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Jithila PJ, Abaunza P, Prasadan PK. Distribution of different species of metacercariae in two freshwater fishes: Haludaria fasciata (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) and Pseudosphromenus cupanus (Teleostei: Osphromenidae). J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:113-123. [PMID: 35299924 PMCID: PMC8901812 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on the distribution and abundance patterns of trematodes are essential to reveal the ecology of host-parasite interactions. The Western Ghats of India, a biodiversity hotspot, is rich in freshwater fish diversity and endemism. Though there are several studies on various other aspects of fish ecology, studies on their parasitic fauna is meager. The objective of the present study is to explore the distribution and infection patterns of metacercariae of five species of trematodes in the freshwater fishes, Haludaria fasciata and Pseudosphromenus cupanus. The infection parameters were analyzed for each host and CART model was applied to analyze the environmental factors affecting parasite distribution patterns. All species of metacercariae showed an over-dispersed aggregate distributions. The classification tree models indicated that among the environmental factors considered, differences in host locality was the most influential factor in both fishes, followed at a greater distance by the factor seasonality. The parasite communities exhibited temporal and spatial differences in the infection pattern in response to seasonal and locational variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Jithila
- Ecological Parasitology and Tropical Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kannur University, Mananthavady Campus, Wayanad, Kerala 670645 India
| | - P. Abaunza
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), C.O. de Santander, Promontorio San Martín s/n, 39004 Santander, Cantabria Spain
| | - P. K. Prasadan
- Ecological Parasitology and Tropical Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kannur University, Mananthavady Campus, Wayanad, Kerala 670645 India
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Krasnov BR, Vinarski MV, Korallo-Vinarskaya NP, Shenbrot GI, Khokhlova IS. Spatial and temporal variation of compositional, functional, and phylogenetic diversity in ectoparasite infracommunities harboured by small mammals. Parasitology 2021; 148:685-695. [PMID: 33583440 PMCID: PMC11010129 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We studied patterns of compositional, functional, and phylogenetic α- and β-diversity in flea and gamasid mite infracommunities of small Siberian mammals, taking into account host-associated (species) and environmental (biome or sampling period) factors. We asked: (a) How do these factors and their interactions affect infracommunity diversity? (b) Does infracommunity composition, in terms of species, traits, and phylogenetic lineages, deviate from random? (c) Are species, traits, and phylogenetic lineages in infracommunities clustered or overdispersed?, and (d) Do patterns of diversity differ between the three diversity facets and/or the two ectoparasite taxa? We found that the α-diversity of infracommunities was strongly affected by host species, biome, and sampling period. The highest proportion of infracommunity diversity in both taxa was associated with the interaction between either host species and biome or host species and sampling period. Infracommunities of both taxa within, as well as between, host species, biomes, and sampling periods were characterized by the clustering of species, traits and lineages. The patterns of the effects of host species, biome, and sampling period on infracommunity diversity were congruent among the three diversity facets in both fleas and mites. We conclude that the assembly patterns in ectoparasite infracommunities mirror those characteristics of component and compound communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris R. Krasnov
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Maxim V. Vinarski
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 University Emb., 199034Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Omsk State University, 11 Neftezavodskaya str., 644053Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia P. Korallo-Vinarskaya
- Laboratory of Arthropod-Borne Viral Infections, Omsk Research Institute of Natural Foci Infections, Mira str. 7, 644080Omsk, Russian Federation
- Omsk State Pedagogical University, 14 Tukhachevskogo Emb., 644099 Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Georgy I. Shenbrot
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Irina S. Khokhlova
- Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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Santiago-Arellano A, Palomera-Hernandez V, Camacho-Cervantes M. Con- and Heterospecific Shoaling Makes Invasive Guppies More Risk Taking. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.624245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Behavioral traits are recognized as key to promote individual’s survival in changing conditions. For social species being part of a group is key to carry out vital activities. Heterospecific social environments could provide exotic species with the opportunity to join groups and gain the advantages of being part of a larger population. Short latency to exit a refuge is a behavioral response that could be linked to invasion success as it increases the chances of individuals to locate food sources and other resources in novel environments. The guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a successful invader, has been found to take advantage of the presence of native species to reduce its refuge emergence latency and acquire information. The research was carried out in Mexico, we investigated the effect of heterospecific social contexts that include natives and other invasive viviparous fishes on guppies’ refuge emergence latency. We found that guppies’ emergence latency was shorter when accompanied by another guppy than when alone. Their latency was also shorter when with other invaders and when with native goodeids, but with one of the invaders (Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus) and with goodeids (Skiffia bilineata) latency reduction was not as high as when with conspecifics or with the invader Poecilia gracilis. Our experiment supports both the idea that already established invaders could provide benefits to new ones, and that native species also provide benefits but less than invaders. Increasing our knowledge about conspecific and heterospecific social interactions that could make an exotic species become invasive is key to assess the invasion risk of a community.
