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Pinto-Cardoso R, Bessa-Andrês C, Correia-de-Sá P, Bernardo Noronha-Matos J. Could hypoxia rehabilitate the osteochondral diseased interface? Lessons from the interplay of hypoxia and purinergic signals elsewhere. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115646. [PMID: 37321413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The osteochondral unit comprises the articular cartilage (90%), subchondral bone (5%) and calcified cartilage (5%). All cells present at the osteochondral unit that is ultimately responsible for matrix production and osteochondral homeostasis, such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes, can release adenine and/or uracil nucleotides to the local microenvironment. Nucleotides are released by these cells either constitutively or upon plasma membrane damage, mechanical stress or hypoxia conditions. Once in the extracellular space, endogenously released nucleotides can activate membrane-bound purinoceptors. Activation of these receptors is fine-tuning regulated by nucleotides' breakdown by enzymes of the ecto-nucleotidase cascade. Depending on the pathophysiological conditions, both the avascular cartilage and the subchondral bone subsist to significant changes in oxygen tension, which has a tremendous impact on tissue homeostasis. Cell stress due to hypoxic conditions directly influences the expression and activity of several purinergic signalling players, namely nucleotide release channels (e.g. Cx43), NTPDase enzymes and purinoceptors. This review gathers experimental evidence concerning the interplay between hypoxia and the purinergic signalling cascade contributing to osteochondral unit homeostasis. Reporting deviations to this relationship resulting from pathological alterations of articular joints may ultimately unravel novel therapeutic targets for osteochondral rehabilitation. At this point, one can only hypothesize how hypoxia mimetic conditions can be beneficial to the ex vivo expansion and differentiation of osteo- and chondro-progenitors for auto-transplantation and tissue regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pinto-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Catarina Bessa-Andrês
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - José Bernardo Noronha-Matos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP).
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2
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Eberhardt N, Bergero G, Mazzocco Mariotta YL, Aoki MP. Purinergic modulation of the immune response to infections. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:93-113. [PMID: 34997903 PMCID: PMC8742569 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused by the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. After infection, disease progression relies on the complex interplay between the host immune response and the microorganism evasion strategies. The host's survival depends on its ability to mount an efficient protective anti-microbial response to accomplish pathogen clearance while simultaneously preventing tissue injury by keeping under control the excessive inflammatory process. The purinergic system has the dual function of regulating the immune response and triggering effector antimicrobial mechanisms. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity driven by the purinergic system during parasitic, bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Eberhardt
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) - Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Present Address: Department of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Gastón Bergero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) - Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Yanina L. Mazzocco Mariotta
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) - Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M. Pilar Aoki
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) - Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Haya de La Torre and Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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3
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Wang H, Wang L, Yang L, Shi X, Wen Z, Dong X. Exploring the relationship between the dielectric properties and viability of human normal hepatic tissues from 10 Hz to 100 MHz based on grey relational analysis and BP neural network. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104494. [PMID: 34058511 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver is an important parenchyma organ, and its tissue viability plays an important role in liver transplantation and liver ischemic injury assessment. Dielectric property is a useful biophysical feature that provides insights into the structure and composition of biological tissues. This work aims to establish the relationship between the dielectric properties and viability of human normal hepatic tissues and explore the possibility of evaluating tissue viability by using dielectric properties. First, data on dielectric properties and tissue viability (including cell morphology and enzyme indicators) were collected from human liver tissues at 0.25-24 h after isolation. Grey relational analysis was conducted to select dielectric property and tissue viability indices that were highly correlated with prolonged ex vivo time as the inputs and outputs, respectively, of back-propagation (BP) neural network analysis. Finally, a BP neural network was developed with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to explore the possibility of using dielectric properties as the basis for tissue viability evaluation. Results showed that the mean relative error for prediction was 2.40%, indicating that the model showed potential in forecasting liver tissue viability by applying dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhihong Wen
