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Volodin IA, Sibiryakova OV, Vasilieva NA, Volodina EV, Matrosova VA, Garcia AJ, Pérez-Barbería FJ, Gallego L, Landete-Castillejos T. Old and young female voices: effects of body weight, condition and social discomfort on the vocal aging in red deer hinds (Cervus elaphus). BEHAVIOUR 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In female terrestrial mammals, vocal aging has only been studied in humans and pandas. In cervids displaying convergent sex dimorphism of vocal apparatus with humans, vocal aging is only investigated in males. This cross-sectional study examined acoustic variables of nasal (closed-mouth) and oral (open-mouth) contact calls of 32 farmed Iberian red deer hinds (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) aged of 4-18 years and their relationships with caller´s age, weight, social discomfort score (bites of other hinds on hind pelt) and body condition score (fat reserves). Decrease of fundamental frequency was associated with age in both oral and nasal calls, but more prominently in the nasal calls. An increase in call duration, peak frequency and power quartiles was associated with a higher degree of bites due to social aggression. Weight and body condition weakly influenced acoustic traits. We discuss that vocal aging of hinds parallels that of vocal aging in human females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya A. Volodin
- aDepartment of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 12/1, Moscow 119991, Russia
- bScientific Research Department, Moscow Zoo, B. Gruzinskaya, 1, Moscow 123242, Russia
| | - Olga V. Sibiryakova
- aDepartment of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 12/1, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nina A. Vasilieva
- cSevertsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Elena V. Volodina
- bScientific Research Department, Moscow Zoo, B. Gruzinskaya, 1, Moscow 123242, Russia
| | - Vera A. Matrosova
- dEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str., 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrés J. Garcia
- eInstituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Laureano Gallego
- eInstituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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Hinde K, Skibiel AL, Foster AB, Del Rosso L, Mendoza SP, Capitanio JP. Cortisol in mother's milk across lactation reflects maternal life history and predicts infant temperament. Behav Ecol 2014; 26:269-281. [PMID: 25713475 PMCID: PMC4309982 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In monkeys, high cortisol and changes in cortisol levels in mother’s milk are associated with more nervous and less confident infants. Sons are more sensitive than are daughters to changes in cortisol in mother’s milk across lactation. Females that are earlier in their reproductive career tend to have higher cortisol in their milk. Mothers may be “programming” behaviorally cautious offspring that prioritize growth through cortisol signaling. The maternal environment exerts important influences on offspring mass/growth, metabolism, reproduction, neurobiology, immune function, and behavior among birds, insects, reptiles, fish, and mammals. For mammals, mother’s milk is an important physiological pathway for nutrient transfer and glucocorticoid signaling that potentially influences offspring growth and behavioral phenotype. Glucocorticoids in mother’s milk have been associated with offspring behavioral phenotype in several mammals, but studies have been handicapped by not simultaneously evaluating milk energy density and yield. This is problematic as milk glucocorticoids and nutrients likely have simultaneous effects on offspring phenotype. We investigated mother’s milk and infant temperament and growth in a cohort of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) mother–infant dyads at the California National Primate Research Center (N = 108). Glucocorticoids in mother’s milk, independent of available milk energy, predicted a more Nervous, less Confident temperament in both sons and daughters. We additionally found sex differences in the windows of sensitivity and the magnitude of sensitivity to maternal-origin glucocorticoids. Lower parity mothers produced milk with higher cortisol concentrations. Lastly, higher cortisol concentrations in milk were associated with greater infant weight gain across time. Taken together, these results suggest that mothers with fewer somatic resources, even in captivity, may be “programming” through cortisol signaling, behaviorally cautious offspring that prioritize growth. Glucocorticoids ingested through milk may importantly contribute to the assimilation of available milk energy, development of temperament, and orchestrate, in part, the allocation of maternal milk energy between growth and behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hinde
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA , ; Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Nutrition Laboratory, Smithsonian National Zoological Park , 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 , USA
| | - Amy L Skibiel
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA , ; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University , 101 Rouse Life Science Rd, Auburn, AL, 36849 , USA
| | - Alison B Foster
- Division of Early Childhood, Mills College , 5000 MacArthur Blvd, Oakland, CA, 94613 , USA , and
| | - Laura Del Rosso
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA
| | - Sally P Mendoza
