population. METHODS 39 individuals who are mothers of infants or children under the age of 5 years completed an online survey, 35 of which completed a subsequent semi-structured interview. Recruitment was limited to one rural community and was in partnership with community healthcare providers. Results were integrated using a convergent, parallel mixed-methods design. RESULTS Poor sleep health and high prevalence of insomnia symptoms in rural mothers were evident and associated with social support and maternal distress. Qualitative content from interviews indicated that well-established precipitating and perpetuating factors for insomnia may contribute to poor maternal sleep health. Results also revealed a gap in knowledge and language surrounding sleep health among rural mothers. CONCLUSIONS Sleep health is challenged during the transition to motherhood and rural mothers have less access to specialized perinatal and behavioral health care than their urban counterparts. In this sample, poor sleep was attributable to distress in addition to nocturnal infant and child sleep patterns which has implications for psychoeducation and promotion of sleep health in mothers. Sleep is a modifiable health indicator that is associated with several other maternal health outcomes and should be considered an element of a comprehensive maternal health for prevention and intervention across individual, interpersonal, and societal domains of the social-ecological model of sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly R Doudell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Jenny M Cundiff
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | | | - Catherine A Lavender
- College of Community Health Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Heather E Gunn
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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Kichler JC, Gyemi A, Papak R, Tapp K, Grandi B, Lucier K. "I'll Just Forever Be That Person Who Stands in the Middle of the Dance Floor Drinking a Juice Box": Supporting the Transition to Adulthood With Type 1 Diabetes in a Post-Secondary University/College Setting. Diabetes Spectr 2023; 36:354-363. [PMID: 37982063 PMCID: PMC10654117 DOI: 10.2337/ds22-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Background The transition to adulthood is a challenging period for individuals with type 1 diabetes, especially those attending post-secondary education (PSE) at a university or college. In addition to balancing academic responsibilities and adapting to a novel environment, young adults (YAs) with type 1 diabetes must more independently manage the daily demands of diabetes care. Objective The aim of this study was to collect qualitative data from multiple stakeholders addressing the transition of students with type 1 diabetes into a PSE setting. Methods A total of 15 participants were interviewed, including three health care provider diabetes educators, four parents of YAs with type 1 diabetes, and eight YAs with type 1 diabetes. Reflexive thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews revealed four major themes and 11 subthemes. Results The four major themes revealed included 1) inappropriateness of services available to support students with type 1 diabetes in PSE settings, 2) individuals with type 1 diabetes having to compensate for inadequate systems, 3) variability of social support effectiveness, and 4) the need for a more holistic approach to improve diabetes education and social support systemically. Conclusion This study identified some key systemic barriers experienced by PSE students with type 1 diabetes. Future research needs to extend the sample populations to understand a wider range of PSE student experiences. The findings from this study provide initial recommendations to develop new PSE readiness interventions for YAs with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Kichler
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alana Gyemi
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Papak
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenzie Tapp
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brianna Grandi
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista Lucier
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Davidson RD, Biddle K, Nassan M, Scammell TE, Zhou ES. The impact of narcolepsy on social relationships in young adults. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2751-2761. [PMID: 35946418 PMCID: PMC9713907 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Narcolepsy often begins during adolescence and young adulthood, which are crucial periods for social development. The symptoms of narcolepsy likely impact social interactions, but little research has assessed the effects of narcolepsy on social relationships. The current study investigated the impact of narcolepsy on friendships and romantic and sexual relationships. METHODS Young adults (18-39 years) with narcolepsy were recruited through national narcolepsy patient organizations. Participants (n = 254) completed an online survey assessing their friendships and romantic and sexual relationships, including communication about their social relationships with medical providers. RESULTS All participants (mean age = 28.8 years; 87% female, 92% White/Caucasian) reported that narcolepsy made their social life more challenging. They reported receiving more support from significant others, compared to family or friends (P < .05). Most (80%) indicated that narcolepsy currently impacted their sex life. Only a few participants reported that their providers asked about their social and sex lives, though they wanted providers to ask. CONCLUSIONS Narcolepsy impacts social functioning in young adults. Many individuals with narcolepsy prioritize single, meaningful, romantic relationships as developing and sustaining new relationships may be challenging. In addition, narcolepsy symptoms impact sexual functioning. Though many participants wanted to discuss their social and sex lives with providers, only a few providers ask. Treatment of narcolepsy in young adulthood should include supporting individuals regarding the impact on social, romantic, and sexual health. CITATION Davidson RD, Biddle K, Nassan M, Scammell TE, Zhou ES. The impact of narcolepsy on social relationships in young adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(12):2751-2761.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Davidson
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Malik Nassan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Thomas E. Scammell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric S. Zhou
