1
|
Cartuche Macas LF, Camacho Vallejo ME, González Ariza A, León Jurado JM, Delgado Bermejo JV, Marín Navas C, Navas González FJ. Analysis of Endangered Andalusian Black Cattle (Negra Andaluza) Reveals Genetic Reservoir for Bovine Black Trunk. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1131. [PMID: 38612370 PMCID: PMC11010997 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive study on the Andalusian Black cattle breed reveals a substantial population decline, with the average herd size decreasing significantly from 305.54 to 88.28 animals per herd. This decline is primarily attributed to agricultural changes and the introduction of foreign meat-focused breeds. The male-to-female ratio shift is noteworthy, with more cows than bulls, impacting selection intensity for both genders. Inbreeding levels, though relatively low historically (5.94%) and currently (7.23%), raise concerns as 37.08% historically and 48.82% currently of the animals exhibit inbreeding. Positive assortative mating is evident, reflected by the increasing non-random mating coefficient (α). Key ancestors play a crucial role in shaping genetic diversity, with one ancestor significantly influencing the current genetic pool and the top 10 ancestors contributing substantially. Breed maintains a conservation index of 2.75, indicating relatively high genetic diversity. Recent conservation efforts have led to an increase in registered animals. The Cañadas Reales, historical transhumance routes, may have contributed to genetic connections among provinces. Challenges include the historical bottleneck, demographic changes, and potential impacts from reproductive practices. The Andalusian Black breed's conservation necessitates ongoing efforts in genealogical registration, targeted breeding programs, and collaborative initiatives to address the observed demographic shifts and ensure sustainable genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Favian Cartuche Macas
- Faculty of Biology, Amazonian State University, Lago Agrio Headquarters, Nueva Loja 210203, Ecuador;
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.V.D.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | | | - Antonio González Ariza
- Centro Agropecuario Provincial de Córdoba, Diputación Provincial de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (A.G.A.); (J.M.L.J.)
| | - José Manuel León Jurado
- Centro Agropecuario Provincial de Córdoba, Diputación Provincial de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (A.G.A.); (J.M.L.J.)
| | - Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.V.D.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Carmen Marín Navas
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.V.D.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bahreini MS, Zarei F, Dastan N, Sami Jahromi S, Pourzargham P, Asgari Q. The relationship between Toxoplasma gondii infection in mothers and neonate's gender. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:4263-4267. [PMID: 33207997 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1849103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The secondary sex ratio can be affected by various factors such as stress, immunosuppression, and age of parents in addition to mother infectious disease (Maternal infections). Toxoplasmosis is one of the critical maternal parasitic infections during pregnancy. Besides the complications of the acute form of the disease, hormonal shifts, and even alterations in the secondary sex ratio can be induced by the manipulative activity of the chronic form of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the correlation between Toxoplasma gondii infection in mothers and neonate's gender. METHODS In this case-control study, 137 seropositive mothers to Anti-Toxoplasma IgG(case) was compared to 137 age-matched subject Toxoplasma-seronegative mothers(control) in terms of their neonate's gender. These individuals were randomly selected based on exclusions and inclusions criteria of the study from among 2014 mothers who had been tested for Toxoplasma infection during pregnancy from 2015 to 2018 in Shiraz, Iran. RESULTS From a total of 2014 studied pregnant mothers, 326 (16.2%) mothers were seropositive to anti-Toxoplasma IgG, and 1688 (83.8%) were negative for IgG. It was found that the numbers of female and male neonates were 136 (45.48%) and 163 (54.51%) in the control group whereas, they were 165 (49.84%) and 166 (50.15%) in the case group, respectively. The sex ratio was 1.006:1 in Toxoplasma-seropositive and 1.2:1 in Toxoplasma-seronegative mothers. The number of male and females offsprings indicated a significant difference in Toxoplasma-seronegative mothers (54.5%, p = .015). Moreover, comparing the number of males and females between the two randomly selected groups showed that female gender is significantly more than male gender in seropositive mothers to Toxoplasma (54.8%, p = .014), which means that of 301 females, 165 offspring were born to seropositive mothers. No significant difference was observed for the sex ratio of aborted fetuses between groups. However, in the Toxoplasma-seropositive group, the sex ratio of aborted fetuses showed that the aborted male fetuses were significantly higher in number. (31 male vs 13 female, p < .001). CONCLUSION Comprehensively, a significant relationship was found between chronic Toxoplasma infection and secondary sex ratio. However, it is suggested that this relationship be investigated in further studies as well as an animal study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Bahreini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarei
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Dastan
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sareh Sami Jahromi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Pourzargham
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Qasem Asgari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mulley JF. Greater Loss of Female Embryos During Human Pregnancy: A Novel Mechanism. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900063. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John F. Mulley
- School of Natural SciencesBangor University Deiniol Road Bangor LL57 2UW UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Perret M. Litter sex composition affects first reproduction in female grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus). Physiol Behav 2019; 208:112575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
5
|
