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Lu Y, Zhang P, Li W, Liu J, Shang X, Cheng Y, Li Y. Comparison of gut microbial communities, free amino acids or fatty acids contents in the muscle of wild Aristichthys nobilis from Xinlicheng reservoir and Chagan lake. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:32. [PMID: 35057746 PMCID: PMC8772204 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish is favored by consumers, while amino acids and fatty acids are the main nutrients of muscle. At present, it has been found that the gut microbial community may be involved in the regulation of host material anabolism. Juvenile and adult bighead carp (A. nobilis) from Chagan lake and Xinlicheng reservoir were selected, and divided into four groups to compare the differences of gut microbial communities, free amino acid and fatty acids in muscle. RESULTS The results showed that fish in different lakes or ages contained specific microbiota, the gut microbial structure was similar, but the microbial content was significantly different. Gut microbial abundance of juvenile fish in Chagan lake was significantly higher than that of other groups. Phylum level analysis Proteobacteria was the dominant gut bacteria of fish in both adult and juvenile fish from two separate lakes. Actinobacteria was another dominant bacterial phylum in juvenile fish in both lakes. Contents of free amino acids and fatty acids in muscle were detected, and the relationships between them and gut microbial communities were analyzed. Bighead carp grew from juvenile to adult, Actinobacteria abundance decreased (P < 0.05) and Proteobacteria increased (P < 0.05). Proteobacteria was positively correlated with the contents of Thr, Lys, Pro, Asp, Gly and Glu, Actinobacteria was negatively correlated with Met and His. Meanwhile, EPA and DHA were positively correlated with Proteobacteria, EPA and DHA were not significantly associated with Actinobacteria. CONCLUSION It was speculated that the contents of free amino acids and fatty acids in muscle might be affected by the difference of gut microbiota, thus affecting the taste and nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of education laboratory of animal production and quality security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of education laboratory of animal production and quality security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xinchi Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of education laboratory of animal production and quality security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of education laboratory of animal production and quality security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- Ministry of education laboratory of animal production and quality security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Fang G, Shi B, Wu K, Chen S, Gao X, Xiao S, Kang JX, Li W, Huang R. The protective role of endogenous n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Tau Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Int J Neurosci 2018; 129:325-336. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1533824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyan Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing X. Kang
- The Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wende Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory Animal Lab, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Muldoon MF, Ryan CM, Yao JK, Conklin SM, Manuck SB. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and optimization of cognitive performance. Mil Med 2016; 179:95-105. [PMID: 25373092 DOI: 10.7205/milmed-d-14-00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Low consumption of the omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenonic acids, is linked to delayed brain development and, in late life, increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. The current review focuses on cognitive functioning during midlife and summarizes available scientific evidence relevant to the hypothesis that adequate dietary consumption of the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids is necessary for optimal cognitive performance. Taken together, the findings suggest that raising the currently low consumption among healthy adults may improve some aspects of cognitive performance. Nonetheless, evidence from randomized clinical trials is comparatively sparse and leaves unclear: (a) whether such effects are clinically significant, (b) whether effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA differ, (c) which dimensions of cognitive function are affected, (d) the dose-response relationships, or (e) the time course of the response. Clarification of these issues through both laboratory and clinical investigations is a priority given the broad implications for public health, as well as for military personnel and other positions of high performance demand and responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Muldoon
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Old Engineering Hall, Room 506, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Christopher M Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3500 Fifth Avenue, Suite 106, Pittsburg, PA 15213
| | - Jeffrey K Yao
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 7180 Highland Drive, Building 13, Room 131, Pittsburg, PA 15206
| | - Sarah M Conklin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Allegheny College, 520 North Main Street, Meadville, PA 16335
| | - Stephen B Manuck
- Behavioral Physiology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Sennott Square, 3rd Floor, 210 South Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
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Beydoun MA, Fanelli Kuczmarski MT, Beydoun HA, Rostant OS, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Associations of the Ratios of n-3 to n-6 Dietary Fatty Acids With Longitudinal Changes in Depressive Symptoms Among US Women. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 181:691-705. [PMID: 25855645 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined longitudinal changes in self-reported depressive symptoms (and related domains) in relation to baseline intakes of n-3 fatty acids (absolute and relative to n-6 fatty acids). Sex-specific associations were evaluated in a prospective cohort of adults (n = 2,053) from Baltimore, Maryland, who were 30-64 years of age at baseline and were followed for a mean of 4.65 (standard deviation, 0.93) years (2004-2013). Using mean intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids reported on two 24-hour dietary recalls, we estimated the ratios of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids for both highly unsaturated fatty acids (≥20 carbon atoms) (HUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥18 carbon atoms) (PUFAs). Outcomes included total and domain-specific scores on the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Based on mixed-effects regression models, among women, both higher n-3 HUFA:n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA:n-6 PUFA ratios were associated with a slower rate of increase in total Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scores over time. Higher n-3 HUFA:n-6 HUFA ratios were associated with slower increases in somatic complaints in men, whereas among women, higher n-3 HUFA:n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA:n-6 PUFA ratios were both linked to putative longitudinal improvement in positive affect over time. Among US adults, n-3:n-6 dietary fatty acid ratio was associated with longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms, with a higher ratio linked to a slower increase in depressive symptoms over time, particularly among women.