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ghasemi F. Teachers’ demographic and occupational attributes predict feelings of hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:913894. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many emotional consequences for teachers, including feelings of isolation, loneliness, and hopelessness. However, evidence on the prevalence of hopelessness and the associated factors in teachers during the pandemic is limited. The purpose of this research was to examine the prevalence of hopelessness in public school teachers and identify risk factors associated with it. A sample of 168 teachers aged 25–49 years participated in the study by completing the Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The results revealed a moderate level of experienced hopelessness in teachers. Hopelessness prevalence was also significantly different across teacher gender (males = 79%), age groups (>40 = 77%), socioeconomic status (poor socioeconomic status = 70%), educational level (high school teachers = 79%), professional experience (experienced teachers = 82%), and perceived social support (low perceived social support = 79%). The results of a logistic regression analysis confirmed the effects of these demographic and occupational attributes on hopelessness by explaining ~71% of the variance in hopelessness feelings. Higher odds ratios were associated with age, socioeconomic status, and perceived social support, signifying the prominence of these factors in predicting hopelessness. The study contributes to identifying and screening teachers at risk of hopelessness in public schools and recommends promoting collegial/superior support as well as a positive school climate as the protective factors against hopelessness.
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Kler S, Arora S, Le TP. Validation of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) Among LGBTQ+ People of Color. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2022.2109174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satveer Kler
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Saumya Arora
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas P. Le
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD, USA
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Feldman ECH, Durkin LK, Greenley RN. Family Support is Associated with Fewer Adherence Barriers and Greater Intent to Adhere to Oral Medications in Pediatric IBD. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 60:58-64. [PMID: 33618177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Medication nonadherence is common among adolescents, and family support can enhance adherence. In a sample of youth with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we aimed to describe barriers to oral medication adherence and intent to adhere. Additionally, we examined the role of family support in influencing adherence barriers and intent to adhere, and assessed if age moderated these relationships. DESIGNS AND METHODS A secondary analysis of baseline data from an adherence-promotion intervention trial was conducted. Youth reported perceptions of family support, adherence barriers, and intent to adhere via validated measures. RESULTS Among youth (N = 76, ages 11-18), age moderated the impact of family support on total adherence barriers, disease/regimen barriers, social support/self-efficacy barriers, and intent to adhere. At higher levels of family support, younger (Mage = 12.93 years) and mid-age (Mage = 14.68 years) youth reported fewer barriers to adherence and greater intent to adhere. No main effect of family support or evidence of age moderation was found for denial/distrust or peer influences barrier domains. CONCLUSIONS Younger and mid-aged adolescents benefitted from family support in the context of IBD management. Future research should examine whether interventions to enhance family support may enhance youth adherence. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Given prior findings highlighting the success of nurse-led interventions in promoting adherence in patients with IBD, present findings suggest additional intervention points for nurses working with pediatric IBD populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estée C H Feldman
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, IL, United States of America.
| | - Lindsay K Durkin
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, IL, United States of America
| | - Rachel Neff Greenley
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, IL, United States of America
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Wang D, Zhu F, Xi S, Niu L, Tebes JK, Xiao S, Yu Y. Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) Among Family Caregivers of People with Schizophrenia in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:1201-1209. [PMID: 34393527 PMCID: PMC8358441 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s320126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is one of the most widely used scales for social support. Although previous studies have shown good reliability and concurrent validity, conflicting evidence exists on its factor structures. AIM To validate the MSPSS among caregivers of people with schizophrenia in China and assess its factor structure. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted of 449 family caregivers in 12 communities for psychometric testing, eg, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS The MSPSS showed good internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.95, good test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.91, and kappa ranging from 0.62 to 0.71. Concurrent validity was supported by its negative correlations with perceived stress, and significant positive correlations with caregiving rewarding feelings, family functioning, and coping. EFA yielded a two-factor structure (family vs non-family), while CFA generally supported a three-factor structure (family, friends, and significant others). CONCLUSION Our findings show good psychometric properties of the MSPSS among caregivers of people with schizophrenia in China. EFA yields two-factor structure and CFA yields three factors consistent with the theory underlying the measure's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijun Xi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Niu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jacob Kraemer Tebes