Li F, Yang Q, Shi H, Xin H, Luo X, Sun Y. Effects of obesity on sperm retrieval, early embryo quality and clinical outcomes in men with nonobstructive azoospermia undergoing testicular sperm aspiration-intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13265. [PMID: 30854691 DOI: 10.1111/and.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of body mass index (BMI) on sperm retrieval, early embryo quality and clinical outcomes in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoing testicular sperm aspiration-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (TESA-ICSI). A total of 3,005 infertile couples were evaluated between January 2010 and June 2017, including 1585 normal-weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2 ), 847 overweight (BMI 25-29.99 kg/m2 ) and 573 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) patients. We found no significant relationship between BMI and sperm retrieval rate (22.4%, 24.3% and 25.1%, p = 0.327) or sperm motility. Among the 705 patients with NOA who underwent TESA-ICSI cycles, obese individuals had lower T levels and higher E2 levels than normal-weight and overweight individuals. However, there were no significant differences in other male hormones (follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], or prolactin [PRL]) among the groups. We also found that the sperm parameters, embryo quality and clinical outcomes of patients with NOA undergoing TESA-ICSI were not influenced by high BMI levels. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a lack of obvious effects of obesity on sperm retrieval, early embryo quality and clinical outcomes in infertile men undergoing TESA-ICSI cycles, although T and E2 levels were affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingling Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hang Xin
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Reproductive Medical Center and Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Perret M. Revisiting the Trivers-Willard theory on birth sex ratio bias: Role of paternal condition in a Malagasy primate. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209640. [PMID: 30576370 PMCID: PMC6303032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Within current theories on potential adaptive manipulation of offspring sex ratio, giving birth to a male or to a female is assumed to depend on the capacity of the mother to invest in offspring to maximize her fitness. The active role of the father in sex ratio bias at birth has been neglected until recently. The human sex ratio at birth is biased towards sons, although in occidental populations, the ratio has decreased regularly for 30 years and could be the consequence of the adverse effects of environmental chemicals on male hormones. In a Malagasy primate, the lesser mouse lemur, the potential effect of paternal testosterone levels on sex ratio bias at birth was tested on 130 litters (278 babies) produced in 52 mixed-sex groups. For each group, social dominance among males was characterized based on aggressive interactions and sexual behaviours. Using a multi correspondence analysis, high testosterone levels in grouped males, particularly those of the dominant male, were significantly correlated with more infants produced in male-biased litters, independent of the female condition. According to these results, predictions for sex ratio bias towards one sex or the other in mouse lemurs were discussed considering the influence of both parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Perret
- UMR Mecadev 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Brunoy, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
James WH, Grech V. Can offspring sex ratios help to explain the endocrine effects of toxoplasmosis infection on human behaviour? Early Hum Dev 2018; 122:42-44. [PMID: 29886408 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Humans infected with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii display a wide variety of abnormal behaviours, from suicide and depression to stuttering. These behaviours have been seen as so serious as to constitute a public health problem. It is not clear to what extent the parasite is a cause of, or merely a marker for, these behaviours, but there is evidence for both. Some of these behaviours are associated with changes in steroid hormones, that is, estrogen in women and testosterone in men. It is suggested here that these endocrine-related states of infected people may be better understood by studying their offspring sex ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H James
- Galton Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6HH, UK
| | - Victor Grech
- Victor Grech, Paediatric Department, University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
James WH, Grech V. Can sex ratios at birth be used in the assessment of public health, and in the identification of causes of selected pathologies? Early Hum Dev 2018; 118:15-21. [PMID: 29428574 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper will consist of two parts. In the first, further support is given to the proposal that offspring sex ratios (proportions male) may usefully be regarded as indicators of public health. In the second, it is shown that sex ratios may help in the identification of the causes and effects of several pathologies that seriously impinge on public health viz. autism, testicular cancer, hepatitis B and toxoplasmosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H James
- Galton Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6HH, UK
| | - Victor Grech
- Victor Grech, Academic Department of Paediatrics, University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
James WH, Grech V. Offspring sex ratio: Coital rates and other potential causal mechanisms. Early Hum Dev 2018; 116:24-27. [PMID: 29107834 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, scientists have begun to pay serious attention to the hypothesis that human parental coital rates around the time of conception causally influences the sexes of subsequent births. In this paper, the grounds of the argument are outlined. The point is important because, if the hypothesis were credible, it can potentially explain one of the best established (and otherwise unexplained) epidemiological features of sex ratio at birth - its rises during and just after World Wars 1 and 2 insofar as increased coital rates increase the ratio. Moreover, the greater the understanding of the variations of sex ratio at birth, the greater will be the understanding of the causes of those selected diseases associated with unusual sex ratios at birth (testicular cancer, hepatitis B, Toxoplasma gondii, and, perhaps, prostatic cancer).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H James
- Galton Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, United Kingdom.
