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Du L, Qiu X, Zhu S, Liu J, Wang J, Wang Q, Liu Z, Yang F, Yun T, Qi R. Soybean oligosaccharides combined with probiotics reduce faecal odour compound content by improving intestinal microbiota in pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 107:839-849. [PMID: 36239230 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As a potential prebiotic, soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) can improve animal health by modulating gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the different effects of supplementing SBOS and supplementing SBOS plus probiotic on the growth and health of pigs. Three groups of growing pigs (n = 12) were fed with basal diet (Control), basal diet + 0.5% SBOS (SBOS), or basal diet +0.5% SBOS + 0.1% compound probiotics (SOP) for 42 days. Results showed that SBOS and SOP treatments had positive effects on the pigs in the experiment, and the latter was more effective. Compared with the control pigs, the average daily gain of SBOS group and SOP group slightly increased, SOP significantly increased the serum levels of growth hormone and thyroid hormone T3. Importantly, serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG and IgM), total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase in both treatments were increased significantly, SOP group most. Moreover, the faecal odour compounds of pigs, especially skatole, were significantly reduced by the treatments. Additionally, SOP significantly increased the diversity and richness of the faecal microbiota, both the treatments increased genera of norank_f_Muribaculaceae and Ruminococcaceae but reduced Lactobacillus. Correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus was significantly positively correlated with odour compounds, while Ruminococcaceae was the opposite. Conclusively, synbiotics combined with SBOS and probiotics had stronger promotion effects on the growth and health of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Du
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Yun
- Zhengzhou Yunyi Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Renli Qi
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
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Effects of fermented soybean meal on growth performance, meat quality, and antioxidant capacity in finishing pigs. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Matsumoto Y, Ishimi Y, Suzuki T, Kobayashi KI, Inoue J, Yamamoto Y. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/small heterodimer partner pathway prevents high fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in Sprague-Dawley rats fed soybean meal. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 75:108250. [PMID: 31707284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Soybeans are a complete nutritional resource and soybean proteins are known to affect lipid metabolism via multiple mechanisms. Soybean meal (SBM) is produced after extraction of soybean oil and in this study, we investigated the ability whether the SBM could prevent high fat diet-induced obesity and understand the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 5 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups (n=8 each) and fed one of three diets for 28 days: Cont (AIN-93G), HFD (high fat diet with 40% of calories derived from fat) and HFD+SBM (HFD with 30% SBM). White adipose tissue weight as well as plasma and hepatic triglycerides were significantly decreased in HFD+SBM rats. Expression of hepatic SREBP-1 and its target genes was significantly decreased in HFD+SBM rats. Meanwhile, expression of SHP gene expression was significantly increased in HFD+SBM, and there was a negative correlation between SHP and SREBP-1 expression. Together these results suggest that hepatic SREBP-1 gene expression is negatively regulated by SHP. Expression of PPARG, the transcriptional factor that regulates SHP expression, was increased in HFD+SBM rats. Furthermore, expression of genes controlled by PPARG/SHP, such as those involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis, was also significantly decreased in HFD+SBM rats. Therefore, in addition to the previous findings of SBM on obesity here we show an additional mechanism which by changing the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism via the PPARG/SHP pathway in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ishimi
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Suzuki
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
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Kang MG, Lee HJ, Cho JY, Kim K, Yang SJ, Kim D. Anti-inflammatory effects of sucrose-derived oligosaccharides produced by a constitutive mutant L. mesenteroides B-512FMCM dextransucrase in high fat diet-fed mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:350-5. [PMID: 27342664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharide (OS) is used as a sugar replacement as well as an ingredient in functional foods because of its beneficial effects, mainly on reducing calorie content and promoting intestinal health. By contrast, the effects of OS on inflammation are less well investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sucrose-derived OS on glucose control and inflammation in high fat (HF) diet-fed mice. Male C57BL6 mice were randomly assigned to six treatment groups (n = 10-14 mice per group): 1) lean control (CON), 2) HF control, 3) HF-low sucrose (LS, 100 mg/kg/day), 4) HF-high sucrose (HS, 1000 mg/kg/day), 5) HF-low OS (LOS, 100 mg/kg/day), and 6) HF-high OS (HOS, 1000 mg/kg/day). PBS (vehicle), sucrose, and OS were administered by stomach gavage. Body weight, food intake, and markers of liver function (activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) were not affected by the treatments. HOS treatment decreased levels of serum glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance compared with sucrose treatment. However, serum adiponectin levels of the HOS group were higher than those of the sucrose groups. Serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fetuin-A were lower in the HOS group than in the sucrose groups. Hepatic gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related factors (fetuin-A, NF-κB, TLR4, TNF-alpha, and IL-6) were decreased and the levels of insulin signaling-related molecules (sirtuin 1, insulin receptor, and Akt) were increased in HOS-treated mice as compared with sucrose-treated mice. These results demonstrate that OS treatment is effective in improving glucose control and inflammation in high fat diet-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gyung Kang
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghwa Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea.
