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Hasuike WT, Scorsim B, Arjona IS, Bellay S, de Oliveira AV, Takemoto RM. A new species of Urocleidoides Mizelle & Price 1964 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) parasite of Hemiodus orthonops Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 (Hemiodontidae) from the upper Paraná River floodplain. J Helminthol 2024; 98:e5. [PMID: 38167304 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
During the study of ectoparasites (Platyhelminthes) of fish in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River - Brazil, a new species of Urocleidoides, present in the gill filaments of Hemiodus orthonops (Hemiodontidae), is described using morphological description and molecular data from the mitochondrial region of cytochrome c oxidase, subunit 1 (COI) and the partial region of the 28S rDNA gene. Urocleidoides luquei n. sp. differs from all its congeners by the presence of a filament that joins the accessory piece to the base of the male copulatory organ and resembles U. paradoxus and U. surianoae. Phylogenetic analyses using molecular data revealed that U. luquei n. sp. forms a paraphyletic group concerning the other Urocleidoides species. In this way, as well as contributing to the description of a new species, we seek to encourage and contribute to the increase in research using integrative taxonomy, thus making it possible to elucidate some unresolved questions about the genus Urocleidoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Hasuike
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - B Scorsim
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - I S Arjona
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - S Bellay
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Laboratório de Ictioparasitologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPÉLIA, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A V de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - Nupélia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - R M Takemoto
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Laboratório de Ictioparasitologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPÉLIA, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Virgilio LR, de Melo HPS, da Silva Lima F, Takemoto RM, Camargo LMA, de Oliveira Meneguetti DU. Fish endoparasite metacommunity in environments with different degrees of conservation in the western Brazilian Amazon. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2773-2793. [PMID: 37953321 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Parasite communities correspond to the definition of metacommunity, as species interact and disperse within hosts. The present study evaluated parasite metacommunities in a tropical floodplain. The study was conducted in the Western Amazon around the municipalities of Cruzeiro do Sul, state of Acre, and Guajará, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Six sampling sites were selected and grouped into conserved and degraded environments. Fish were caught between periods of drought and flood, using passive and active sampling methods; in the laboratory, they were measured weighed, and necropsied. Parasites found were fixed, evaluated, and identified. Physical and chemical variables and environmental conservation characteristics were measured in all sites. Diversity index, ANOVA, Tukey, local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), species contribution to beta diversity by individual species (SCBD), and variance partitioning were summarized. The α species diversity increased in conserved environments and varied between seasonal periods, mainly in detritivorous and omnivorous hosts. Local contributions to beta diversity showed significantly higher values in conserved environments for the endoparasite fauna of piscivorous and omnivorous hosts, indicating that these environments presented unique parasite infracommunities and revealing the conservation status of these environments. Variations in infracommunities were explained mainly by niche-based processes, including environmental conditions, degree of conservation, and host characteristics. Thus, these data will serve as a tool to understand the way parasite communities are structured, which is important information for the management and conservation of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucena Rocha Virgilio
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Bionorte, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Paulo Silva de Melo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Federal University of Acre, Campus Floresta, Estrada Do Canela Fina, Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Fabricia da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Federal University of Acre, Campus Floresta, Estrada Do Canela Fina, Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Research Center in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Laboratory of Ichthyoparasitology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Bionorte, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
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Hasuike WT, Michelan G, Quagliato IS, Brandão H, Takemoto RM. Metazoan parasites of Hoplias aff. malabaricus, Trachelyopterus galeatus and Schizodon borellii (Osteichthyes) from the Protected Area and its main tributary, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2023; 32:e008323. [PMID: 37878900 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
A study of the parasite-host interactions was conducted in the protected area popularly known as the "Refúgio Biológico de Santa Helena" and its tributary, the São Francisco Falso River. For each of the three host species, Schizodon borellii, Hoplias aff. malabaricus, and Trachelyopterus galeatus, 30 fish were collected from 2018 to 2019. A total of 2172 parasites were identified among the three host species. Among these, the Monogenea class had the highest number of species, with 26 taxa, followed by Copepoda with eight taxa, Digenea with six taxa, and Cestoda and Nematoda with one taxon each. Eleven new records of infection/infestation were found among the host species such as Urocleidoides paradoxus, Urocleidoides ramentacuminatus, Rhinoxenus arietinus, Mymarothecioides sp. (Monogenea), Ergasilus cf. bryconis, Lernaea devastatrix, and Brasergasilus sp. (Copepoda) parasitizing S. borellii. Trinigyrus sp., Vancleaveus sp. (Monogenea), Gamispinus diabolicus (Copepoda) present in T. galeatus, and Gamidactylus jaraquensis (Copepoda) present in H. aff. malabaricus. This study contributes to the record of parasite species occurrence in the vicinity of a protected area and helps fill gaps in the knowledge of fish parasitic fauna in the Neotropical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Toshio Hasuike
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Michelan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Isabela Sales Quagliato
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Santa Helena, PR, Brasil
| | - Heleno Brandão
