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Bian H, Li W, Yu S, Mao J, Hong Y, Song Y, Cai P. How Climate Warming Influences the Phenology of Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in China: Insight from Long-Term Historical Data. INSECTS 2024; 15:474. [PMID: 39057207 PMCID: PMC11276667 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916), a significant pest affecting various fruits such as pears, apples, peaches, etc., is highly adaptable to changing temperatures. However, the phenological response mechanism of this pest to climate warming remains unclear. To address this issue, we collected population dynamics data of G. molesta in China over the years along with corresponding climate data. We analyzed five phenological indexes: the first, end, and peak occurrence dates of contemporary adults as well as the first and peak occurrence dates of overwintering adults in China. Results revealed an upward trend in the annual average temperature and average temperature of the four seasons in regions infested by G. molesta in eastern, northeastern, northwestern, northern, and southwestern China from 1980 to 2020. Notably, the population peak date of overwintering adults in northeastern and eastern China significantly advanced along with the first occurrence date and the population peak date of overwintering adults in northern China. Additionally, the population peak date of contemporary adults in northwestern China significantly advanced. However, the end occurrence date of contemporary adults in northern China was significantly delayed, as was the first occurrence date of overwintering adults in northwestern China. Furthermore, our study demonstrated spatial heterogeneity in the phenological response of G. molesta to climate warming across China. This study elucidates the phenological response of G. molesta to climate warming, offering valuable insights for predicting future pest infestations and informing adaptive pest management strategies in fruit tree cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Bian
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wenzhuo Li
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Shengjun Yu
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jianxiang Mao
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yongcong Hong
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yunzhe Song
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Pumo Cai
- College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (H.B.); (W.L.); (S.Y.); (J.M.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Zannou AJ, Karaca MM, Karut K. Effect of constant and fluctuating low temperature on the survival of Tuta absoluta pupae. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 114:1-7. [PMID: 38098272 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Temperature is among the key factors impacting the establishment and spread of invasive pests. The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the major pests attacking Solanaceae plants and is known to possess overwintering capacities. However, the cold hardiness of T. absoluta pupae is poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the effect of constant temperature and stepwise cooling on T. absoluta pupae under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, bioassays on pupal development under constant temperature (5°C) for 30, 60 and 90 days, and stepwise changes in temperature (11, 10 and 8°C; in this order every 30 days), were assessed. We found that exposure to 5°C for 30 and 60 days did not affect the post-cooling emergence time of adults compared to the control. Pupae completed their development after 60 days of cold exposure at 5°C, but more adults emerged after 30 than 60 days. Even though alive pupae were observed after 90 days of cold exposure at 5°C, no adults emerged. External colours of pupae depended on the duration of cold periods, and green pupae obtained after 30 and 60 days were found to be positively correlated with the emergence of adults. When pupae were kept at 11°C for 30 days, 47% emerged, and when the temperature was changed to 10, only 12% of pupae emerged for the period 31-60 days. However, the decrease of the temperature to 8°C yielded no emergence for the period 61-90 days. Our study provides useful information to better understand the population dynamics of overwintering T. absoluta, and to underpin the development of monitoring and control strategies for the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide Joseph Zannou
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Mete Karaca
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Kamil Karut
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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Macchiano A, Miller E, Agali U, Ola-Ajose A, Fowler-Finn KD. Developmental temperature alters the thermal sensitivity of courtship activity and signal-preference relationships, but not mating rates. Oecologia 2023; 202:97-111. [PMID: 37166505 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mating behaviors are sensitive to novel or stressful thermal conditions, particularly for ectothermic organisms. An organism's sensitivity to temperature, which may manifest in altered mating outcomes, can be shaped in part by temperatures experienced during development. Here, we tested how developmental temperature shapes the expression of adult mating-related behaviors across different ambient conditions, with a focus on courtship behavior, mating rates, and mating signals and preferences. To do so, we reared treehoppers under two temperature regimes and then tested the expression of male and female mating behaviors across a range of ambient temperatures. We found that developmental temperature affects the thermal sensitivity of courtship behavior and mating signals for males. However, developmental temperature did not affect the thermal sensitivity of courtship or mate preferences in females. This sex-specific plasticity did not alter the likelihood of mating across ambient temperatures, but it did disrupt how closely mating signals and preferences matched each other at higher ambient temperatures. As a result, developmental temperature could alter sexual selection through signal-preference de-coupling. We further discuss how adult age may drive sex-specific results, and the potential for mismatches between developmental and mating thermal environments under future climate change predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Macchiano
