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Lopes AS, López-Hernández D, Pinto HA. Morphological and molecular data confirm the occurrence of Paramphistomum leydeni (Trematoda: Paramphistomidae) in ruminants from Southern Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 52:101050. [PMID: 38880579 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Species belonging to the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901, commonly known as "rumen flukes", are a group of parasites frequently related to Brazilian livestock production. They inhabit the digestive tract of ruminants and have recognized pathogenicity during the early stages of infection, which can be responsible for economic losses. These trematodes are often associated with Southern Brazil, a region heavily focused on animal farming, which also makes it ideal for the life cycle of paramphistomes. Despite their aforementioned importance, studies regarding their distribution, molecular taxonomy and biology are still scarce in the country. In the present study, rumen flukes collected from cattle (n = 22) and sheep (n = 3) from 9 batches of ruminants from the cities of Jaguarão, Pelotas and Rio Grande, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between May and July 2022, were subjected to morphological and molecular study. The microscopic analysis of histological and manual cuts revealed diagnostical traits compatible with Paramphistomum leydeni Näsmark, 1937, including the presence of tegumental papillae, pharynx of the liorchis type and acetabulum of the leydeni type. Molecular data corroborated the morphological identification, with ITS-2 and cox-1 sequences here obtained presenting 100% and 96.8-99.8% similarity, respectively, to P. leydeni samples previously characterized in different countries from Asia, Europe, and South America. Intensity of infection ranged from 5 to 458 and 1 to3 specimens of P. leydeni in sampled cattle and sheep, respectively. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the taxonomy of the flukes involved in cattle and sheep paramphistomosis in Brazil, suggesting that P. leydeni could be the main paramphistome species found in ruminants in the studied region.
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Affiliation(s)
- André S Lopes
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danimar López-Hernández
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hudson A Pinto
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Rehbein S, Vymyslická PJ, Peterka T, Strube C, Visser M, Mayr S, Lackerschmid J. Calicophoron daubneyi (Paramphistomidae) in deer of the Šumava National Park, Czech Republic - Consequence of prevalent rumen fluke infection in cattle. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 50:101012. [PMID: 38644044 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
A substantial parallel increase in prevalence and geographical spread of the rumen fluke, Calicophoron daubneyi, in livestock in western and central Europe has been recognized in the recent past. In the course of the examination of rectum feces of 471 red deer (Cervus elaphus) and one sika deer (Cervus nippon) from the Fascioloides magna endemic Šumava National Park in the years 2021 and 2022, rumen fluke eggs were detected in four red deer (0.8%) and the sika deer and identified as eggs of C. daubneyi by molecular analysis. Subsequent examination of rectal fecal samples of 247 beef cattle from 22 herds of 14 farms located in or nearby the national park revealed rumen fluke eggs in 53 samples (21.5%) originating from 16 herds of 11 farms, molecularly identified as C. daubneyi eggs as well. One C. daubneyi egg positive red deer and three C. daubneyi egg positive cattle samples also contained fasciolid eggs, respectively, which were detected in 9.5% or 3.6% of the total samples from red deer or cattle, respectively. Results of this investigation reveal the first finding of C. daubneyi in sika deer worldwide and in red deer in mainland Europe and add to the growing number of reports on C. daubneyi in livestock in Europe. Considering that the ratio of cattle excreting rumen fluke eggs exceeded that of deer substantially, it can reasonably be assumed that the C. daubneyi infections in deer are a consequence of the prevalent infection in cattle, illustrating a pathogen spillover event from livestock into wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Rehbein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany.