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Santa Helena, PR, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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Osaki-Pereira MM, Narciso RB, Vieira DHMD, Müller MI, Ebert MB, da Silva RJ. Molecular phylogeny of two Rhinoxenus species (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from the nasal cavities of serrasalmids (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) from Brazil. Syst Parasitol 2023; 100:521-530. [PMID: 37338662 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The dactylogyrid genus Rhinoxenus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) is composed of specialized monogeneans infecting the nasal cavities of freshwater fishes from the Neotropical region. This taxon currently comprises 11 species and is easily distinguished from other monogeneans by the absence of the dorsal bar, ventral anchor with inconspicuous roots covered by a sclerotized cap, dorsal anchor greatly modified into a needle-like shape, and hook pair 2 located into bilateral lobes of the trunk. Specimens of Rhinoxenus euryxenus and Rhinoxenus paranaensis were found infecting the nasal cavities of Serrasalmus marginatus and Serrasalmus maculatus, respectively, from the Paraná River basin in Brazil. For the first time, molecular data of Rhinoxenus spp. were obtained and used as a basis for phylogenetic analyses of the genus. Furthermore, our findings represent the first record of R. paranaensis in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Miyuki Osaki-Pereira
- Institute of Biosciences, Division of Parasitology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Bravin Narciso
- Institute of Biosciences, Division of Parasitology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Isabel Müller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Professor Arthur Riedel, 275, Jardim Eldorado, Diadema, São Paulo, 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bertholdi Ebert
- Institute of Biosciences, Division of Parasitology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo José da Silva
- Institute of Biosciences, Division of Parasitology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
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Components influencing parasitism by Dadaytrema oxycephala (Digenea: Cladorchiidae) in Neotropical fish. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:1221-1228. [PMID: 36930288 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The components that mold the structure of parasitic fauna are used as objects of study in an attempt to find patterns in their distribution. It is known that phylogeny (represented by specificity), host ecological traits (for example, feeding habits, position of the water column, reproductive strategies, body size, and age), and the environment affect the distribution and occurrence of parasites. In tropical regions, digeneans show high diversity, and the species Dadaytrema oxycephala is known to parasitize a wide range of host species. In this context, the objective of the present study is to analyze the components that affect the occurrence of D. oxycephala in Neotropical fish. We used data from the literature that contained the abundance of this parasite, as well as the geographic location and host species, and evaluated the influence of ecological traits, specificity, and latitude on parasite abundance, using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). The abundance of D. oxycephala can be explained by trophic level and position in the water column and latitude. However, coevolutionary processes are also extremely important, and the distribution of this parasite was not equal, showing high abundance for the genus Piaractus, which are the preferred hosts, even if the parasite is considered generalist. In short, host ecological traits are the important components in the distribution and occurrence of D. oxycephala, as well as the latitude.
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Spirocamallanus delirae n. sp. (Nematoda, Camallanidae), a parasite of Propimelodus eigenmanni (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Brazilian Amazon. Syst Parasitol 2023; 100:261-268. [PMID: 36781613 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A new species of Spirocamallanus Olsen, 1952 (Camallanidae), is described based on specimens found parasitizing Propimelodus eigenmanni (Siluriformes), an Amazonian fish. The new species has buccal capsule with 15-19 spiral ridges, males with caudal alae supported by 3 pairs of precloacal and 6 pairs of postcloacal papillae, and two terminal spikes on tail end, and females with a digitiform projection ending in two small spikes on tail end. The new species shares characteristics with a group of Neotropical Spirocamallanus that are characterized by the presence of caudal alae, 3 pairs of precloacal papillae, unequal spicules and the presence of spines on the tail tip of males. Several species of this group have been reported from marine environments, in contrast with Spirocamallanus delirae n. sp., which occurs in Amazon freshwaters. Among the Brazilian congeners placed in the referred morphological group are S. rarus, S. freitasi, S. macaensis, and S. halithophus, the last two being parasites of marine fishes. The new species differs from S. rarus (3-4), S. macaensis (12-15), and S. halithophus (10-15) based on the number of spirals in the buccal capsule and from S. fretasi based on the morphology of the larger spicule that is bifid in the former and undivided in the new species. The present description of Spirocamallanus delirae n. sp. adds new data to the biodiversity of parasites from freshwater siluriform catfish in the Neotropical region.
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Gastrointestinal helminths in brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) captured in Galician rivers (NW Spain). Parasitol Int 2023; 92:102676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Morphological description and molecular characterization of Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. (Gnathostomatoidea: Gnathostomatidae): a new nematode parasitic in the electric eel Electrophorus varii (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae), from the Brazilian Amazon. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e9. [PMID: 36648225 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x22000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A new species of Ancyracanthus, parasite of the electric eel Electrophorus varii, in the Brazilian Amazon, is described based on morphological and molecular characterization. Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. differs from the two congeners namely, Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus and Ancyracanthus schubarti, based on the structure of cephalic appendages, number and arrangement of caudal papillae in males, vulva very close to anus in females, eggs with smoothly mamillated shell, host taxon and geographical origin. Moreover, the new species is the first in the genus to be described with thorny cuticular rings and to be observed with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology of A. pinnatifidus and A. schubarti is still poorly-known and should be revised in details; however, the separation between them and the new species was clear. Genetic characterization based on 28S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) mtDNA partial sequences, performed for the first time in Acyracanthus, along with phylogenetic reconstructions using both genetic markers, placed Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. in a suggestive basal position within Gnathostomatidae. Phylogenetic reconstructions using cox1 sequences also suggested lack of monophyly in the genera Gnathostoma and Spiroxys and, consequently, in the subfamilies Gnathostominae and Spiroxyinae. However, such results are preliminary. With the first genetic characterization and observations using SEM in Ancyracanthus, resulting in the discovery of a new species and in the expansion of the geographical occurrence of the genus to Amazonian fish, an important step towards a better understanding of these nematodes has been taken.