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuzhen Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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4
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Wen Z, Jiang R, Huang Y, Wen Z, Rui D, Liao X, Ling Z. Inhibition of lung cancer cells and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signal transduction by ectonucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase-7 (ENTPD7). Respir Res 2019; 20:194. [PMID: 31443651 PMCID: PMC6708200 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of ectonucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase-7 (ENTPD7) on lung cancer cells. Methods The expression characteristics of ENTPD7 and its effect on the survival of lung cancer patients were analyzed by referring to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) staining was performed to detect the ENTPD7 protein in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues. Plasmid transfection technology was also applied to silence ENTPD7 gene. Crystal violet staining and flow cytometry were performed to determine cell proliferation and apoptosis. Tumor-bearing nude mice model was established to investigate the effect of sh-ENTPD7 on tumors. Results The results showed that patients with low levels of ENTPD7 had higher survival rates. ENTPD7 was up-regulated in lung cancer tissues and cells. Down-regulation of the expression of ENTPD7 inhibited proliferation but promoted apoptosis of lung cancer cell. Silencing ENTPD7 also inhibited the expression levels of Ras and Raf proteins and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Tumor-bearing nude mice experiments showed that silencing ENTPD7 had an inhibitory effect on lung cancer cells. Conclusions ENTPD7 was overexpressed in lung cancer cells. Down-regulating ENTPD7 could inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation and promote apoptosis via inhibiting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Rongfang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhineng Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Dong Rui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhougui Ling
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi Province, China.
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5
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Experimental infection of cattle with Listeria monocytogenes: Participation of purinergic metabolism in disease pathogenesis. Microb Pathog 2018; 122:25-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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6
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Castilhos LG, Adefegha SA, Doleski PH, Bertoldo TM, Moritz CEJ, Casali EA, Leal DB. NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities and purine levels in serum of sickle cell anemia patients. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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7
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Purinergic system as a potential target for inflammation and toxicity induced by thymol in immune cells and tissues. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:105-110. [PMID: 30066040 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thymol is a phytochemical component present in many plants used as food additive in order to promote animal growth due to its several biological properties. However, possible side effects of thymol remain poorly known limited to few reports. In this sense, we evaluated the enzymes of the purinergic signaling such as, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA), that play an important role on toxicity induced by excessive adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the extracellular environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether purinergic signaling could be considered a potential target of thymol-induced inflammation, and the toxicity in tissues and immune cells of mice after thymol administration. NTPDase activity (ATP as substrate) in serum, spleen, and splenic lymphocytes was lower after 30 days of oral treatment at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of thymol, while ADA activity was stimulated at 20 and 40 mg/kg. No differences were observed between groups regarding NTPDase (ADP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities in all evaluated tissues. Based on these evidences, adenine nucleotide hydrolysis is modified in serum, spleen, and splenic lymphocytes of mice treated with thymol, contributing to inflammation and toxicity by a reduction on ATP hydrolyses and its possible accumulation in the extracellular medium and increased Ado desamination and its possible reduction in the extracellular environment, leading to a self-sustained pro-inflammatory deleterious cycle. In summary, all tested thymol concentrations induced inflammation and toxicity in tissues and immune cells of treated mice.