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Batchelor R, Taylor MD. Young adults with epilepsy: Relationships between psychosocial variables and anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 118:107911. [PMID: 33773441 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with epilepsy (PWE) are at an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Young adulthood is a critical developmental period which can be complicated by the unique challenges of having epilepsy. The risk factors of mental health difficulties in young adults with epilepsy (YAWE) have not been investigated. AIMS To examine the relationships between psychosocial variables (coping strategies and sources of social support) and mental health outcomes in YAWE, and determine whether these psychosocial variables independently predict mental health outcomes after controlling for sociodemographic and epilepsy-related factors. METHOD An online survey was completed by 144 YAWE (18-25-year-olds), which measured sociodemographic and epilepsy-related factors, coping strategies, sources of social support, and current mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and suicidality). RESULTS Avoidant-focused coping was positively correlated, and problem-focused coping and meaning-focused coping were negatively correlated, with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Social support from family, friends, and a special person all negatively correlated with mental health outcomes. Using multiple regression analyses, greater use of avoidant-focused coping strategies independently predicted higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Greater support from friends independently predicted significantly lower anxiety and depression, whereas greater support from family independently predicted significantly lower suicidality. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These findings have implications for clinical practice in YAWE and suggest that screening for mental health symptoms and psychosocial variables to identify those at risk would be beneficial. Access to tailored psychological support is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle D Taylor
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, UK; Health Psychology Research Limited (HPR Ltd.), 188 Egham High Street, Surrey, UK
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Flaherty GT, Leong SW, Finn Y, Sulaiman LH, Noone C. Travellers with type 1 diabetes: questionnaire development and descriptive analysis of knowledge and practices. J Travel Med 2020; 27:5868443. [PMID: 32634210 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the awareness of travellers with diabetes about the health effects of international travel. This study aimed to design and validate a questionnaire to examine the travel health knowledge, attitudes and practices of people living with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A set of 74 items based on a conceptual framework analysis underwent revision and its content validity was established. Items were grouped into three domains. A development study was conducted to establish evidence regarding their factorial structure. A construct validation study was then conducted in which the retained items were tested in an independent sample using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS Four factors emerged from our development study and were labelled as pre-travel preparation-insect bites, pre-travel preparation-consultation, insulin and glycaemic control and travel risk behaviour. A CFA confirmed the factorial structure identified in the development study in an independent sample. Each factor loading had a significant (P < 0.001) loading of at least 0.4. The factor correlations ranged between 0.1 and 0.6, indicating good discriminant validity. The highest mean domain score in our sample of 268 participants related to insulin and glycaemic control (6.45), followed by travel risk behaviour (5.21) and pre-travel preparation (4.15). CONCLUSIONS This valid questionnaire for measuring the degree of preparedness of travellers with type 1 diabetes may prove a useful tool in studies involving travellers with type1 diabetes. Our results suggest that improvements are needed in relation to timely pre-travel consultation and screening for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard T Flaherty
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shan Wei Leong
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne Finn
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lokman Hakim Sulaiman
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chris Noone
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Willard VW, Tillery R, Gordon ML, Long A, Phipps S. Profiles of perceived social functioning in adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer. Psychooncology 2020; 29:1288-1295. [PMID: 32419288 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social interaction and peer relationships are critical for development, especially for adolescents and young adults (AYA). Cancer treatment may disrupt social functioning and impact quality of life. Prior research into AYA social functioning has primarily been qualitative in nature or assessed via broad measures of functioning. Given the multi-dimensional nature of social functioning, and its importance for AYA, a person-centered approach to analyses is needed. METHODS AYA survivors of childhood cancer, ages 13 to 23 (n = 192, 51% male) and at least 1 year post-treatment (M = 7.35 ± 4.18 years post), completed measures to assess perceived social functioning, social support, and positive and negative affect. Caregivers also completed a measure of social functioning. Latent profile analysis was used to empirically derive profiles of perceived social functioning using the self-perception profile for adolescents (SPPA). RESULTS A 3-class solution provided the best fit to the data: 58.9% average, 33.7% high, and 7.5% low functioning. The average group reported mean scores that were similar to normative values available in the SPPA manual. Demographic and medical factors were unrelated to class membership. Social support and positive/negative affect differed significantly by class; caregiver-report of social functioning did not. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the majority of AYA survivors of childhood cancer are doing well socially, with perceived adequate social functioning associated with both high levels of social support as well as greater perceptions of positive affect. Future work is needed to elucidate longitudinal trajectories of social functioning, as well as to identify and intervene with those survivors who are struggling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria W Willard
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rachel Tillery
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mallorie L Gordon
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alanna Long
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sean Phipps
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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