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Leite LAR, Januário FF, Pelegrini LS, Antoniassi B, Azevedo RK, Abdallah VD. Seasonal patterns of infestation by monogenean parasites of fish and their relationship with water parameters in two rivers with different disturbance gradients in southeastern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e255758. [PMID: 37194823 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.255758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluate the relationships between the infestation rates of five monogenean parasites species with the dry and wet seasons, with the organic and inorganic parameters of the water of two rivers: the Jacaré-Pepira and Jacaré-Guaçú, and with the condition factors of its fish hosts: Serrasalmus maculatus and Astronotus crassipinnis, in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Fish were collected between January and December 2017. Anacanthorus serrasalmi, Amphithecium speirocamarotum and Gussevia asota had higher abundance rates (Student's t test, p ≤ 0.05) in the wet season. Gussevia asota had its abundance negatively correlated to nitrate in the Jacaré-Pepira River and with total nitrogen and potassium in the Jacaré-Guaçú River. Regarding the fish hosts condition factors, was observed a positive correlation with the abundances of G. asota in the Jacaré-Guaçú River, and with A. serrasalmi in the Jacaré-Pepira River. In general, wet season favored an increasing in the infestation rates of the monogeneans parasites in their host species, mainly in the river considered as the most polluted, the Jacaré-Guaçú River. Of the five parasites species analyzed in this study, only Gussevia astronoti and Rhinoxenus piranhus had no interaction with seasonality, river water variables, or fish host condition factors. On the other hand, G. asota had interactions both with water parameters (nitrate and total nitrogen) and with the hosts condition factors, which reflected in the abundance and intensity rates, showing itself as a species sensitive to changes in the environment and, therefore, that can be considered as a bioindicator organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A R Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - F F Januário
- Centro Universitário do Sagrado Coração - UNISAGRADO, Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - L S Pelegrini
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ordenamento Pesqueiro do Vale do Rio Madeira, Humaitá, AM, Brasil
| | - B Antoniassi
- Centro Universitário do Sagrado Coração - UNISAGRADO, Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - R K Azevedo
- Centro Universitário CESMAC, Programa de Pós-graduação em Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - V D Abdallah
- Centro Universitário CESMAC, Programa de Pós-graduação em Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Setor de Parasitologia e Patologia, Maceió, AL, Brasil
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Pereira FB, González-Solís D. Review of the parasitic nematodes of marine fishes from off the American continent. Parasitology 2022; 149:1928-1941. [PMID: 36076284 PMCID: PMC11010509 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ichthyofauna of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts off the American continent is very rich. Consequently, a high biodiversity of nematodes parasitizing these vertebrates is also expected. Currently, data on nematode parasites of marine fish off the Americas are fragmented. A review of all adult nematode species reported parasitizing marine fish from off the American continent is herein presented, as well as comments on their patterns of diversity, life cycles and advances in the taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge. A total of 209 valid species, 19 species inquirendae and 6 dubious records have been recorded, the majority from the fish taxa Eupercaria and Perciformes. The families Sciaenidae, Serranidae and Lutjanidae, as well as the tropical and temperate Atlantic waters, exhibited the highest records of parasitic nematodes. The Cucullanidae, Philometridae and Cystidicolidae were the most speciose families of nematodes, which may be related to technological advances and relatively recent efforts of taxonomists, resulting in description of new taxa and the resolution of taxonomic problems. Numerous taxonomic questions still need resolution and, even though genetic data have been important for this process, the database is very scarce. This is the first review on all currently known nematode species parasitizing marine fish off the Americas and may serve as an important basis of reference for future approaches on these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe B. Pereira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - David González-Solís
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Chetumal, Av. Centenario km 5.5, C.P. 77014, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
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Pantoja C, Kudlai O. Hemiurid Trematodes (Digenea: Hemiuridae) from Marine Fishes off the Coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with Novel Molecular Data. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233355. [PMID: 36496876 PMCID: PMC9741374 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is a tropical country with remarkably diverse marine habitats that harbour a rich diversity of fish. Only a small portion of this fish diversity has been investigated for parasites, and thus the diversity of their trematode parasites remains unexplored. Moreover, only 5 out of 184 known digenean trematode species of marine fish in Brazil have been genetically characterised. The Hemiuridae Looss, 1899 is the second most speciose trematode family in marine fishes from Brazil but, in many ways, it remains a neglected group. Forty-three trematode specimens from nine fish species were collected from the coastal zone off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Trematodes were found in the stomach of 14 specimens of 9 fish species belonging to 8 families (Carangidae, Clupeidae, Haemulidae, Muraenidae, Percophidae, Pinguipedidae, Trichiuridae, and Triglidae). Trematode specimens were studied using morphological and molecular genetic analyses. A total of eight hemiurid species from four genera, Ectenurus, Lecithochirium, Myosaccium, and Parahemiurus were identified. This paper reports on new host records for four species of hemiurids, adds a new record on the geographical distribution for one species, and provides the first DNA sequence data supplemented with the detailed description of morphology for five species. Phylogenetic analyses supported that the subfamily classifications of the Hemiuridae-based entirely on morphological characters-needs to be reconsidered, taking into account a wider range of information sources.