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8
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Bottari NB, Verdi CM, Santos RCV, Vizzotto BS, Baldisserotto B. Purinergic signalling displays an anti-inflammatory profile in the spleen of fish experimentally infected with Aeromonas caviae: Modulation of the immune response. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:683-687. [PMID: 29265378 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its metabolite adenosine (Ado) are recognized as key mediators of immune and inflammatory responses. Depending on its concentration, ATP may act as an immunostimulant or immunodepressant, while Ado levels display an anti-inflammatory profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether splenic purinergic signalling is capable of modulating immune and inflammatory responses in fish experimentally infected with Aeromonas caviae. Triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) and 5'-nucleotidase activities increased in the spleen of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) experimentally infected with A. caviae compared with the uninfected control group. Moreover, splenic Ado levels increased in the infected animals relative to the uninfected control group. Based on these lines of evidence, our findings revealed that adenine nucleotide hydrolysis is modified in the spleen of fish infected with A. caviae attempting to restrict the inflammatory process through the upregulation of NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities, which occurs in an attempt to hydrolyse the excessive ATP in the extracellular environment and rapidly hydrolyse AMP to form Ado. In summary, purinergic signalling can modulate immune and inflammatory responses during A. caviae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - N B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C M Verdi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R C V Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - B S Vizzotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - B Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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9
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Treatment with 3′-deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin in mice infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and its side effect on purinergic enzymes. Microb Pathog 2017; 113:51-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Doleski PH, Leal DBR, Machado VS, Bottari NB, Manzoni AG, Casali EA, Moritz CEJ, Rocha ACA, Camillo G, Vogel FF, Stefani LM, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. Diphenyl diselenide modulates nucleotidases, reducing inflammatory responses in the liver of Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:489-496. [PMID: 28815408 PMCID: PMC5714838 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the effect of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 on hepatic nucleotidases and on the concentration of purines in mice infected by Toxoplasma gondii. The animals were divided into four groups: Group A (uninfected), Group B (uninfected and treated with (PhSe)2), Group C (infected), and Group D (infected and treated with (PhSe)2). The inoculation (groups C and D) was performed with 50 cysts of T. gondii (ME-49 strain). Mice from groups B and D were treated with 5 μmol kg-1 of (PhSe)2. Liver tissue from infected mice showed less severe inflammation, elevated ATP/ADO ratio, elevated NTPDase, 5'nucleotidase, and ADA activities compared to the uninfected group (Group A; P < 0.05). However, infected and treated mice showed decreased ATP levels and elevated ADO levels, as well as higher NTPDase and 5'nucleotidase activities and decreased ADA activity in the hepatic tissue compared to the infected group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the (PhSe)2 treatment of infected mice reduced the hepatic inflammation and showed an immunomodulatory effect on ectonucleotidases of hepatic lymphocytes, which it returned to basal levels. Therefore, chronic infection by T. gondii induces hepatic inflammation in mice, and it is possible that purine levels and nucleotidase activities in hepatic tissue are related to the pathogenesis of the infection in this tissue. The treatment with (PhSe)2 was able to reverse the hepatic inflammation in mice chronically infected, possibly due to the modulation of purinergic enzymes that produce an anti-inflammatory profile through the purinergic system in the liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Machado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Emerson A Casali
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cesar E J Moritz
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Program of Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana C A Rocha
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giovana Camillo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Purinergic system displays an anti-inflammatory profile in serum of silver catfish experimentally infected with Streptococcus agalactiae: An attempt to ameliorate the inflammatory response. Microb Pathog 2017; 114:193-196. [PMID: 29196169 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purinergic system is recognized to modulate extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and related nucleotides through the activities of triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase, and adenosine deaminase (ADA), thereby playing an essential role in the immunoregulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the purinergic system can improve the inflammatory response in fish experimentally infected with Streptococcus agalactiae through the modulation of seric NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and ADA activities. Seric NTPDase (ATP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities increased in silver catfish experimentally infected with S. agalactiae compared with the uninfected control group, while seric ADA activity decreased. Based on this evidence, our findings suggest that regulation of adenine nucleotide hydrolysis occurs in an attempt to restrict the inflammatory process and improve the immune system by hydrolyzing excess extracellular ATP. On the other hand, downregulation of seric ADA activity may be an attempt to augment extracellular adenosine (a molecule with anti-inflammatory effects) levels. In summary, the purinergic system is capable of modulating the immune and inflammatory responses during fish streptococcosis.