| | - Victor Grech
- Paediatric Department, University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The human sex ratio (proportion male) at birth (SRB) varies with many variables. Some of this variation has an established proximate cause. For instance, low SRB (more females) at birth are associated with various forms of stressful events or circumstances during or prior to pregnancy. These low SRB are almost certainly mainly caused by maternal-stress-induced male foetal loss. Other types of SRB variation are thought to be caused by hormonal variation in either or both parents around the time of conception. One or other of these two types of proximate cause seems to be responsible for most of the established variation of SRB. This will be illustrated here in respect of some selected forms of SRB variation. It seems likely that a clarification of the hormonal causes of SRB variation will also help explain the striking (apparent) inconsistencies in the results of reported tests of the influential Trivers-Willard hypothesis. It is further proposed that an appreciation of the evidence that parental hormones influence SRB may enhance understanding of several important pathologies (hepatitis B, toxoplasmosis, testicular cancer, prostate cancer and autism).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H James
- The Galton Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Victor Grech
- Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital Medical School, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
James WH. Studies of human sex ratios at birth may lead to the understanding of several forms of pathology. Hum Biol 2015; 85:769-88. [PMID: 25078960 DOI: 10.3378/027.085.0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This article deals with the problem of the causes of the variation of sex ratio (proportion male) at birth. This problem is common to a number of areas in biology and medicine, for example, obstetrics, neurology/psychiatry, parasitology, virology, oncology, and teratology. It is established that there are signifi cantly biased, but unexplained, sex ratios in each of these fields. Yet workers in them (with the possible exception of virology) have regarded the problem as a minor loose end, irrelevant to the field's major problems. However, as far as I know, no one has previously noted that unexplained biased sex ratios occur, and thus pose (perhaps similar) problems, in all these fields. Here it is suggested that similar sorts of solutions apply in each. Further research is proposed for testing each solution. If the argument here is substantially correct across this range of topics, it may lead to an improved understanding not only of sex ratio but also of some of the pathologies in these specialties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H James
- The Galton Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Csermely G, Urbán R, Czeizel AE, Veszprémi B. Sex ratio of congenital abnormalities in the function of maternal age: a population-based study. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2015; 55:85-91. [PMID: 25354028 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal age effect is well-known in the origin of numerical chromosomal aberrations and some isolated congenital abnormalities (CAs). The sex ratio (SR), i.e. number of males divided by the number of males and females together, of most CAs deviates from the SR of newborn population (0.51). The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the possible association of maternal age with the SR of isolated CAs in a population-based large dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980-1996. First, SR of 24 CA entities/groups was estimated in 21,494 patients with isolated CA. In the next step SR of different maternal age groups was compared to the mean SR of the given CA-groups. The SR of four CA-groups showed some deviation in certain maternal age groups. Cases with anencephaly had female excess in young mothers (<25 years). Cases with skull's CAs particularly craniosynostosis had a male excess in cases born to women over 30 years. Two other CA groups (cleft lip ± palate and valvar pulmonic stenosis within the group of right-sided obstructive defect of heart) had significant deviation in SR of certain maternal age groups from the mean SR, but these deviations were not harmonized with joining age groups and thus were considered as a chance effect due to multiple testing. In conclusion, our study did not suggest that in general SR of isolated CAs might be modified by certain maternal age groups with some exception such as anencephaly and craniosynostosis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Evolution and the variation of mammalian sex ratios at birth: Reflections on Trivers and Willard (1973). J Theor Biol 2013; 334:141-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Miraglia SGEK, Veras MM, Amato-Lourenço LF, Rodrigues-Silva F, Saldiva PHN. Follow-up of the air pollution and the human male-to-female ratio analysis in Sao Paulo, Brazil: a times series study. BMJ Open 2013; 3:bmjopen-2013-002552. [PMID: 23892420 PMCID: PMC3731748 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In order to assess if ambient air pollution in urban areas could be related to alterations in male/female ratio this study objectives to evaluate changes in