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Em Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | | | | | - Kasey D Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA
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Stella D, Kleisner K. Visible beyond Violet: How Butterflies Manage Ultraviolet. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13030242. [PMID: 35323542 PMCID: PMC8955501 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) means ‘beyond violet’ (from Latin ‘ultra’, meaning ‘beyond’), whereby violet is the colour with the highest frequencies in the ‘visible’ light spectrum. By ‘visible’ we mean human vision, but, in comparison to many other organisms, human visual perception is rather limited in terms of the wavelengths it can perceive. Still, this is why communication in the UV spectrum is often called hidden, although it most likely plays an important role in communicating various kinds of information among a wide variety of organisms. Since Silberglied’s revolutionary Communication in the Ultraviolet, comprehensive studies on UV signals in a wide list of genera are lacking. This review investigates the significance of UV reflectance (and UV absorption)—a feature often neglected in intra- and interspecific communication studies—mainly in Lepidoptera. Although the text focuses on various butterfly families, links and connections to other animal groups, such as birds, are also discussed in the context of ecology and the evolution of species. The basic mechanisms of UV colouration and factors shaping the characteristics of UV patterns are also discussed in a broad context of lepidopteran communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stella
- Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kleisner
- Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
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Pak D, Carran S, Biddinger D, Nelson B, Bjørnstad ON. Incorporating diapause to predict the interannual dynamics of an important agricultural pest. POPUL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/1438-390x.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damie Pak
- Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Spencer Carran
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | - David Biddinger
- Department of Entomology Pennsylvania State University Fruit Research & Extension Center Biglerville Pennsylvania USA
| | - Bill Nelson
- Department of Biology Queens University Kingston Ontario Canada
| | - Ottar N. Bjørnstad
- Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
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Li BL, Li MM, Li TT, Wu JX, Xu XL. Demography of Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at outdoor fluctuating temperatures. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 111:385-393. [PMID: 33988096 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major migratory pest of cereal crops in East Asia, South Asia and Australia. To comprehensively understand the ecological tolerance of M. separata, we collected life table data of individuals from four consecutive generations reared under outdoor natural fluctuating temperatures from 15 April to 17 October 2018 in Yangling, Shaanxi, China. The results showed that the immature stage in early summer and summer were shorter than in spring and autumn. High mortality in late larval instar and pupal stages was observed in the summer generation. The adult pre-oviposition period in autumn was longer than the other seasons. The population in the earlier two seasons had heavier pupae and higher fecundity than the population in the latter two seasons. The intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase was the highest in early summer (r = 0.1292 day-1, λ = 1.1391 day-1), followed by spring (r = 0.1102 day-1, λ = 1.1165 day-1), and was the lowest in summer (r = 0.0281 day-1, λ = 1.0293 day-1). The results of this study would be useful to predict the population dynamics of M. separata and deepen our standing of the adaptiveness of this migratory pest in natural fluctuating ambient environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Liao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Xiang-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
