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Schattanek-Wiesmair B, Huemer P, Wieser C, Stark W, Hausmann A, Koblmüller S, Sefc KM. A DNA barcode library of Austrian geometridae (Lepidoptera) reveals high potential for DNA-based species identification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298025. [PMID: 38466749 PMCID: PMC10927147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Situated in the Eastern section of the European Alps, Austria encompasses a great diversity of different habitat types, ranging from alpine to lowland Pannonian ecosystems, and a correspondingly high level of species diversity, some of which has been addressed in various DNA barcoding projects. Here, we report a DNA barcode library of all the 476 species of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) that have been recorded in Austria. As far as possible, species were sampled from different Austrian regions in order to capture intraspecific genetic variation. In total, 2500 DNA barcode sequences, representing 438 species, were generated in this study. For complete coverage of Austrian geometrid species in the subsequent analyses, the dataset was supplemented with DNA barcodes from specimens of non-Austrian origin. Species delimitations by ASAP, BIN and bPTP methods yielded 465, 510 and 948 molecular operational taxonomic units, respectively. Congruency of BIN and ASAP partitions with morphospecies assignments was reasonably high (85% of morphospecies in unique partitions), whereas bPTP appeared to overestimate the number of taxonomic units. The study furthermore identified taxonomically relevant cases of morphospecies splitting and sharing in the molecular partitions. We conclude that DNA barcoding and sequence analysis revealed a high potential for accurate DNA-based identification of the Austrian Geometridae species. Additionally, the study provides an updated checklist of the geometrid moths of Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Schattanek-Wiesmair
- Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsges.m.b.H., Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Huemer
- Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsges.m.b.H., Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Stark
- Ökoplus Umweltforschung und Consulting GmbH, Trübensee, Austria
| | - Axel Hausmann
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München, München, Germany
| | - Stephan Koblmüller
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristina M. Sefc
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz, Graz, Austria
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Kita Y, Kajihara H. Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of the genus Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) parasitizing the rock greenling Hexagrammos lagocephalus (Pallas) (Scorpaeniformes: Hexagrammidae) from eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Syst Parasitol 2023; 100:735-743. [PMID: 37856043 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A new species of marine-fish-parasitizing echinorhynchid palaeacanthocephalan, Echinorhynchus sasakiae sp. nov., is described based on material from the intestine of the rock greenling Hexagrammos lagocephalus (Pallas) obtained in two localities (Akkeshi and Nemuro) in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Echinorhynchus sasakiae sp. nov. can be distinguished from other congeners by having an oval-shaped proboscis covered with hooks arranged in 14-15 rows, each consisting of 7-10 hooks that are anteriorly short and curved, but posteriorly long and weakly curved. The phylogenetic position of Echinorhynchus sasakiae sp. nov. is inferred based on three gene markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) along with relevant sequences from ten congeners available in public databases. Echinorhynchus sasakiae sp. nov. represents the 54th member of the genus and the ninth marine congener known from Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kita
- Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kajihara
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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Kita Y, Hiruta SF, Sasaki M, Kajihara H. Systematic position of the genus Metacanthocephalus Yamaguti, 1959 (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) inferred from molecular evidence, with a redescription of Metacanthocephalus ovicephalus (Zhukov, 1960). Parasitol Int 2023; 94:102731. [PMID: 36623803 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The familial affiliation of the echinorhynchid palaeacanthocephalan genus Metacanthocephalus has been uncertain, with the three families Echinorhynchidae, Leptorhynchoididae, and Rhadinorhynchidae having been suggested as its parent taxon. In this study, adult individuals of Metacanthocephalus ovicephalus from the intestine of the cresthead flounder Pseudopleuronectes schrenki (new host) and the dark flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus in Hokkaido, Japan, were examined. Using three gene markers (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes) determined from two specimens of M. ovicephalus, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed along with relevant sequences available in public databases representing 26 species in eight families of the order Echinorhynchida, along with five species from Polymorphida and two from Eoacanthocephala. The resulting phylogram showed that M. ovicephalus was nested within a clade along with nine species in eight genera (Brentisentis yangtzensis, Dentitruncus truttae, Dollfusentis bravoae, Koronacantha mexicana, K. pectinaria, Leptorhynchoides thecatus, Neotegorhynchus cyprini, Pseudoleptorhynchoides lamothei, and Tegorhynchus [= Illiosentis] sp.). In this paper, we propose i) a set of morphological characters to circumscribe members represented by this clade as a Linnaean higher taxon, ii) to place this taxon at the rank of family, iii) to refer to it as Leptorhynchoididae, and iv) to regard Illiosentidae as a junior synonym of Leptorhynchoididae. Our morphological examination revealed a single vaginal sphincter in M. ovicephalus, a character that was not mentioned in any of the previous literature. By this character, along with geographical distribution and host fish, six congeners currently recognized in Metacanthocephalus can be divided into two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kita
- Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Shimpei F Hiruta
- The Mt. Fuji Institute for Nature and Biology, Showa University, 4562 Kamiyoshida, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi 403-0005, Japan; Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sasaki
- Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1, Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajihara
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Rojas-Sánchez E, Umaña-Blanco F, Jiménez-Rocha A, Vega-Benavides K, Medaglia A, Solano-Barquero A, Rojas A, Jiménez M. Cryptic diversity in a gastrointestinal acanthocephalan of New World primates from Costa Rica. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2402. [PMID: 36765145 PMCID: PMC9918474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosthenorchis elegans is a worm of the family Archiacanthocephala that infects non-human primates in the Americas, producing an intestinal pathology that may compromise the life of its hosts. Squirrel monkeys, Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus, were found with P. elegans in Costa Rica. Histopathological analysis revealed a severe pyogranulomatous response composed by macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, fibroblasts and lymphocytes. Morphological worm analyses revealed 36 hooks in the proboscis distributed in six rows; and total body, hook and lemnisci length were compatible to the original descriptions of P. elegans. In addition, phylogenetic, haplotype network and genetic distance analyses were done on cytochrome oxidase subunit 1, cox1, sequences obtained from the collected specimens. Sequences obtained herein clustered separately with high posterior probabilities in a Bayesian Inference tree and showed 8.12% nucleotide differences when compared to P. elegans from Colombia. This high divergence was confirmed in the TCS network that separated Colombian and Costa Rican sequences by 32 mutational steps, a genetic distance PCA which separated sequences from both geographical locations by 89.5% and an FST value of 0.655, indicating the presence of cryptic diversity in P. elegans. Additional studies from specimens collected from other definitive hosts and geographical locations are required to better understand the biodiversity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rojas-Sánchez
- Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Fabián Umaña-Blanco
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ana Jiménez-Rocha
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Karen Vega-Benavides
- Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Alejandro Medaglia
- Laboratorio Institucional de Microscopía, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica.,Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Solano-Barquero
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alicia Rojas
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. .,Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Mauricio Jiménez
- Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica.
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Ru SS, Rehman AU, Chen HX, Suleman S, Khan MS, Muhammad N, Li L. Morphology and molecular characterization of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) bilaspurensis Chowhan, Gupta & Khera, 1987 (Acanthocephala: Gyracanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from the common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Pakistan. Parasitol Int 2022; 90:102608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Muster C, Spelda J, Rulik B, Thormann J, von der Mark L, Astrin JJ. The dark side of pseudoscorpion diversity: The German Barcode of Life campaign reveals high levels of undocumented diversity in European false scorpions. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:13815-13829. [PMID: 34707820 PMCID: PMC8525104 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA barcoding is particularly useful for identification and species delimitation in taxa with conserved morphology. Pseudoscorpions are arachnids with high prevalence of morphological crypsis. Here, we present the first comprehensive DNA barcode library for Central European Pseudoscorpiones, covering 70% of the German pseudoscorpion fauna (35 out of 50 species). For 21 species, we provide the first publicly available COI barcodes, including the rare Anthrenochernes stellae Lohmander, a species protected by the FFH Habitats Directive. The pattern of intraspecific COI variation and interspecific COI variation (i.e., presence of a barcode gap) generally allows application of the DNA barcoding approach, but revision of current taxonomic designations is indicated in several taxa. Sequences of 36 morphospecies were assigned to 74 BINs (barcode index numbers). This unusually high number of intraspecific BINs can be explained by the presence of overlooked cryptic species and by the accelerated substitution rate in the mitochondrial genome of pseudoscorpions, as known from previous studies. Therefore, BINs may not be an appropriate proxy for species numbers in pseudoscorpions, while partitions built with the ASAP algorithm (Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning) correspond well with putative species. ASAP delineated 51 taxonomic units from our data, an increase of 42% compared with the present taxonomy. The Neobisium carcionoides complex, currently considered a polymorphic species, represents an outstanding example of cryptic diversity: 154 sequences from our dataset were allocated to 23 BINs and 12 ASAP units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Muster
- Zoologisches Institut und MuseumUniversität GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Jörg Spelda
- SNSB‐Zoologische Staatssammlung MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Björn Rulik
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. KoenigZFMKBonnGermany
| | - Jana Thormann
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. KoenigZFMKBonnGermany
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