| | - Doman Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
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Supplemental epilactose prevents metabolic disorders through uncoupling protein-1 induction in the skeletal muscle of mice fed high-fat diets. Br J Nutr 2015; 114:1774-83. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515003505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObesity is one of the major health problems throughout the world. The present study investigated the preventive effect of epilactose – a rare non-digestible disaccharide – on obesity and metabolic disorders in mice fed high-fat (HF) diets. Feeding with HF diets increased body weight gain, fat pad weight and adipocyte size in mice (P<0·01), and these increases were effectively prevented by the use of supplemental epilactose without influencing food intake (P<0·01). Caecal pools of SCFA such as acetic and propionic acids in mice fed epilactose were higher compared with mice not receiving epilactose. Supplemental epilactose increased the expression of uncoupling protein (UCP)-1, which enhances energy expenditure, to 2-fold in the gastrocnemius muscle (P=0·04) and to 1·3-fold in the brown adipose tissue (P=0·02) in mice fed HF diets. Feeding HF diets induced pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration into white adipose tissue, as indicated by the increased expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, TNF-α and F4/80, and these increases were attenuated by supplemental epilactose. In differentiated myogenic-like C2C12 cells, propionic acid, but not acetic or n-butyric acids, directly enhanced UCP-1 expression by approximately 2-fold (P<0·01). Taken together, these findings indicate that the epilactose-mediated increase in UCP-1 in the skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue can enhance whole-body energy expenditure, leading to effective prevention of obesity and metabolic disorders in mice fed HF diets. It is suggested that propionic acid – a bacterial metabolite – acts as a mediator to induce UCP-1 expression in skeletal muscles.
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Um MY, Ahn J, Jung CH, Ha TY. Cholesterol-lowering Effect of Rice Protein by Enhancing Fecal Excretion of Lipids in Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 18:210-3. [PMID: 24471134 PMCID: PMC3892493 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2013.18.3.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of isolated protein from white rice on lipid metabolism in a hypercholesterolemic animal model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and fed either a normal diet or a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) containing either casein or isolated rice protein for 4 weeks. Compared with rats fed a HCD with casein, the total cholesterol (TC) level in the plasma was significantly reduced in the rats fed rice protein. However, no significant differences were observed in the triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and glucose levels among the experimental groups. Hepatic total lipids and TC levels were significantly decreased by supplementation with rice protein. In addition, rice protein significantly increased the levels of TC and bile acids in the feces. These results suggest that rice protein may improve HCD-induced hypercholesterolemia by enhancing fecal excretion of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Um
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea
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Tamaru S, Kurayama T, Sakono M, Fukuda N, Nakamori T, Furuta H, Nagata Y, Tanaka K. Dietary soybean peptides containing a low-molecular fraction can lower serum and liver triglyceride levels in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2014; 60:436-42. [PMID: 25866308 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.60.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of dietary soybean peptides, particularly low-molecular-weight peptides, on serum and hepatic concentrations of lipids in rats. Soybean protein isolate (SPI) was digested with protease to produce low-molecular-weight peptides (LD) or a mixture of high- and low-molecular-weight peptides (HLD). Rats were fed diets containing 20% casein, SPI, LD or HLD as a nitrogen source, with or without 0.5% cholesterol, for 2 wk. Next, rats were fed cholesterol-free diets containing 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% LD at the expense of casein for 2 wk. Serum triglyceride levels were the lowest in the LD group, and liver triglyceride levels were significantly lower in rats fed SPI and LD/HLD diets than in those fed casein diets, both in the presence and absence of dietary cholesterol. In addition, dietary LD significantly lowered serum and liver triglyceride levels in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that low-molecular-weight soybean peptides have a potent hypotriglyceridemic effect and may be beneficial for improving lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Tamaru
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 2) Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
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