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Salgado‐Maldonado G, Caspeta‐Mandujano JM, Mendoza‐Franco EF, Rubio‐Godoy M, García‐Vásquez A, Mercado‐Silva N, Guzmán‐Valdivieso I, Matamoros WA. Competition from sea to mountain: Interactions and aggregation in low-diversity monogenean and endohelminth communities in twospot livebearer Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus (Teleostei: Poeciliidae) populations in a neotropical river. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9115-9131. [PMID: 32953050 PMCID: PMC7487236 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of interspecific interactions in structuring low-diversity helminth communities is a controversial topic in parasite ecology research. Most parasitic communities of fish are species-poor; thus, interspecific interactions are believed to be unimportant in structuring these communities.We explored the factors that might contribute to the richness and coexistence of helminth parasites of a poeciliid fish in a neotropical river.Repeatability of community structure was examined in parasitic communities among 11 populations of twospot livebearer Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus in the La Antigua River basin, Veracruz, Mexico. We examined the species saturation of parasitic communities and explored the patterns of species co-occurrence. We also quantified the associations between parasitic species pairs and analyzed the correlations between helminth species abundance to look for repeated patterns among the study populations.Our results suggest that interspecific competition could occur in species-poor communities, aggregation plays a role in determining local richness, and intraspecific aggregation allows the coexistence of species by reducing the overall intensity of interspecific competition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Norman Mercado‐Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y ConservaciónUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavacaMexico
| | | | - Wilfredo A. Matamoros
- Instituto de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de ChiapasChiapasMexico
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Determinants of parasite distribution in Arctic charr populations: catchment structure versus dispersal potential. J Helminthol 2018; 93:559-566. [PMID: 29911512 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Parasite distribution patterns in lotic catchments are driven by the combined influences of unidirectional water flow and the mobility of the most mobile host. However, the importance of such drivers in catchments dominated by lentic habitats are poorly understood. We examined parasite populations of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus from a series of linear-connected lakes in northern Norway to assess the generality of lotic-derived catchment-scale parasite assemblage patterns. Our results demonstrated that the abundance of most parasite taxa increased from the upper to lower catchment. Allogenic taxa (piscivorous birds as final host) were present throughout the entire catchment, whereas their autogenic counterparts (charr as final hosts) demonstrated restricted distributions, thus supporting the theory that the mobility of the most mobile host determines taxa-specific parasite distribution patterns. Overall, catchment-wide parasite abundance and distribution patterns in this lentic-dominated system were in accordance with those reported for lotic systems. Additionally, our study highlighted that upper catchment regions may be inadequate reservoirs to facilitate recolonization of parasite communities in the event of downstream environmental perturbations.
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Mendoza-Garfias B, García-Prieto L, León GPPD. Checklist of the monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in mexican aquatic vertebrates. ZOOSYSTEMA 2017. [DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berenit Mendoza-Garfias
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153 CP 04510, México D.F. (México)
| | - Luis García-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153 CP 04510, México D.F. (México)
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De León
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153 CP 04510, México D.F. (México)
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Molecular data reveal high diversity ofUvulifer(Trematoda: Diplostomidae) in Middle America, with the description of a new species. J Helminthol 2017; 92:725-739. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x17000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMembers of the genusUvuliferare distributed worldwide and infect aquatic snails and freshwater fishes as first and second intermediate hosts, respectively, and fish-eating birds (kingfishers) as definitive hosts. Metacercariae ofUvuliferspp. were collected from the fins and skin of 20 species of freshwater fishes in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and the adults were recovered from the intestine of kingfishers in four localities of Mexico. The genetic divergence among 76 samples (64 metacercariae and 12 adults) was estimated by sequencing the 28S and 5.8S nuclear genes, as well as the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2, and one mitochondrial gene (cox1). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses inferred with each dataset showed a high genetic diversity within the genusUvuliferacross Middle America, revealing the existence of four genetic lineages that exhibit some level of host specificity to their second intermediate hosts. The metacercariae of lineage 1 were associated with characids and cyprinids in central and northern Mexico. Metacercariae of lineages 2 and 3 were associated with cichlids distributed widely across Middle America. The lack of adults of these lineages in kingfishers, in lineages 2 and 3, or the fact that just a few adult specimens were recovered, as in lineage 1, prevented a formal description of these species. The metacercariae of lineage 4 were found in poeciliids, across a distribution range comprising Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua, and the adult was found in the green kingfisher in Mexico. The number of specimens sampled for lineage 4, for both gravid adults and metacercariae, allowed us to describe a new species,Uvulifer spinatusn. sp. We describe the new species herein and we discuss briefly the genetic diversity inUvuliferspp. and the importance of using DNA sequences to properly characterize parasite diversity.