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis , One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616 , USA
| | - John P Capitanio
- Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of Califoria, One Shields Avenue , Davis CA 95616 , USA , ; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis , One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616 , USA
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Quinn EA. No evidence for sex biases in milk macronutrients, energy, or breastfeeding frequency in a sample of Filipino mothers. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 152:209-16. [PMID: 23996600 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Maternal reproductive investment includes both the energetic costs of gestation and lactation. For most humans, the metabolic costs of lactation will exceed those of gestation. Mothers must balance reproductive investment in any single offspring against future reproductive potential. Among mammals broadly, mothers may differentially invest in offspring based on sex and maternal condition provided such differences investment influence future offspring reproductive success. For humans, there has been considerable debate if there are physiological differences in maternal investment by offspring sex. Two recent studies have suggested that milk composition differs by infant sex, with male infants receiving milk containing higher fat and energy; prior human studies have not reported sex-based differences in milk composition. This study investigates offspring sex-based differences in milk macronutrients, milk energy, and nursing frequency (per 24 h) in a sample of 103 Filipino mothers nursing infants less than 18 months of age. We found no differences in milk composition by infant sex. There were no significant differences in milk composition of mothers nursing first-born versus later-born sons or daughters or between high- and low-income mothers nursing daughters or sons. Nursing frequency also showed no significant differences by offspring sex, sex by birth order, or sex by maternal economic status. In the Cebu sample, there is no support for sex-based differences in reproductive investment during lactation as indexed by milk composition or nursing frequency. Further investigation in other populations is necessary to evaluate the potential for sex-based differences in milk composition among humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Quinn
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
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Riesch R, Martin RA, Lerp H, Plath M, Wronski T. Size and sex matter: reproductive biology and determinants of offspring survival inGazella marica. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Riesch
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; University of Sheffield; Sheffield; S10 2TN; UK
| | - Ryan A. Martin
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis; Claxton Building; 1122 Volunteer Boulevard; Suite 106; Knoxville; TN; 37996-3410; USA
| | - Hannes Lerp
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13; 60438; Frankfurt am Main; Germany
| | - Martin Plath
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13; 60438; Frankfurt am Main; Germany
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Ceacero F, García AJ, Landete-Castillejos T, Bartošová J, Bartoš L, Gallego L. Benefits for dominant red deer hinds under a competitive feeding system: food access behavior, diet and nutrient selection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32780. [PMID: 22403707 PMCID: PMC3293856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Social dominance is widely known to facilitate access to food resources in many animal species such as deer. However, research has paid little attention to dominance in ad libitum access to food because it was thought not to result in any benefit for dominant individuals. In this study we assessed if, even under ad libitum conditions, social rank may allow dominant hinds to consume the preferred components of food. Forty-four red deer hinds (Cervus elaphus) were allowed to consume ad libitum meal consisting of pellets of sunflower, lucerne and orange, and seeds of cereals, corn, cotton, and carob tree. The meal was placed only in one feeder, which reduced accessibility to a few individuals simultaneously. During seven days, feeding behavior (order of access, time to first feeding bout, total time spent feeding, and time per feeding bout) were assessed during the first hour. The relative abundance of each meal component was assessed at times 0, 1 and 5 h, as well as its nutritional composition. Social rank was positively related to the amount of time spent feeding during the 1(st) h (P = 0.048). Selection indices were positively correlated with energy (P = 0.018 during the 1(st) h and P = 0.047 from 1(st) to 5(th)) and fat (only during the 1(st) h; P = 0.036), but also negatively with certain minerals. Thus, dominant hinds could select high energy meal components for longer time under an ad libitum but restricted food access setting. Selection indices showed a higher selectivity when food availability was higher (1(st) hour respect to 1(st) to 5(th)). Finally, high and low ranking hinds had longer time per feeding bout than mid ones (P = 0.011), suggesting complex behavioral feeding tactics of low ranking social ungulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ceacero
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, ETSIA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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