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Li Y, Dai Q, Ekperi LI, Dehal A, Zhang J. Fish consumption and severely depressed mood, findings from the first national nutrition follow-up study. Psychiatry Res 2011; 190:103-9. [PMID: 21628074 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The evidence obtained from prospective studies to support the hypothesis that fish consumption may improve mental status remains limited. The current study prospectively assessed a low frequency of fish consumption as a risk factor for depressed mood. Included were 5068 adults aged 25-74 years examined in 1971-1975 as the baseline of the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-up Study. Frequency of eating fish at baseline was obtained using a 3-month food frequency questionnaire. Severely depressed mood (SDM) was defined as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores ≥22 or taking anti-depressants. After an average of 10.6 years of follow-up, among men (n=2039), the percentage of individuals with SDM was 11.7%. Compared with frequent consumers (more than once a week), the odds ratios (ORs) were 1.43 (95%CI=0.66-3.11) and 2.08 (1.08-4.09) respectively for the men eating fish once a week and less than once a week (p for trend=0.03). Among women (n=3029), the percentage of individuals with SDM was 17.89%. The ORs were 1 (reference), 0.91 (0.68-1.22) and 1.15 (0.83-1.59) respectively for the women eating fish more than once, once, and less than once a week. These estimates were obtained after adjustment for indicators of social deprivation and major physical diseases. The study concluded that independently from social deprivation and physical diseases, low fish consumption was a risk factor for SDM among men. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate mechanisms for the difference between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Dyall SC. Methodological issues and inconsistencies in the field of omega-3 fatty acids research. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2011; 85:281-5. [PMID: 21925854 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest into researching omega-3 fatty acids; however, there are considerable variations in the methodologies employed. Many studies add oils to animal feed and under ambient conditions omega-3 fatty acids are particularly unstable and prone to autoxidation and peroxidative damage. It is therefore important to take specific precautions with the stock preparations and when preparing the experimental diets. There is a need for clarity in the reporting of methodologies employed, such as how oil preparations are stored and handled, how experimental diets are prepared, the potential effects of adding additional antioxidants, whether there is a clear rationale for the selection of control/placebo diets, which may be situation dependent, and consistency in expressing the experimental doses. The purpose of this article is to highlight some of these issues in the hope of promoting discussion, and potentially developing guidelines as to what represents best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Dyall
- Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UK.
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Riemer S, Maes M, Christophe A, Rief W. Lowered omega-3 PUFAs are related to major depression, but not to somatization syndrome. J Affect Disord 2010; 123:173-80. [PMID: 19720401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies indicated a depletion of omega-3 fatty acid levels and an imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs in depressive patients. Depletion of omega-3 PUFAs may be related to the immune and serotonergic pathophysiologies of depression by alterations in membrane fluidity and modulation of membrane receptors, enzyme activities and carriers. Previous studies also found serotonergic and immunological disturbances in subjects with somatoform symptoms. Based on these findings we aimed to investigate PUFA concentrations and its relations to other biological systems in depressed patients and in patients with somatoform symptoms. METHODS We examined 150 subjects divided in 4 groups, i.e. somatization syndrome; depression; depression and somatization syndrome; controls. Blood samples were analyzed for fatty acids, markers of the serotonergic system and the immune system. RESULTS The study was able to replicate earlier findings in patients with depression (lowered omega-3 PUFAs, increased omega-6/omega-3 ratios in serum cholesteryl esters). The somatization syndrome group showed no abnormalities in the mentioned fatty acid levels. Only depressive patients revealed associations between fatty acids with serotonergic and immunological markers. LIMITATIONS We used current state diagnoses, and the consideration of lifetime diagnoses and longitudinal studies could highlight further aspects of the reported results. CONCLUSIONS The findings are further confirming that the concepts of depression and somatoform disorders should not be merged indiscriminately together, even though they often occur together. We conclude that in depression and somatoform syndrome different biological mechanisms seem to be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Riemer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Germany.
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No effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA and DHA) supplementation on depressed mood and cognitive function: a randomised controlled trial – reply by Rogers et al.. Br J Nutr 2008. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114508975656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported a null outcome from a study of n-3 long-chain PUFA supplementation in depressed mood(1).
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