| | - Pavla Jůnková Vymyslická
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; Šumava National Park, Vimperk, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Peterka
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; Šumava National Park, Vimperk, Czech Republic
| | - Christina Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Visser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Mayr
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Juliane Lackerschmid
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
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Bedin LC, Alves PV, da Silva RJ. Evolutionary affinities and morphological characterization of the enigmatic Zonocotyle bicaecata (Trematoda: Paramphistomoidea: Zonocotylidae) from the Upper Paraná River basin. Syst Parasitol 2024; 101:30. [PMID: 38635136 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-024-10158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Neotropical fish amphistomes represent a highly diverse group within the Paramphistomoidea, with wide distribution across major South American hydrological drainages. However, the limited molecular characterization of these taxa has impeded a comprehensive assessment of their evolutionary relationships and the systematic relevance of morphological features in classification schemes. Our study, based on the critical evaluation of the type material of both nominal species of Zonocotyle (type genus of the monotypic Zonocotylidae), and newly collected specimens of Zonocotyle bicaecata from Steindachnerina insculpta (Curimatidae) in the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil, presents a morphological reappraisal of Z. bicaecata and provides molecular data (28S rDNA, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, and COI mtDNA) to assess its phylogenetic relationships. Our phylogenetic analyses confirm this species belongs to the Paramphistomoidea. The most comprehensive analyses (based on 28S and COI) further indicate a close relationship with other fish amphistomes from the Neotropical region. Additionally, we emphasized the necessity for a new classification within Paramphistomoidea and briefly discussed the host range of Zonocotyle among curimatid fish hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia C Bedin
- Instituto de Biociências, Setor de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18616-689, Brazil
| | - Philippe V Alves
- Instituto de Biociências, Setor de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18616-689, Brazil.
| | - Reinaldo J da Silva
- Instituto de Biociências, Setor de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18616-689, Brazil
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Hecker AS, Raulf MK, König S, Knubben-Schweizer G, Wenzel C, May K, Strube C. In-herd prevalence of Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron / Paramphistomum spp. infections in German dairy cows with comparison of two coproscopical methods and establishment of real-time pyrosequencing for rumen fluke species differentiation. Vet Parasitol 2024; 327:110142. [PMID: 38308933 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Infections with liver and rumen flukes are among the most frequent parasitic diseases in cattle worldwide. In Europe, the predominant liver fluke species is Fasciola hepatica, and the recently rapidly spreading rumen flukes are mostly Calicophoron daubneyi and occasionally Paramphistomum leydeni. In this study, 1638 faecal samples from individual dairy cows from 24 northern and 18 southern German farms as well as one central German farm, all preselected for potential F. hepatica infection, were examined to determine in-herd prevalences of liver and rumen fluke infections. Furthermore, individual faecal egg counts (FECs) were determined in the northern and central German cows. On farms with patent F. hepatica infections, the mean in-herd prevalence was 15.8% in northern Germany, 41.6% in southern Germany and 14.0% in the central German farm. Rumen fluke infections resulted in high in-herd prevalences in all regions with a mean prevalence of 46.0% in northern, 48.4% in southern and 40.0% in central Germany. Individual FECs varied between 0.1 and 4.1 (mean 0.4) eggs per gram faeces (EPG) for F. hepatica and between 0.1 and 292.4 (mean 16.9) EPG for rumen flukes. Mean in-herd prevalence and mean FECs did not differ significantly between mono- and coinfected farms for either fluke species. Comparison of the classical sedimentation technique and the Flukefinder® method on a subset of 500 faecal samples revealed a similar number of positive samples, however, Flukefinder® mean FECs were three to four times higher for liver and rumen fluke eggs, respectively, with an increasing gap between EPG levels with rising egg counts. Fluke egg size measurement confirmed P. leydeni eggs on average to be larger in length and width (161.0 µm x 87.1 µm) than those of C. daubneyi (141.8 µm x 72.9 µm). However, due to overlap of measurements, morphological species identification based on egg size proved unreliable. For accurate identification, a real-time pyrosequencing approach was established, offering the advantage over classical Sanger sequencing of unambiguously identifying rumen fluke mixed species infections. Real-time pyrosequencing confirmed C. daubneyi (78.1% [50/64]) as the predominant rumen fluke species in Germany, while P. leydeni was detected in 12.5% (8/64) of sampled cows. A total of 9.4% (6/64) cows were infected with both C. daubneyi and P. leydeni, representing the first finding of a mixed infection in domestic ruminants in Europe to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sophie Hecker
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin Raulf
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Sven König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21b, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstraße 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Wenzel
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstraße 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Katharina May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21b, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Christina Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany.
