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Bayaumy FEA, Rizk SA, Darwish AS. Superb bio-effectiveness of Cobalt (II) phthalocyanine and Ag NPs adorned Sm-doped ZnO nanorods/cuttlefish bone to annihilate Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae and adult worms: In-vitro evaluation. Parasitol Int 2024; 101:102899. [PMID: 38663799 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Herein, innovative biocides are designed for the treatment of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae (ML) and adult worms. Samarium-doped ZnO nanorods (Sm-doped ZnO) are stabilized onto the laminar structure of cuttlefish bone (CB) matrix and adorned by either Ag NPs or cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) species. Physicochemical characteristics of such nanocomposites are scrutinised. Adorning of Sm-doped ZnO/CB with Ag NPs shortens rod-like shaped Sm-doped ZnO nanoparticles and accrues them, developing large-sized detached patches over CB moiety. Meanwhile, adorning of Sm-doped ZnO/CB by CoPc species degenerates CB lamellae forming semi-rounded platelets and encourages invading of Sm-doped ZnO nanorods deeply inside gallery spacings of CB. Both nanocomposites possess advanced parasiticidal activity, displaying quite intoxication for ML and adult worms (≥88% mortality) within an incubation period of <48 h at concentrations around 200 μg/ml. CoPc@Sm-doped ZnO/CB nanocomposite exhibits faster killing efficiency of adult worms than that of Ag@Sm-doped ZnO/CB at a concentration of ∼75 μg/ml showing entire destruction of parasite after 24 h incubation with the former nanocomposite and just 60% worm mortality after 36 h exposure to the later one. Morphological studies of the treated ML and adult worms show that CoPc@Sm-doped ZnO/CB exhibits a destructive impact on the parasite body, creating featureless and sloughed fragments enriched with intensive vacuoles. Hybridization of cuttlefish bone lamellae by CoPc species is considered a springboard for fabrication of futuristic aggressive drugs against various food- and water-borne parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma E A Bayaumy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sameh A Rizk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Atef S Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
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Elossily NA, Abd-ELrahman SM, Khedr AA, Dyab AK, Mahmoud AE, Mohamed SM, Abd Elrahman AM, Alsharif FM, Alsaadawy RM, Sayed RKA, Khalifa MM. Light microscopical and parasitological analyses revealed the beneficial effects of silver nanoparticles and various myrrh extracts against Trichinella spiralis infection in mice. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1566-1575. [PMID: 38430198 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis infection is a food-borne zoonotic disease caused by nematodes that dwell in the tissues, presenting a significant public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), myrrh biosynthesized AgNPs "AgNPs synthesized using plant-based green technologies", myrrh extract, and myrrh essential oil, as alternative treatments against T. spiralis infection. Parasitological, histopathological, and cytotoxicity assessments were conducted to investigate the effects of various concentrations of these treatments in reducing the populations of adult worms and larvae during both the intestinal and muscular phases of T. spiralis-infected mice. The results showed that the highest antihelminthic efficacy against the intestinal phase of T. spiralis was achieved by myrrh extract (86.66%), followed closely by AgNPs (84.96%) and myrrh AgNPs (82.51%) at higher concentrations (800 mg/kg for myrrh extract, 40 μg/mL for AgNPs, and 40 μg/mL for myrrh AgNPs). While the group treated with myrrh essential oil showed the lowest percentage of adult reduction (78.14%). However, all treatments demonstrated comparable effects in reducing the larvae population in the muscle phase. Histopathological examination of the tissues revealed compelling evidence of the effectiveness of AgNPs, particularly when prepared with myrrh. Additionally, a comprehensive assessment of the cytotoxicity of AgNPs indicated low toxicity levels. This study supports that AgNPs synthesized using plant-based green technologies hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of T. spiralis infection. These findings present a promising avenue for the development of novel antiparasitic drugs that are both effective and safe. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Myrrh extract has the highest antihelminthic efficacy against the intestinal phase of T. spiralis. Histopathological examination of the tissues revealed compelling evidence of the effectiveness of AgNPs, particularly when prepared with myrrh. During intestinal phase of T. spiralis, varying levels of nanoparticle precipitation were detected in the liver, brain, lung, and intestine. During the muscular phase, the highest amount of AgNPs precipitation was detected in the liver, followed by the brain, and lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed A Elossily
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Salwa M Abd-ELrahman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Khedr
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Dyab
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer E Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Fahd M Alsharif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Reem M Alsaadawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ramy K A Sayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mervat M Khalifa
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Ibrahim AF, Selim SM, Shafey DA, Sweed DM, Farag SA, Gouda MA. Appraisal of Chitosan-Coated Lipid Nano-Combination with Miltefosine and Albendazole in the Treatment of Murine Trichinellosis: Experimental Study with Evaluation of Immunological and Immunohistochemical Parameters. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:929-950. [PMID: 38489009 PMCID: PMC11001732 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resistance and adverse consequences of albendazole (ABZ) in treating trichinellosis urged demand for secure and effective new drugs. The current study aimed to assess the effect of chitosan-coated lipid nano-combination with albendazole and miltefosine (MFS) in treating experimental murine trichinellosis and evaluating pathological and immunological changes of trichinellosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups. Each group was subdivided into a and b subgroups based on the scarification time, which was 7- and 40-days post-infection (PI), respectively. The treatment efficacy was evaluated using parasitological, histopathological, serological (interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-4 serum levels), immunohistochemical (GATA3, glutathione peroxidase1 (GPX1) and caspase-3), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. RESULTS The most effective drug was nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with ABZ (G5), which showed the most significant reduction in adults and larval count (100% and 92.39%, respectively). The greatest amelioration in histopathological changes was reported in G4 treated with MFS. GATA3 and caspase-3 were significantly reduced in all treated groups. GPX1 was significantly increased in G6 treated with MFS + NLCs. The highest degenerative effects on adults and larvae by SEM were documented in G6. CONCLUSION Loading ABZ or MFS on chitosan-coated NLCs enhanced their efficacy against trichinellosis. Although ABZ was better than MFS, their combination should be considered as MFS caused a significant reduction in the intensity of infection. Furthermore, MFS showed anti-inflammatory (↓GATA3) and antiapoptotic effects (↓caspase-3), especially in the muscular phase. Also, when loaded with NLCS, it showed an antioxidant effect (↑GPX1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F Ibrahim