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Yamada FH, Takemoto RM. How does host ecology influence sampling effort in parasite diversity estimates? A case study using Neotropical freshwater fishes. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:348-353. [PMID: 28426416 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Accurately estimating biodiversity is fundamental to ecological understanding and prediction. Helminthes are often neglected in biodiversity estimates and when included are often underestimated. Here we examine how sampling effort affects estimates of parasite diversity in an assemblage of freshwater fish from a floodplain in Brazil. We also examine how ecological and behavioral factors influence the sampling effort necessary to accurately estimate the parasite diversity associated with a fish species. We use our dataset to suggest that host species with wide geographic distribution (i.e., long migrations), gregarious behavior (i.e., shoal), larger body size, higher population density, wide diet breadth (i.e., omnivorous), and autochthonous origin, increase the effort necessary to estimate the total diversity of parasites. However, estimating this parasitic fauna has several restrictions and limitations, due to the highly complex of the floodplain ecosystems, with non-linear and non-random responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Hideki Yamada
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, PR
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Salgado-Maldonado G, Novelo-Turcotte MT, Caspeta-Mandujano JM, Vazquez-Hurtado G, Quiroz-Martínez B, Mercado-Silva N, Favila M. Host specificity and the structure of helminth parasite communities of fishes in a Neotropical river in Mexico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:61. [PMID: 28004635 PMCID: PMC5178384 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2016073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In a tropical locality of Río La Antigua, Veracruz, Mexico, 11 fish species, represented by 244 individual fish from six freshwater fish families living sympatrically and synchronically, were examined for helminth parasites. A total of 36 taxa of helminths were recorded, 24 autogenic and 12 allogenic forms, including 6 monogeneans, 14 trematodes, 1 cestode, and 15 nematodes. Most helminth taxa were recovered for 10/11 of the component communities we analyzed. The results contribute empirical evidence that host specificity is an important force in the development of helminth communities of freshwater fishes. Each fish family has their own set of parasites, host species belonging to the same taxon share parasite species. High component community similarity among related host species was recorded, demonstrated by high prevalence and abundance, as well as dominance, of autogenic specialist species in each component community. Most autogenic helminth species are numerically and reproductively successful in relatively few host species. Autogenic helminths common in one host species are not common in others. Our findings give empirical support to the idea that low levels of sharing of parasites favor animal coexistence and high species richness, because large phylogenetic differences allow potentially competing animals to consume the same resources without being sensitive of another’s parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Salgado-Maldonado
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Helmintología, Apartado Postal 70-153, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Novelo-Turcotte
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Helmintología, Apartado Postal 70-153, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Caspeta-Mandujano
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Laboratorio de Parasitología de Animales Silvestres, Avenida Universidad Número 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Vazquez-Hurtado
- Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Benjamin Quiroz-Martínez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Helmintología, Apartado Postal 70-153, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Norman Mercado-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Avenida Universidad Número 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario Favila
- Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico
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Rubio-Godoy M, Razo-Mendivil U, García-Vásquez A, Freeman MA, Shinn AP, Paladini G. To each his own: no evidence of gyrodactylid parasite host switches from invasive poeciliid fishes to Goodea atripinnis Jordan (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae), the most dominant endemic freshwater goodeid fish in the Mexican Highlands. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:604. [PMID: 27884209 PMCID: PMC5123338 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goodeid topminnows are live-bearing fishes endemic to the Mexican Highlands (Mesa Central, MC). Unfortunately, in the MC, environmental degradation and introduced species have pushed several goodeid species to the brink of extinction. Invasive fishes can introduce exotic parasites, and the most abundant goodeid, blackfin goodea Goodea atripinnis Jordan, is parasitised by six exotic helminths. Poeciliids are widely dispersed invasive fishes, which exert negative ecological effects on goodeids. Poeciliids host several species of the monogenean genus Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832, including pathogenic, invasive parasites. Here, we looked for evidence of Gyrodactylus species switching hosts from poeciliids to goodeids. Methods Fish were collected in rivers draining the MC into both sides of the continental divide. Hosts were screened for gyrodactylid parasites in localities where G. atripinnis and poeciliids occurred sympatrically. Gyrodactylus