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Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Moreira KLS, da Rocha MIUM, da Veiga ML, Santos RCV, Baldisserotto B. Purinergic signaling modulates the cerebral inflammatory response in experimentally infected fish with Streptococcus agalactiae: an attempt to improve the immune response. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 443:131-138. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Doleski PH, Ten Caten MV, Passos DF, Castilhos LG, Leal DBR, Machado VS, Bottari NB, Vogel FF, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. Toxoplasmosis treatment with diphenyl diselenide in infected mice modulates the activity of purinergic enzymes and reduces inflammation in spleen. Exp Parasitol 2017; 181:7-13. [PMID: 28710007 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan, may cause chronic infection in the brain tissue of the host inducing a systemic pro-inflammatory profile. Chronic infections can induce numerous physiological changes, such as alterations in the immune and oxidative profiles. Diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2, an organoselenium compound, has shown antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in recent studies. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the activity of purinergic enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in serum and spleen of mice chronically infected by T. gondii, untreated and treated with (PhSe)2. For this experiment, were divided into four groups: Group A (healthy mice), Group B (healthy mice treated with (PhSe)2), Group C (infected mice) and Group D (infected mice treated with (PhSe)2). Group C and group D were infected via oral route with ME49 Toxoplasma gondii strain. Groups B and D were treated subcutaneously with 5 μmol kg-1 of (PhSe)2. Chronic T. gondii infection induced splenomegaly and physiological changes in the spleen and raised histologic inflammatory markers, ROS levels and the activity of purinergic enzymes activity such as NTPDase, 5´nucleotidase and ADA. In serum, the infection increased 5´nucleotidase and ADA activities. (PhSe)2per se has managed to decrease ROS levels and ADA activity and increase NTPDase and 5´nucleotidase in spleen. In infected mice, treatment with (PhSe)2 reversed splenomegaly, reduced histological inflammatory markers, ROS levels and ADA activity in the spleen. Our results prove that chronic toxoplasmosis can induce splenomegaly, heightens ROS levels and purinergic enzyme activity in mice. These results suggest that (PhSe)2 is a potential therapy for the alterations found in the spleen in chronic T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Maura V Ten Caten
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Daniela F Passos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Lívia G Castilhos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Machado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | | | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil.
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14
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da Silva AS, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Doleski PH, Carmo GM, Schwertz CI, Lucca NJ, Henker LC, Piva MM, Giacomin P, Stefani LM, Leal DB, Machado G, Mendes RE. Ectonucleotidase and adenosine deaminase as inflammatory marker in dairy cows naturally infected by Dictyocaulus viviparus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 51:9-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Fracasso M, Da Silva AS, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Gabriel ME, Piva MM, Stedille FA, Christ R, Rhoden LA, Henker LC, Moresch VM, Schetinger MRC, Mendes RE. Activities of ectonucleotidases and adenosine deaminase in platelets of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Exp Parasitol 2017; 176:16-20. [PMID: 28242355 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic activities of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) are important in regulating the concentration of adenine nucleotides, molecules known to be involved on platelet aggregation. Fasciolosis causes coagulation disorders that have not been completely elucidated. Taking into consideration the association between the purinergic system and hemostasis, this study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic activities of NTPDase (hydrolyze ATP and ADP), 5'-nucleotidase (hydrolyze AMP) and ADA (deamination of adenosine) in platelets from cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica on days 20, 40, 60 and 80 post-infection (PI). For this study, 10 healthy Friesian steers were separated into two groups: the group A (n = 5) was used as uninfected control, and the group B was composed of steers experimentally infected by F. hepatica (n = 5). The number of platelets did not differ between groups in the periods evaluated. Reduction of NTPDase (p < 0.05) hydrolysing ATP (days 20, 40 and 60 PI), and ADP (days 40, 60 and 80 PI), and on 5'-nucleotidase hydrolyzing AMP (days 40 and 60 PI) was observed. A reduction (p < 0.05) in ADA activity on day 20 PI, as well as an increase (p < 0.05) in ADA activity on days 40 and 60 PI was observed when compared to the control. Based on these results, we can conclude that ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis and adenosine deamination were altered in platelets of cattle infected by F. hepatica. Considering the importance of the purinergic system in hemostasis, it is believed that those changes may contribute to the coagulation impairment observed in acute fasciolosis described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Fracasso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus E Gabriel