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Morariu S, Sîrbu CB, Tóth AG, Dărăbuș G, Oprescu I, Mederle N, Ilie MS, Imre M, Sîrbu BAM, Solymosi N, Florea T, Imre K. First Molecular Identification of Calicophoron daubneyi (Dinnik, 1962) and Paramphistomum leydeni (Nasmark, 1937) in Wild Ruminants from Romania. Vet Sci 2023; 10:603. [PMID: 37888555 PMCID: PMC10611404 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumen flukes are geographically widespread trematodes affecting wild and domestic ruminants. The juvenile forms, which are found in the small intestine, are more pathogenic compared to the adults. Severe diarrhoea and weight loss are the major clinical signs, and the disease might be fatal in severely infested individuals. In the last decade, paramphistomosis has been described as an emerging parasitic disease in Europe. This study aimed to identify the rumen fluke species in wild ruminants from western Romania. Fifty-two pre-stomachs obtained from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) that were hunted on 14 hunting grounds from Timiș and Arad counties were examined for the presence of paramphistomes. Three (9.09%) out of 33 samples were positive in Timiș County, and one (5.26%) out of 19 samples was positive in Arad County. Subsequent PCR testing revealed that three samples were positive for Calicophoron daubneyi and one for Paramphistomum leydeni. The presence of C. daubneyi and P. leydeni in roe deer has not been previously reported in Romania. Two Paramphistomum species-C. daubneyi and P. leydeni-were revealed as the main species of rumen flukes in roe deer from forests in Romania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Morariu
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Cătălin Bogdan Sîrbu
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Adrienn Gréta Tóth
- Department Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest István u. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (A.G.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Gheorghe Dărăbuș
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Ion Oprescu
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Narcisa Mederle
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Marius Stelian Ilie
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Mirela Imre
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Beatrice Ana-Maria Sîrbu
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Norbert Solymosi
- Department Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest István u. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (A.G.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Tiana Florea
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (S.M.); (G.D.); (I.O.); (N.M.); (M.S.I.); (M.I.); (B.A.-M.S.)
| | - Kalman Imre
- Food Safety Department, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I, 300645 Timisoara, Romania;
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Wiedermann S, Harl J, Fuehrer HP, Mayr S, Schmid J, Hinney B, Rehbein S. DNA barcoding of rumen flukes (Paramphistomidae) from bovines in Germany and Austria. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:4061-4066. [PMID: 34661730 PMCID: PMC8599249 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rumen flukes have received growing veterinary attention in western and central Europe during the past two decades because of an increase in prevalence of infection in cattle and sheep, including cases of severe clinical disease. Historically, rumen fluke infections in Europe were assumed to be caused mainly by Paramphistomum cervi (or species, which were later considered to be synonymous with P. cervi), but more recently molecular studies demonstrated Calicophoron daubneyi to be the predominating species. For the present investigation, adult rumen flukes isolated from 23 cattle originating from ten farms in Germany (Saxony [1], Baden-Württemberg [4], Bavaria [5]) and one farm in Austria (Tyrol) were analyzed to establish partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the complete sequence of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Flukes of five animals (dairy cows from three farms in Bavaria) were determined as P. leydeni, and flukes of 18 animals (dairy cows or cattle from cow-calf operations from eight farms in Saxony [1], Baden-Württemberg [4], Bavaria [2], and Tyrol [1]) were identified as C. daubneyi. Based on the molecular analysis of adult rumen flukes collected from cattle, the results of this investigation confirm the common occurrence of C. daubneyi in Germany and reveal the first definitive findings of P. leydeni in Germany and C. daubneyi in Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Wiedermann
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Harl
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Fuehrer
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Mayr
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr. 8-12, 83101, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Juliane Schmid
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr. 8-12, 83101, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Hinney
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Steffen Rehbein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr. 8-12, 83101, Rohrdorf, Germany
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Ates C, Umur S. Paramphistome Species in Water Buffaloes and Intermediate Hosts in the Kızılırmak Delta in Samsun Province, Turkey. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:213-221. [PMID: 32948931 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was carried out to determine the paramphistome species parasitizing water buffaloes (WBs) grazing in the Kızılırmak Delta in Samsun Province, Turkey, and the intermediate hosts of the parasites. METHODS Between August 2016 and July 2018, abattoirs in Samsun Province were visited weekly and 139 slaughtered WBs were examined for paramphistome species. In the same period, 550 snails (300 Galba truncatula, 200 Physella (Physa) acuta and 50 Planorbis planorbis) were collected from pastures grazed by WBs during monthly sampling in the spring and autumn. Adult parasites were identified through the use of histological and molecular methods and larval stages were identified with a molecular method. RESULTS Forty-five of the 139 WBs (32.4%) were infected with species of the family Paramphistomidae and a total of 4761 (mean 105.8) parasites were collected from them. The genera Paramphistomum and Calicophoron were distinguished from each other by examining the development status of the pars musculosa and the degree of lobulation of the testes in histological sections. Calicophoron daubneyi was present in all the infected animals and Paramphistomum cervi in only 3 of the same animals. There were larval forms in only 19 of the specimens identified as G. truncatula. Calicophoron daubneyi was molecularly diagnosed in 12 of the 19 infected G. truncatula and this result was confirmed by PCR and PCR-RFLP. Calicophoron daubneyi was also identified molecularly as being present in all 45 infected adult WBs and as developmental stages in 12 of 300 (4%) intermediate hosts, G. truncatula. The DNA sequences from the adult parasites in the definitive hosts and larval forms in intermediate hosts were allocated the codes MH939278 and MH939279, respectively, in GenBank. CONCLUSION For the first time in Turkey, C. daubneyi was identified molecularly and its intermediate host was identified as G. truncatula. Calicophoron daubneyi was identified as the overwhelmingly dominant paramphistome species in WBs in the Kızılırmak Delta, with P. cervi found in mixed infections in only three animals.