specimens were characterised morphologically (attachment apparatus) and molecularly (internal transcribed spacer region, ITS). A Bayesian phylogenetic tree using ITS sequences established relationships between gyrodactylids collected from goodeid fishes and those from parasites infecting poeciliids. Results Gyrodactylids were collected from G. atripinnis in six localities on both sides of the watershed where exotic poeciliids occurred sympatrically. Morphological and molecular analyses indicated the presence of four undescribed species of Gyrodactylus infecting this goodeid host. Gyrodactylus tomahuac n. sp., the most abundant and geographically widespread species, is described here. The other three Gyrodactylus spp. are not described, but their ITS sequences are used as molecular data presented here, are the only available for gyrodactylids infecting goodeid fishes. Morphological and molecular data suggest that two distinct groups of gyrodactylids infect goodeids, one of which shares a common ancestor with gyrodactylids parasitizing poeciliids. Conclusions No evidence was found of gyrodactylids switching hosts from invasive poeciliids to endemic goodeids, nor vice versa. Moreover, considering that G. atripinnis is known to host both Gyrodactylus lamothei Mendoza-Palmero, Sereno-Uribe & Salgado-Maldonado, 2009 and Gyrodactylus mexicanus Mendoza-Palmero, Sereno-Uribe & Salgado-Maldonado, 2009, with the addition of G. tomahuac n. sp. and the three undescribed Gyrodactylus spp. reported, at least six gyrodactylids may infect this host. This would make monogeneans the second most abundant parasite group infecting G. atripinnis, which to date is known to harbour 22 helminth species: nine digeneans, five nematodes, four cestodes, three monogeneans and one acanthocephalan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rubio-Godoy
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Biología Evolutiva, Km 2.5 Ant. Carretera a Coatepec, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico.
| | - Ulises Razo-Mendivil
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Biología Evolutiva, Km 2.5 Ant. Carretera a Coatepec, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Adriana García-Vásquez
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Biología Evolutiva, Km 2.5 Ant. Carretera a Coatepec, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Mark A Freeman
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 334, Basseterre, St. Kitts And Nevis
| | - Andrew P Shinn
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK.,Fish Vet Group Asia Limited, 99/386, Chaengwattana Building, Moo 2, Chaengwattana Rd., Kwaeng Toongsonghong, Khet Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK
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Morphological and molecular description of eight new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from poeciliid fishes, collected in their natural distribution range in the Gulf of Mexico slope, Mexico. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:3337-55. [PMID: 26091759 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Eight new species of Gyrodactylus are described from Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliopsis gracilis, Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus [syn. = Heterandria bimaculata], and Xiphophorus hellerii collected in the Nautla and La Antigua River Basins in Veracruz, and in the Tecolutla River Basin in Puebla, Mexico. Analyzing the morphology of the marginal hooks, Gyrodactylus pseudobullatarudis n. sp. and Gyrodactylus xtachuna n. sp. are both very similar to Gyrodactylus bullatarudis; Gyrodactylus takoke n. sp. resembles Gyrodactylus xalapensis; Gyrodactylus lhkahuili n. sp. is similar to Gyrodactylus jarocho; and both Gyrodactylus microdactylus n. sp. and Gyrodactylus actzu n. sp. are similar to Gyrodactylus poeciliae in that all three species possess extremely short shaft points. A hypothesis of the systematic relationships of the eight new Gyrodactylus species and some of the known gyrodactylids infecting poeciliids was constructed with sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S ribosomal gene of the rRNA. Phylogenetic trees showed that the new and previously described species of Gyrodactylus infecting poeciliid fishes do not form a monophyletic assemblage. Trees also showed that the eight new species described morphologically correspond to well-supported monophyletic groups; and that morphologically similar species are also phylogenetically close. Additionally, we correct previous erroneous records of the presence of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis on wild Poecilia mexicana and Xiphophorus hellerii collected in Mexico, as re-examination of the original specimens indicated that these corresponded to Gyrodactylus pseudobullatarudis n. sp. (infecting Poecilia mexicana and Xiphophorus hellerii) and to Gyrodactylus xtachuna n. sp. (on Xiphophorus hellerii). Finally, given the widespread anthropogenic translocation of poeciliid fishes for the aquarium trade and mosquito control programs, as well as the existence of invasive, feral poeciliid populations worldwide, we discuss the possibility that gyrodactylid parasites could be introduced along with the fish hosts-this work provides taxonomic information to assess that possibility, as it describes parasites collected from poeciliid fishes within their native distribution range.
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Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Pérez-Ruiz MDLÁ, Sereno-Uribe AL, García-Varela M, Martínez-Ramírez E. Richness and similarity of helminth communities of the freshwater fish Profundulus punctatus (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.7550/rmb.41776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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