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Pantoja C, Telles B, Paschoal F, Luque JL, Kudlai O. Digenean trematodes infecting the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Scombriformes, Scombridae) off the Rio de Janeiro coast, Brazil, including molecular data. Parasite 2022; 29:44. [PMID: 36205525 PMCID: PMC9541523 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2022044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although some parasitological efforts have focused on the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacepède) (Scombriformes, Scombridae) in Brazil, its digenean fauna remains poorly known. Combining morphological and molecular methods, we investigated the diversity of digenean trematodes of A. thazard collected from the coastal waters off the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2021. Six species belonging to four families were recorded: the bucephalid Rhipidocotyle cf. angusticolle Chandler, 1941, the didymozoid Didymocystis sp. 6 sensu Louvard et al. (2022), the fellodistomid Tergestia sp., and three hemiurids, Dinurus euthynni Yamaguti, 1934, Lecithochirium floridense (Manter, 1934), and L. synodi Manter, 1931. The current study brings the total number of digenean trematode species parasitising A. thazard in Brazil up to eight, with hemiuroid trematodes being most diverse. Auxis thazard is a new host record for L. floridense, L. synodi and potentially for R. angusticolle. The geographic distribution of several species found in our study appeared to be wider than previously known. Our study is the first to apply a DNA-based approach to digenean diversity in marine fishes in Brazil and we believe that both morphological descriptions and molecular sequence data provided in our study will aid future research assessing the diversity of digenean trematodes of A. thazard and other marine fishes in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pantoja
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Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre Akademijos 2 08412
Vilnius Lithuania
,Corresponding author:
| | - Bruno Telles
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Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro BR 465 km 7 23890-000
Seropédica Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Fabiano Paschoal
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Uiversidade Federal do Maranhão Av. dos Portugueses 1966 65080-805
São Luís Maranhão Brazil
| | - José Luis Luque
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Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro BR 465 km 7 23890-000
Seropédica Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Olena Kudlai
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Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre Akademijos 2 08412
Vilnius Lithuania
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Tavares-Dias M, Silva LMA, Oliveira MSB. Geographic range, distribution patterns and interactions of Monogenea Van Beneden 1858, with species of native host freshwater fishes from Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2022; 31:e005722. [PMID: 36000679 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612022048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated information on monogenean species using 312 scientific papers, to search for infection and geographic distribution patterns in native freshwater fish from Brazil. We used 1,698 samples of 296 fish species of 28 families distributed into Characiformes, Siluriformes, Cichliformes, Gymnotiformes, Perciformes, Mugiliformes, Osteoglossiformes and Clupeiformes, in addition to four hybrid fish. Among the hosts of the different orders and families, the greatest numbers of parasite-host associations were found for species of the families Serrasalmidae, Characidae, Loricariidae, Curimatidae and Anostomidae. The 578 species of monogeneans used in parasite-host interactions were distributed in 86 genera of six five families (Dactylogyridae, Gyrodactylidae, Diplectanidae, Microcotylidae, Ancylodiscoididae and Ancyrocephalidae), but with great predominance of Dactylogyridae species. There was variation in prevalence, intensity and abundance levels of monogeneans species among host fish species, as well as in infection sites that occurred predominantly in external organs. Positive correlations of prevalence, intensity and abundance with body length of hosts were observed. There was geographic distribution pattern of monogeneans limited mostly to two hydrographic basins those being the Amazon River and Paraná River. Just approximately 6% of potential monogeneans have been explored thus far, showing a clear need for further studies on this interesting group of parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tavares-Dias
- Embrapa Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical - PPGBio, Universidade Federal do Amapá - UNIFAP, Macapá, AP, Brasil
| | - Luís Mauricio Abdon Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Aquáticas - NUPAq, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá - IEPA, Macapá, AP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Sidney Brito Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical - PPGBio, Universidade Federal do Amapá - UNIFAP, Macapá, AP, Brasil
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Endoparasite fauna of freshwater fish from the upper Juruá River in the Western Amazon, Brazil. J Helminthol 2022; 96:e55. [PMID: 35904029 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x2200027x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Amazon region may present a high diversity of endoparasites with a high degree of endemism. In this sense, this study describes the endoparasite fauna in freshwater fish from the Upper Juruá, in the Western Amazon. The study was carried out around the municipalities of Cruzeiro do Sul, state of Acre, and Guajará, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Fish were caught between periods of droughts and floods, using passive and active sampling methods. In the laboratory, specimens were biometrically analysed and necropsied. As a result, a total of 23,740 endoparasites were recorded, belonging to 62 species, with 91 new host reports and 91 new occurrences for the Western Amazon. Nematoda and Digenea were the most diverse and abundant groups, and the increase in host fish richness and diversity influenced the diversity and richness of endoparasites in the environments. In this sense, the present study expands the number of new reports, and contributes data on the distribution and richness of endoparasites for South America.
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Cárdenas MQ, Justo MCN, Reyes ADRP, Cohen SC. Diversity of Nematoda and Digenea from different species of characiform fishes from Tocantins River, Maranhão, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2022; 31:e005122. [PMID: 35894419 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612022038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During a survey of the helminth fauna of characiform fishes from the Tocantins River, Brazil, 185 fish specimens from 22 species were studied. Twelve species of Nematoda and nine species of Digenea were collected. Some of these helminth species were reported for the first time in their hosts, thus representing new host records: Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp. in Bivibranchia notata, Brycon pesu, Chalceus macrolepidotus, Hemiodus microlepis and Hemiodus unimaculatus; Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus in Triportheus elongatus; Goezia sp. (larva) in Boulengerella cuvieri; Rhabdochona acuminata in Brycon pesu and Triportheus trifurcatus; Raphidascaris sp. (larva) in Caenotropus labyrinthicus; Cosmoxynema vianai in Cyphocharax gouldingi; Rondonia rondoni in Leporinus fasciatus and Mylesinus paucisquamatus; Klossinemella iheringi in Mylesinus paucisquamatus; Cucullanidae gen. sp. in Myloplus rubripinnis; Rhabdochona sp. in Triportheus elongatus; Alphamphistoma sp. in Myleus setiger; Chalcinotrema sp. in Cyphocharax gouldingi; Pacudistoma guianense in Hemiodus unimaculatus and Myleus torquatus; Pseudocladorchis cylindricus in Hemiodus unimaculatus; Dadaytrema oxycephala in Mylesinus paucisquamatus; Travassosinia dilatata in Myloplus asterias; and Genarchella genarchella in Raphiodon vulpinus. Studies identifying new hosts and new localities for parasites have contributed to the knowledge of local biodiversity. A list of previous records of helminths included in the present study, providing hosts, localities, and references, is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Querido Cárdenas
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Peixes, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Márcia Cristina Nascimento Justo
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Peixes, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Amanda da Rocha Paula Reyes
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Peixes, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Simone Chinicz Cohen