ambient particulate matter (PM10) concentrations after implementation of pollution control programmes in São Paulo city and the secondary sex ratio (SRR). DESIGN AND METHODS A time series study was conducted. São Paulo's districts were stratified according to the PM10 concentrations levels and were used as a marker of overall air pollution. The male ratio was chosen to represent the secondary sex ratio (SSR=total male birth/total births). The SSR data from each area was analysed according to the time variation and PM10 concentration areas using descriptive statistics. The strength association between annual average of PM10 concentration and SSR was performed through exponential regression, and it was adopted as a statistical significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS The exponential regression showed a negative and significant association between PM10 and SSR. SSR varied from 51.4% to 50.7% in São Paulo in the analysed period (2000-2007). Considering the PM10 average concentration in São Paulo city of 44.72 μg/m(3) in the study period, the SSR decline reached almost 4.37%, equivalent to 30 934 less male births. CONCLUSIONS Ambient levels of PM10 are negatively associated with changes in the SSR. Therefore, we can speculate that higher levels of particulate pollution could be related to increased rates of female births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas (ICAQF), Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rodrigues-Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Doğer E, Cakıroğlu Y, Köpük SY, Ceylan Y, Simşek HU, Calışkan E. Impact of earthquakes on sex ratio at birth: Eastern Marmara earthquakes. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2013; 14:92-7. [PMID: 24592082 DOI: 10.5152/jtgga.2013.69320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous reports suggest that maternal exposure to acute stress related to earthquakes affects the sex ratio at birth. Our aim was to examine the change in sex ratio at birth after Eastern Marmara earthquake disasters. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was performed using the official birth statistics from January 1997 to December 2002 - before and after 17 August 1999, the date of the Golcuk Earthquake - supplied from the Turkey Statistics Institute. The secondary sex ratio was expressed as the male proportion at birth, and the ratio of both affected and unaffected areas were calculated and compared on a monthly basis using data from gender with using the Chi-square test. RESULTS We observed significant decreases in the secondary sex ratio in the 4th and 8th months following an earthquake in the affected region compared to the unaffected region (p= 0.001 and p= 0.024). In the earthquake region, the decrease observed in the secondary sex ratio during the 8th month after an earthquake was specific to the period after the earthquake. CONCLUSION Our study indicated a significant reduction in the secondary sex ratio after an earthquake. With these findings, events that cause sudden intense stress such as earthquakes can have an effect on the sex ratio at birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emek Doğer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Cakıroğlu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sule Yıldırım Köpük
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yasin Ceylan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hayal Uzelli Simşek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Eray Calışkan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bochud F, Jung T. Comment on the human sex odds at birth after the atmospheric atomic bomb tests, after Chernobyl, and in the vicinity of nuclear facilities, Hagen Scherb & Kristina Voigt Environ, Sci Pollut Res (2011) 18:697-707. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 19:2456-2459. [PMID: 22327606 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
17
|
Rueness J, Vatten L, Eskild A. The human sex ratio: effects of maternal age. Hum Reprod 2011; 27:283-7. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
18
|
Dama MS. Sex ratio at birth and mortality rates are negatively related in humans. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23792. [PMID: 21887320 PMCID: PMC3161077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary theory posits that resource availability and parental investment ability could signal offspring sex selection, in order to maximize reproductive returns. Non-human studies have provided evidence for this phenomenon, and maternal condition around the time of conception has been identified as most important factor that influence offspring sex selection. However, studies on humans have reported inconsistent results, mostly due to use of disparate measures as indicators of maternal condition. In the present study, the cross-cultural differences in human natal sex ratio were analyzed with respect to indirect measures of condition namely, life expectancy and mortality rate. Multiple regression modeling suggested that mortality rates have distinct predictive power independent of cross-cultural differences in fertility, wealth and latitude that were earlier shown to predict sex ratio at birth. These findings suggest that sex ratio variation in humans may relate to differences in parental and environmental conditions.
Collapse
|