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Selim
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Shafey
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Dina M Sweed
- Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Farag
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A Gouda
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Medical Campus, Menoufia University, Melig Road, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt
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Salim AA, Butler MS, Blaskovich MAT, Henderson IR, Capon RJ. Natural products as anthelmintics: safeguarding animal health. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1754-1808. [PMID: 37555325 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Covering literature to December 2022This review provides a comprehensive account of all natural products (500 compounds, including 17 semi-synthetic derivatives) described in the primary literature up to December 2022, reported to be capable of inhibiting the egg hatching, motility, larval development and/or the survival of helminths (i.e., nematodes, flukes and tapeworms). These parasitic worms infect and compromise the health and welfare, productivity and lives of commercial livestock (i.e., sheep, cattle, horses, pigs, poultry and fish), companion animals (i.e., dogs and cats) and other high value, endangered and/or exotic animals. Attention is given to chemical structures, as well as source organisms and anthelmintic properties, including the nature of bioassay target species, in vivo animal hosts, and measures of potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Salim
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Robert J Capon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
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El-Wakil ES, Khodear GAM, Ahmed HES, Ibrahim GIK, Hegab F, Abdo SM. Therapeutic efficacy of albendazole and berberine loaded on bovine serum albumin nanoparticles on intestinal and muscular phases of experimental trichinellosis. Acta Trop 2023; 241:106896. [PMID: 36921748 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been no treatment for trichinellosis until now. Therefore, this work targeted to investigating the efficacy of albendazole and berberine alone and loaded on bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles against intestinal and muscular phases of trichinellosis in mice. Mice were divided into nine different groups: negative control, positive control, blank nanoparticle, albendazole, berberine, a combination of albendazole and berberine, albendazole-loaded nanoparticle, berberine-loaded nanoparticle and combination of albendazole and berberine-loaded nanoparticle. Subsequently, they were sacrificed 6 and 35 days after infection. Treatment efficacies were parasitologically, histopathologically and, immunohistochemically assessed. Parasitological counting for the adult worms and encysted larvae with histopathological assessment using H&E for intestinal and muscular sections and picrosirius red stain for muscular sections were used. Also, immunohistochemical expression of the intestinal nod-like receptor-pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) was investigated. The group treated with nano_combined drugs showed a statistically significant reduction in adult and encysted larval count (p<0.005), a remarkable improvement of intestinal and muscular inflammation, and a reduction in the capsular thickness of the larvae. Also, this group showed the highest reduction of NLRP3 expression. This work revealed that berberine might be a promising anti-trichinellosis drug with a synergistic effect when combined with albendazole through modulation of the immune response, inflammation, and larva capsule formation. Furthermore, delivering both drugs in a nanoparticle form improves their therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S El-Wakil
- Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St., 12411, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan A M Khodear
- Medical technology center, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | | | | - Fatma Hegab
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St., 12411, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Abdo
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 35516, Egypt.
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Wang M, Liu W, Xiong Z, Li Z, Li J, Xu X, Zhang M, Xing M, Ning Q, Wu D, Qi J. Case Report: "Area of Focus" Atypical Trichinellosis and Fascioliasis Coinfection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:881356. [PMID: 35646994 PMCID: PMC9132012 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.881356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic co-infection is commonly observed in natural populations, yet rare in the laboratory. Multiparasitism can have negative effects on the host, ranging from the atypical manifestations to increased mortality, consequently, it may be misdiagnosed and treated with unsuitable anthelmintic medicines. Therefore, reliable diagnosis is critical for appropriate treatment of parasitic co-infection. Herein, we report a case of a 31-year-old woman with persistent eosinophilia and hypoechoic liver lesion on ultrasound. The microscopic examination of multiple stool specimens did not find any pathogens. The patient had serum specific anti-Trichinella IgG antibody by Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA). After treatment with albendazole, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed more lesions in the liver. Subsequently, liver biopsy was performed in this patient and Fasciola hepatica was identified using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) as well as polymerase chain reaction. After treatment with triclabendazole, which is the only anthelmintic drug specifically available against this fluke, her eosinophil count returned normal, and the liver lesions were significantly regressed. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by parasitic co-infection, which merits more in-depth evaluation to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziman Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiansha Li
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyou Xing
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junying Qi
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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