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Manoela M Piva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Stedille
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Christ
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Rhoden
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Luan C Henker
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Vera M Moresch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
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Purinergic enzymatic activities in lymphocytes and cardiomyocytes of mice acutely infected by Trypanosoma cruzi modulating the inflammatory responses. Exp Parasitol 2017; 175:44-50. [PMID: 28167210 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of purinergic enzymes in lymphocytes and cardiac tissue of mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. Twelve female mice were used, divided into two groups (n = 6): uninfected and infected. On day 12 post-infection (PI), the animals were anesthetized and after euthanized, and samples were collected for analyses. Infected mice showed reduction in erythrocyte counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration, as well as reduced number of total leukocytes in consequence of neutrophilia (P < 0.01). The number of monocytes increased in infected mice (P < 0.001), however the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). The E-NTPDase (ATP and ADP substrate) and E-ADA activities in lymphocytes increased significantly in mice infected by T. cruzi (P < 0.01). In the heart, multiple pseudocysts containing amastigotes within cardiomyocytes were observed, as well as focally extensive severe necrosis associated with diffuse moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes. Although, the NTPDase activity (ATP and ADP substrate) in the cardiac homogenate did not differ between groups, a reduction on 5'-nucleotidase activity (P < 0.001) and an increase in the ADA activity in infected animals (P < 0.05) were observed. Thus, animals infected by T. cruzi experienced the disease, i.e., showed anemia, leucopenia, and heart lesions. Associated with this, purinergic enzymes showed altered activities, which might be related to the modulation of the inflammatory response.
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Oxidative stress and changes in adenosine deaminase activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Parasitology 2017; 144:520-526. [PMID: 28103965 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016002043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in serum and liver and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. The group A consisted of five healthy animals (uninfected), and the group B was composed of five animals orally infected with 200 metacercariae of F. hepatica. On days 20, 40, 60 and 80 post-infection (PI) serum was collected to measure oxidative stress variables. On day 100 PI, animals were humanely euthanized and liver samples were collected. Infected animals showed lower (P < 0·05) seric ADA activities on days 40 and 60 PI but higher (P < 0·05) in the liver tissue compared with uninfected animals. Seric and hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher (P < 0·05) in infected compared with uninfected animals. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher (P < 0·05) in infected animals. Catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities were lower in liver tissue of infected animals, while glutathione peroxidase was higher compared with uninfected (P < 0·05). In summary, we conclude that oxidative stress occurs in cattle experimentally infected by F. hepatica, mainly due to excessive ROS production in the course of fasciolosis, contributing to hepatic damage, and that increased in hepatic ADA activity may contribute to the inflammatory process.
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Hepatic and seric levels of purines in rats experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:2363-9. [PMID: 26971323 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-4986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic and seric levels of purines, as well as their breakdown products in rats infected by Fasciola hepatica on days 15 and 87 post-infection (PI). Rats were divided into two groups: uninfected (n = 10) and infected (n = 20). On day 15 (n = 5 for uninfected group and n = 10 for infected group) and 87 PI (n = 5 for uninfected group and n = 10 for infected group), animals were euthanized for sampling to evaluate levels of purines by high-performance liquid chromatography. In serum, ATP increased (P < 0.05) and ADP decreased (P < 0.05) on days 15 and 87 PI, while AMP increased (P < 0.05) only on day 15 PI. Hypoxanthine levels increased (P < 0.05) on days 15 and 87 PI, while adenosine and xanthine levels decreased and increased (P < 0.05), respectively, on day 87 PI. No difference was observed regarding seric inosine and uric acid (P > 0.05). Hepatic ATP, adenosine, and uric acid levels decreased (P < 0.05) on days 15 and 87 PI. AMP levels decreased (P < 0.05) on day 87 PI, while xanthine levels increased (P < 0.05) on day 15 PI in the liver. Also in the liver, hypoxanthine levels increased (P < 0.05) on day 15 PI and decreased (P < 0.05) on day 87 PI. On the other hand, there was no difference on hepatic ADP and inosine levels (P > 0.05). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that F. hepatica infection can change purine levels, which may be associated with an inflammatory process, and these alterations may influence fasciolosis pathogenesis.
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