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Peixes, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Kmentová N, Cruz-Laufer AJ, Pariselle A, Smeets K, Artois T, Vanhove MPM. Dactylogyridae 2022: a meta-analysis of phylogenetic studies and generic diagnoses of parasitic flatworms using published genetic and morphological data. Int J Parasitol 2022; 52:427-457. [PMID: 35245493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dactylogyridae is one of the most studied families of parasitic flatworms with more than 1000 species and 166 genera described to date including ecto- and endoparasites. Dactylogyrid monogeneans were suggested as model organisms for host-parasite macroevolutionary and biogeographical studies due to the scientific and economic importance of some of their host lineages. Consequently, an array of phylogenetic research into different dactylogyrid lineages has been produced over the past years but the last family-wide study was published 16 years ago. Here, we provide a meta-analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of Dactylogyridae including representatives of all genera with available molecular data (n=67). First, we investigate the systematic informativeness of morphological characters widely used to diagnose dactylogyrid genera through a parsimony analysis of the characters, character mapping, and phylogenetic comparative methods. Second, we provide an overview of the current state of the systematics of the family and its subfamilies, and summarise potentially poly- and paraphyletic genera. Third, we elaborate on the implications of taxonomic, citation, and confirmation bias in past studies. Fourth, we discuss host range, biogeographical, and freshwater-marine patterns. We found two well-supported macroclades which we assigned to the subfamilies Dactylogyrinae and Ancyrocephalinae. These subfamilies further include 16 well-supported clades with only a few synapomorphies that could be deduced from generic diagnoses in the literature. Furthermore, few morphological characters considered systematically informative at the genus level display a strong phylogenetic signal. However, the parsimony analysis suggests that these characters provide little information on the relationships between genera. We conclude that a strong taxonomic bias and low coverage of DNA sequences and regions limit knowledge on morphological and biogeographical evolutionary patterns that can be inferred from these results. We propose addressing potential citation and confirmation biases through a 'level playing field' multiple sequence alignment as provided by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikol Kmentová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Armando J Cruz-Laufer
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Antoine Pariselle
- ISEM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France; Laboratory "Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome", Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, 4 avenue Ibn Batouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Karen Smeets
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tom Artois
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Riccardo M, Santos-Reis MH, Avenant-Oldewage A. Additional Information on Dolops intermedia Silva, 1978 (Crustacea: Argulidae) and Its Occurrence on Fishes in Northeastern Brazil. COMP PARASITOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-89.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mugnai Riccardo
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Laboratório BIOCICLOS, Br 222-KM 04, S/N, Chapadinha–MA, CEP 65500-000, Brazil (e-mail: )
| | - Maria Helena Santos-Reis
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Laboratório BIOCICLOS, Br 222-KM 04, S/N, Chapadinha–MA, CEP 65500-000, Brazil (e-mail: )
| | - Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa (e-mail: )
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18
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Checklist of nematodes parasitizing fish in the Brazilian Amazon. J Helminthol 2021; 95:e75. [PMID: 34964710 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x21000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a list of parasitic fish nematodes from the Brazilian Amazon based on the previous Brazilian list including scientific assessments carried out between 2010 and 2021. A total of 16 families, 48 species and 28 undetermined species of nematodes associated with fish are included in the checklist, in addition to 93 host species and 15 geographical records.
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19
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Diversity and Ecology of Endohelminth Parasites in a Fish Assemblage of an Amazon River Tributary in Brazil. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:1431-1441. [PMID: 34023978 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the diversity and ecology of endohelminth parasites in an assemblage of 15 omnivorous and four piscivorous fish species in a tributary of the Amazon River (Brazil). METHODS Fish were collected bimonthly to evaluate the diversity and ecology of endohelminth parasites in omnivorous and piscivorous fish species in a tributary of the Amazon River using traditional methods and other methods. RESULTS A total of 4,234 parasites of 19 species (8 Nematoda, 5 Acanthocephala, 4 Digenea and 2 Cestoda) were sampled from 531 fish specimens. Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus and Contracaecum sp. were the predominant parasite species, and the parasites showed an aggregated dispersion pattern. Positive correlation was shown between the abundance of Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium patagonense and P. (S.) inopinatus, and the body size of 15.8% of the host fish examined. No difference was shown for Shannon diversity index and evenness between omnivorous and piscivorous hosts, but the richness, abundance and intensity of parasites were greater in piscivorous host fish. CONCLUSION In the fish assemblage, the presence of parasites in the larval and adult stages suggests that these are intermediate, paratenic and definitive hosts, reflecting the feeding habits of the omnivorous and piscivorous host species. 74.1% of the parasite species were new records for the different host species examined. The size of the hosts, trophic level and diet had an influence on the structuring of endohelminth communities and infracommunities.
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Tavares-Dias M, Silva LMA, Florentino AC. Metacercariae of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) infecting freshwater fishes throughout Brazil: infection patterns, parasite–host interactions, and geographic distribution. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.1915058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tavares-Dias
- Laboratório de Aquicultura e Pesca, Embrapa Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Luís Mauricio Abdon Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Aquáticas (IEPA/NUPAq), Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá (IEPA), Macapá, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Cezar Florentino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
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21
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Molecular and morphological evidence of a new species of Crassicutis Manter 1936 (Digenea), a parasite of cichlids in South America. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:2429-2443. [PMID: 33893551 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Crassicutis Manter, 1936 (Digenea: Megaperidae) is described from the intestine of Satanoperca jurupari (Cichlidae) in the Amazon River basin, Brazil. The genus Crassicutis currently contains eight species. Crassicutis manteri n. sp. is morphologically very similar to Crassicutis cichlasomae Manter, 1936, a parasite of cichlids reported from Mexico, the Antilles, and Central and South America. Molecular data revealed that C. cichlasomae represents a species complex in Middle American cichlids. The new species can be readily distinguished from C. cichlasomae sensu lato, and the other congeners, by a combination of morphological traits such as a narrow, elongate mouth opening (versus spherical in other species), the tandem position of testes (symmetrical or oblique in most congeners), narrow body widening towards its posterior end (versus widely oval, leaf-like in other species), and short intestinal caeca ending close to the posterior end of the posterior testis (versus reaching more posteriorly in other species). Six novel sequences of 28S rDNA, ITS1, and cox1 were generated for two isolates of the new species. Sequences of the 28S rRNA gene were used to corroborate that Crassicutis is sister taxa of Homalometron Stafford, 1904. Mitochondrial DNA corroborated the distinction of the new species with previously sequenced congeners in Middle American cichlids; the interspecific divergence between the new species and the genetic lineages of C. cichlasomae was very high, varying between 23.7 and 27.2%. Biogeographical implications of our findings are briefly discussed including questionable validity of records of C. cichlasomae from South America.