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Molecular classification of rumen fluke eggs in fecal specimens from Suphanburi Province, Thailand, based on cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2020; 20:100382. [PMID: 32448516 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rumen fluke infections have been known to cause paramphistomiasis in both wild and domestic animals worldwide. Occasionally, coinfections of rumen flukes (Carmyerius, Fischoederius, and Paramphistomum) with liver flukes (Fasciola) have been observed due to the similar life cycles that these two species share. This study involved an alternative approach that was developed to classify and distinguish rumen fluke eggs from other genera by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Thirty-eight fecal specimens of Bos taurus from Suphanburi Province, Central Thailand were examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. PCR detection was then performed using COI-specific primers that were developed in this study. The results showed that this primer set can classify and distinguish the egg specimens into a separate clade of the genera comprising Gastrothylax, Carmyerius, Fischoederius, Paramphistomum, Explanatum, and Fasciola. Moreover, epidemiological mapping revealed coinfections of three genera of rumen flukes at some collection sites, leading to the need to further investigate Paramphistomoidea infection along with Fasciolidae infection within the endemic area. This data is important for monitoring the outbreak of these parasites in Suphanburi Province, Thailand. It can be applied for initiating surveillance programs of paramphistomiasis and fascioliasis in veterinary studies.
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Ali Q, Rashid I, Shabbir MZ, Akbar H, Shahzad K, Ashraf K, Sargison N, Chaudhry U. First genetic evidence for the presence of the rumen fluke Paramphistomum epiclitum in Pakistan. Parasitol Int 2018; 67:533-537. [PMID: 29758277 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
More than 70 species of the Superfamily Paramphistomoidea, have been identified in ruminants in different parts of the world. Most are pathogenic, causing amphistomosis. Adult flukes within this family have a predilection for the forestomach (rumen) or bile duct of the liver, where they may cause epithelial damage. Identification of adult Paramphistomum, Calicophoron, Gastrothylax and Fischoederius at the species level based on morphology requires specialised expertise, whereas molecular genetic marker analysis is more precise and transferable. In the present study, we performed molecular characterisation of twenty seven adult flukes collected from the forestomachs of buffalo, cattle and goats in the Punjab province of Pakistan. PCR and sequencing of the ITS-2 rDNA region revealed a single haplotype in all cases. Phylogenetic comparison of P. epiclitum ITS2-rDNA sequences with those from other Paramphistomum, Calicophoron, Gastrothylax and Fischoederius species was performed to assess within and between species variation and validate the use of ITS-2 rDNA as a robust species-specific marker for P. epiclitum identification. This work provides a validated species-specific marker of P. epiclitum and the first report of this parasite species from Pakistan. The results of this study also have implications for the diagnosis and control of rumen flukes in the region and the need for accurate species identification to understand parasite distribution and population genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Ali
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Rashid
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Akbar
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Shahzad
- Department of Infection Biology, University of Skovde, Sweden
| | - Kamran Ashraf
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Neil Sargison
- University of Edinburgh, The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Umer Chaudhry
- University of Edinburgh, The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK.
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