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Cao LJ, Li BY, Chen JC, Zhu JY, Hoffmann AA, Wei SJ. Local climate adaptation and gene flow in the native range of two co-occurring fruit moths with contrasting invasiveness. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:4204-4219. [PMID: 34278603 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species pose increasing threats to global biodiversity and ecosystems. While previous studies have characterized successful invaders based on ecological traits, characteristics related to evolutionary processes have rarely been investigated. Here we compared gene flow and local adaptation using demographic analyses and outlier tests in two co-occurring moth pests across their common native range of China, one of which (the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii) has maintained its native distribution, while the other (the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta) has expanded its range globally during the past century. We found that both species showed a pattern of genetic differentiation and an evolutionary history consistent with a common southwestern origin and northward expansion in their native range. However, for the noninvasive species, genetic differentiation was closely aligned with the environment, and there was a relatively low level of gene flow, whereas in the invasive species, genetic differentiation was associated with geography. Genome scans indicated stronger patterns of climate-associated loci in the noninvasive species. While strong local adaptation and reduced gene flow across its native range may have decreased the invasiveness of C. sasakii, this requires further validation with additional comparisons of invasive and noninvasive species across their native range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Cao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-Yan Li
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Cui Chen
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wei M, Chi H, Guo Y, Li X, Zhao L, Ma R. Demography of Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Reared on Four Cultivars of Pyrus bretschneideri (Rosales: Rosaceae) and P. communis Pears With Estimations of Confidence Intervals of Specific Life Table Statistics. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2343-2353. [PMID: 32785577 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The psyllid Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang & Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a serious pest of pears in China. To determine and contrast the fitness of the psyllid on two endemic cultivars of Pyrus bretschneideri (i.e., BHXS and BSL) and two introduced cultivars of Pyrus communis (i.e., CB and CRB), we analyzed data on the development, survival, and fecundity from C. chinensis individuals reared on the four cultivars. The age-stage, two-sex life table theory was used in order to enable the inclusion of males in the analysis as well as a means of identifying the variation in developmental durations among individuals. Results indicated that C. chinensis can successfully develop and reproduce on all four pear cultivars. However, based on the lower preadult survival rate, longer preadult duration, longer total preoviposition period (TPOP), and lower fecundity that occurred on both cultivars of P. communis, these two cultivars are less favorable hosts for C. chinensis than the P. bretschneideri cultivars. The lower intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R0) on CB and CRB pears showed these two introduced cultivars are more resistant to C. chinensis than the endemic BHXS and BSL pears. These resistant cultivars would be appropriate candidates for managing C. chinensis. We used the bootstrap technique to estimate the uncertainty of the population parameters (r, λ, R0, etc.), while also demonstrating that it can be used for estimating the 0.025 and 0.975 percentile confidence intervals of the age of survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Cotton Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng, Shanxi, China
| | - Hsin Chi
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yongfu Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Longlong Zhao
- Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruiyan Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Bhusal DR, Chandra Ghimire K, Patel P, Bista M, Upadhyay R, Kumar B. Temperature and altitude modulate feeding attributes of Mexican beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister on Parthenium hysterophorus. J Therm Biol 2020; 89:102540. [PMID: 32364984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an effective biocontrol agent of Parthenium hysterophorus L. which is an alien invasive herbaceous weed with a pan-tropical distribution. The present study aimed to assess the effects of temperature and altitude on feeding attributes (consumption rate, conversion efficiency and growth rate) of adults from the wild populations of Z. bicolorata inhabiting India and Nepal. Results revealed that adults inhabiting areas of low temperature (24°C ‒ 25°C) and high altitude (415 m ‒1400 m) were large and had higher food consumption rates. In contrast, those inhabiting areas of high temperature (34°C ‒ 36°C) and low altitude (81 m ‒ 229 m) were smaller and had higher food utilization efficiencies. In all the eco-climatic regions, females were larger than males and had higher feeding attributes than their counterparts. Temperature between 27°C and 30°C was found optimal for Z. bicolorata adults to convert and utilize the food biomass to body mass. Above the optimal temperature the feeding attributes decreased. Present results suggest that there exists a possibility for decrease in body size, and thereby weed biocontrol efficiency of Z. bicolorata adults with an increase in temperature due to global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daya Ram Bhusal
- Central Department of Zoology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Priya Patel
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahadev Bista
- Department of Zoology, Siddha Nath Science Campus (TU), Mahendranagar, Nepal
| | | | - Bhupendra Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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