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Three new species of Anacanthorus Mizelle & Price, 1965 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from Markiana nigripinnis Perugia (Actinopterygii: Characidae) in Pantanal wetlands, Brazil. Syst Parasitol 2020; 97:661-667. [PMID: 32949340 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-020-09935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Three monogenean species, Anacanthorus luquei n. sp., A. scholzi n. sp. and A. cohenae n. sp. are described from the gills of the tetra fish Markiana nigripinnis (Perugia) (Characidae), collected in the Pantanal wetlands, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Among other differences, Anacanthorus luquei n. sp. differs from the most morphologically similar species, based on the structure of the accessory piece as follows: branches with smooth margins (vs with irregular margins in A. cuticulovaginus), without pointed projections at distal end (vs with projections in A. dipelecinus) and with 2 branches (vs 3 in A. quinqueramus). Anacanthorus scholzi n. sp. is most morphologically similar to A. luquei n. sp., differing from it because one of the branches of the accessory piece is bifurcated at the distal portion. Anacanthorus cohenae n. sp. can be differentiated from the congeners based on the combination of the following features: MCO cylindrical and robust with sclerotised flanges on the extremities, accessory piece V-shaped, bearing two branches similar in length and with blunt distal ends, and hooks with a proximal bulb. This is the first parasitological study on M. nigripinnis and, currently, Anacanthorus allocates 88 species infesting characiform fishes in the Neotropical region, including the three new species described here.
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Helminths associated with Norops fuscoauratus (Squamata, Dactyloidae) in highland marshes of the Brazilian semi-arid. J Helminthol 2020; 94:e153. [PMID: 32390581 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x20000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Helminthological studies may contribute with valuable information on host biology and conservation. Herein, we provide new data on helminths infecting the lizard Norops fuscoauratus, testing one of the factors considered most important in parasitic ecology: host size. We analysed 25 specimens of N. fuscoauratus from three highland marshes in the Brazilian semi-arid. Eight taxa of helminths belonging to Nematoda, Trematoda and Acanthocephala were found. Physaloptera sp. showed the higher prevalence (40%), with a mean intensity of infection of 3.3 ± 1.46 (1-16) and mean abundance 1.32 ± 0.65 (0-16). Norops fuscoauratus represents four new host records for the helminths Cyrtosomum sp., Pharyngodon travassosi, Strongyloides sp. and Centrorhynchus sp. There is no relationship of host body size (P = 0.79) and mass (P = 0.50) with parasite richness. In addition, the present study contributes to the knowledge of the parasitic fauna of N. fuscoauratus and the Neotropical region.
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Acosta AA, Smit NJ, da Silva RJ. Diversity of helminth parasites of eight siluriform fishes from the Aguapeí River, upper Paraná basin, São Paulo state, Brazil. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2020; 11:120-128. [PMID: 32025487 PMCID: PMC6997625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Fishes of the order Siluriformes, known as catfishes, have a global distribution with more than 3,600 valid species of which 2,087 occur in the Neotropical region. Despite being highly diverse, abundant, and of economic importance as food and ornamental fishes, knowledge about the diversity and distribution of their helminth parasites is fragmentary and scarce. Eight species of catfishes (Pterodoras granulosus, Trachydoras paraguayensis, Pimelodella avanhandavae, Loricariichthys platymetopon, Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii, Rhinelepis aspera, Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, and Sorubim lima) from the Aguapeí River, Upper Paraná River basin, municipality of Castilho, São Paulo State, Brazil, were surveyed for helminth parasites. Collected fishes were weighed, measured, and examined for helminth parasites following standard methodology. Fifty helminth parasite taxa (23 monogeneans, 13 digeneans, 11 nematodes, and three cestodes) were found from a total of 405 fishes screened. The helminth taxon that showed the highest mean intensity of infection and mean abundance was the nematode Rondonia rondoni from P. granulosus, followed by the nematode Parasynodontisia petterae from R. aspera. The ecological analyses were carried out at the component community level and at the infracommunity level. Trachydoras paraguayensis had the richest helminth component community. Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii had the most diverse helminth component community and R. aspera had the lowest. Both hosts are loricariids and have similar diet. However, the high parasite diversity of P. ambrosettii is due to the number of dactylogyrids species found (10), which are directly transmitted, whereas only three dactylogyrid species were found in R. aspera. At infracommunity level, the nematode species R. rondoni and P. petterae dominated the parasite communities. This study presents 38 new host records, contributing considerably to increase the diffuse knowledge of helminth parasites of Neotropical siluriforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline A. Acosta
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Parasitology, Rua Professor Doutor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, n° 250, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Nico J. Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Reinaldo J. da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Parasitology, Rua Professor Doutor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, n° 250, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
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Malta LS, Paiva F, Elisei C, Tavares LE, Pereira FB. Integrative taxonomy of Sprentascaris mahnerti and phylogeny of raphidascaridid nematodes (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea: Raphidascarididae) suggest the monophyly of Sprentascaris. Parasitol Int 2020; 74:101978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.101978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Neves LR, Silva LMA, Florentino AC, Tavares-Dias M. Distribution patterns of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda: Camallanidae) and its interactions with freshwater fish in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2020; 29:e012820. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study used information about Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 that had been published over a period of more than 90 years to investigate the infection and distribution patterns of this nematode in teleost freshwater fish in Brazil. This study was carried out using 181 samples from 82 fish species in 19 families within the five orders, with predominance of Characiformes species (71.6%). We organized a matrix-based parasite-host system in which the fish species were classified in different trophic levels and parasitic infection parameters according data available on host fish species with different life histories and geographic distributions across Brazilian hydrographic basins. Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus showed prevalence ranging from low to moderate, low abundance, low intensity, typically aggregated dispersion, and preferential infection of the hosts' gastrointestinal tract. There was difference in prevalence between detritivorous, omnivorous, carnivorous and piscivorous hosts, but no difference in intensity and abundance was found due to similarity in the communities of this endoparasite among the host fish species. The geographic distribution of this parasite encompasses the river of the Amazon, Paraná, São Francisco, North Atlantic, South Atlantic and Eastern basins. Lastly, suggestions regarding the life cycle of P. (S.) inopinatus, with its potential intermediate hosts, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Tavares-Dias
- Universidade Federal do Amapá, Brasil; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brasil
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Community of Monogenea in Populations of Cichla Monoculus from Two Tributaries of the Amazon River in the Northern Brazil. Helminthologia 2019; 56:1-10. [PMID: 31662667 PMCID: PMC6662021 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2018-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the monogeneans community in C. monoculus from the Tapajós River (state of Pará) and Jari River (state of Amapá), northern Brazil. A total of 2188 monogeneans belonging to eight taxa were collected from the gills of fish: Gussevia arilla, Gussevia longihaptor, Gussevia tucunarense, Gussevia undulata, Sciadicleithrum ergensi, Sciadicleithrum umbilicum, Sciadicleithrum uncinatum and Tucunarella cichlae. Gussevia arilla was the dominant species for C. monoculus from the Tapajós River basin, while S. umbilicum predominated among the hosts from the Jari River basin. For the two populations of C. monoculus, the prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance of monogeneans were different and the of parasites community had a high qualitative similarity (87.5 %). The monogeneans community of C. monoculus was characterized by high species richness, with infection values varying from low to moderate. The geographic distance and differences in environmental characteristics arising from the same did not influence the richness of species of monogeneans infesting C. monoculus in the Tapajós and Jari rivers, but appear to have been determinants in the differences observed in the structure of the monogenean communities in each region.
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Dadaytrema oxycephala (Digenea: Cladorchiidae) in definitive host Pimelodus blochii (Pisces: Pimelodidae), with morphological and geographic distribution data in fishes from the South America. J Parasit Dis 2019; 44:62-68. [PMID: 32174706 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe structural and ultrastructural morphological data of Dadaytrema oxycephala (Diesing, 1836) Travassos, 1931 in Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 from western Amazon (Brazil), besides geographic distribution in host fishes from South America. Of 160 P. blochii examined in the rivers Acre and Iaco, 15% were infected by D. oxycephala with mean intensity of 6.5 ± 1.9 and mean abundance of 1.0 ± 5.1. All parasites were found in the intestine of the infected hosts. The structural and ultrastructural characteristics of the developmental stages of D. oxycephala are presented and discussed. Dadaytrema oxycephala has a wide geographic distribution in South America, parasitizing fish species of Characiformes and Siluriformes from Brazil, Venezuela, Argentina, Peru and Paraguay. We elucidated part of life cycle of D. oxicephala in P. blochii, which is a definitive host for this digenean.
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Negreiros LPD, Oliveira MSB, Tavares-Dias M. First record of Unibarra paranoplatensis Suriano & Incorvaia, 1995 (Dactylogyridae: Monogenea) on Sorubim lima (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2019; 28:504-507. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to report the first occurrence of Unibarra paranoplatensis Suriano & Incorvaia, 1995 on Sorubim lima Bloch & Schneider, 1801 from Brazil. On the gills of S. lima, U. paranoplatensis presented similar morphological and morphometric features to those described for conspecifics infesting Zungaro zungaro Humboldt, 1921 except the length, which was higher in the present study, as well as ventral bar shape that was V-shaped open, and with the upper and lower end of the rod relatively sinuous. This study expands the geographic distribution of U. paranoplatensis to Brazil, a parasite that has a wide occurrence across South America.
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Ithyoclinostomum Dimorphum Diesing, 1850 (Digenea, Clinostomidae) in Hoplias Malabaricus (Erythrinidae) with the First Report of Infection of the Eyes. Helminthologia 2018; 55:343-349. [PMID: 31662665 PMCID: PMC6662000 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2018-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the occurrence of metacercariae of Ithyoclinostomum dimorphum in Hoplias malabaricus in the basin of the São Francisco River in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). Twenty-nine fish were examined in June 2012 during a survey of fish and parasitic fauna. Of the fish examined, 34.5 % had infected eyes, intestine and musculature, with a mean intensity of 1.1 and an abundance of 0.4 per fish. The prevalence in the intestine was 31.0 %, with mean intensity of 1.1 and mean abundance of 0.3. In the eyes, the prevalence was 3.4 %, with a mean intensity of 1.0 and mean abundance of 1.0. The metacercaria found in the right eyeball was lodged between the cornea and iris. The low parasitism did not affect the condition factor (Kn) of the parasitized fish. This was the first report of I. dimorphum in the eyes of Hoplias malabaricus, a secondary intermediate host for this endoparasite.
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Four new species of dactylogyrids (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) parasitic on gills of labrid and sparid fishes from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru. Syst Parasitol 2018; 95:829-840. [PMID: 30291541 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-018-9827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
During a research on gill ectoparasites of Peruvian marine fishes, four dactylogyrid (Monogenea) species, parasitising two teleost species, Bodianus diplotaenia (Gill) (Labridae) and Calamus brachysomus (Lockington) (Sparidae), were found. Euryhaliotrema luisae n. sp. ex C. brachysomus is differentiated from other congeneric species by the morphology of the male copulatory organ, which comprises a coil of nine counterclockwise rings, and by the morphology of the anchors and bars. Euryhaliotrema magnopharyngis n. sp. ex C. brachysomus can be distinguished from all other congeners by having a well-developed pharynx occupying much of the anterior region and by the ventral bar, which is V-shaped, with well-elongated, thin arms. In addition, E. luisae n. sp. and E. magnopharyngis n. sp. can be differentiated from all other members of Euryhaliotrema Kritsky & Boeger, 2002 by the presence of a glandular oval plate lying on peduncle. Haliotrema diplotaenia n. sp. ex B. diplotaenia is characterised by the structure of the male copulatory organ, comprising a tapered-shaped cirrus tube with twisted acute tip and a filament-shaped accessory piece with medial and distal expansions, and by the morphology of the ventral bar (inverted W-shaped, with short lateral ends and two anterior conical protuberances). Haliotrema saezae n. sp. ex B. diplotaenia differs from all other members of Haliotrema Johnston & Tiegs, 1922 by having a tubular copulatory organ with curved distal tip and a filament-shaped accessory piece without lateral expansions, and by the morphology of anchors and bars. The present findings are added to the other six marine dactylogyrids previously reported from Peru.
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Pantoja C, Scholz T, Luque JL, Jones A. New genera and species of paramphistomes (Digenea: Paramphistomoidea: Cladorchiidae) parasitic in fishes from the Amazon basin in Peru. Syst Parasitol 2018; 95:611-624. [PMID: 29971680 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-018-9808-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two new genera and three new species of paramphistomoid digeneans are described in the family Cladorchiidae Fischoeder, 1901 from doradid, heptapterid, pimelodid and pseudopimelodid fishes in the Amazon River in Peru. Goeldamphistomum amazonum n. g., n. sp. (type-species) from Goeldiella eques (Müller & Troschel) (type-host) and Tenellus trimaculatus (Boulenger), and Goeldamphistomum peruanum n. g., n. sp. from Duopalatinus peruanus Eigenmann & Allen (type-host), Calophysus macropterus (Lichtenstein) and Microglanis sp. are placed in the Dadayiinae Fukui, 1929. Both species have an accessory acetabular sucker, which distinguishes the genus from all taxa previously reported from South American freshwater fishes. They differ from each other primarily in that G. amazonum has a prebifurcal genital pore and oblique, separated testes, the levels of which rarely overlap longitudinally, whereas G. peruanum has a postbifurcal genital pore and testes directly to obliquely tandem. Iquitostrema papillatum n. g., n. sp. (Kalitrematinae Travassos, 1933) from the intestine of Hassar orestis (Steindachner) differs from other members of the subfamily in the combination of a massive acetabulum with a papillate luminal surface and symmetrical testes which overlie the caeca close to the caecal arch. These are the first records of paramphistomes from the five host species studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pantoja
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, CEP 23851-970, Brazil
| | - Tomáš Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - José Luis Luque
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, CEP 23851-970, Brazil.,Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, UFRRJ, Caixa Postal 74.540, Seropédica, RJ, CEP 23851-970, Brazil
| | - Arlene Jones
- Creigiau Llwydion, Heol y Maes, Coelbren, Neath, SA10 9PT, UK.
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Morphological and molecular characterisation of digenean parasites of the Galápagos sheephead Semicossyphus darwini (Jenyns) with the re-description of Labrifer secundus Manter, 1940 (Lepidapedidae) from the Humboldt Current Large Marine Ecosystem. Syst Parasitol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-018-9787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Helminth endoparasites of the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris: linking morphological identification and molecular data. J Helminthol 2018; 93:332-341. [PMID: 29502544 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The helminth endoparasites of many European amphibian species are often known exclusively from morphological descriptions. A molecular library of DNA sequence data linked to morphological identifications is still in its infancy. In this paper, we aim to contribute to such a library on the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris, the intermediate and definitive host of 31 helminth parasites, according to evidence published so far. Newts (n = 69) were collected at two study sites in western Germany and examined for the presence of helminths. A total of five helminth species were detected in 56 (81%) of the newts, but only one or two species infected a single host. Four out of five helminth species were identified morphologically and based on DNA sequences as Parastrigea robusta (metacercariae), Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Megalobatrachonema terdentatum (adults and larvae) and Cosmocerca longicauda, and the corresponding sequences were provided subsequently. Oswaldocruzia molgeta was confirmed to be a junior synonym of O. filiformis. Molecular data on a fifth species (a cosmocercid nematode) that could not be identified at species level were added to GenBank. These findings increased the molecular library on morphologically identified smooth newt parasites significantly, from 12 to 15 entries.
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Hoshino ÉDM, Hoshino MDFG, Tavares-Dias M. Parasites of ornamental fish commercialized in Macapá, Amapá State (Brazil). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2018; 27:75-80. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612018002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study investigated the parasites fauna of four freshwater ornamental fish species in aquarium shops of Macapá, Amapá State, in addition to survey the commercialized fish species and sanitary conditions of aquarium shops. Different native and non-native ornamental fish species were found in aquarium shops, mainly Poecilidae. We examined 30 specimens of Xiphophorus maculatus, 30 Danio rerio, 30 Paracheirodon axelrodi, and 30 Corydoras ephippifer for parasites. Of the 120 fish examined, 22.5% were parasitized by one or more species and a total of 438 parasites were collected and identified. Parasites such as: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Monogenea, undermined Digenea metacercariae, Acanthostomum sp. metacercariae, Camallanus spp., Bothriocephalus acheilognathi and Echinorhynchus sp. infected the hosts examined. Endoparasites in the larval stage showed the greatest diversity and Camallanus spp. was found in all hosts species examined. Paracheirodon axelrodi (43.3%) was the most parasitized host, while C. ephippifer (6.7%) was the least parasitized. Despite the low ectoparasites level, six species of endoparasites was observed, demonstrating that prophylactic and quarantine procedures were not fully adequate. Therefore, failures in prophylactic procedures on any link in the production industry of ornamental fish may cause parasite transmission to ornamental fish captured in different environments and localities.
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