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Sung W. Multilevel Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematomas in a Recreational Weight Lifter. Clin J Sport Med 2024:00042752-990000000-00221. [PMID: 39078445 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a nontraumatic condition that potentially compresses the spinal cord by accumulating blood in the epidural space. We report a case of multilevel SSEH in a 27-year-old male recreational weight lifter, presenting with acute lower back pain and bilateral leg weakness after deadlifts. Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed subacute epidural hematomas with distinct signal intensities. The hematomas spanned multiple thoracic and lumbar levels without any predisposing medical conditions. Conservative management, including strict bed rest and pain management, led to marked improvement, with follow-up MRI indicating reduced hematoma size and expanded dural sac dimension. This case highlights the rare possibility of long-extending SSEH from weight lifting in individuals without risk factors and underscores the effectiveness of conservative treatment for multilevel spinal epidural hematomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjae Sung
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Arul K, Scriven P, Valentas L, Anderson S. Use of MRI in the Characterization and Management of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 103:e60-e61. [PMID: 38112611 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karan Arul
- From the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (KA, PS, LV, SA)
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Na XBM, Khoo SMK. Stroke-like manifestation of a spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with spontaneous resolution: a case report. Int J Emerg Med 2023; 16:10. [PMID: 36803212 PMCID: PMC9940068 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-023-00478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case report presents the case of a man with no known coagulopathy or preceding trauma, who spontaneously developed a spinal epidural hematoma (SEH). This is an uncommon condition which can have variable presentations including hemiparesis mimicking stroke, resulting in the potential for misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. CASE PRESENTATION A 28-year-old Chinese male with no past medical history presented with sudden onset neck pain associated with bilateral upper limbs and right lower limb subjective numbness but intact motor function. He was discharged after adequate pain relief but re-attended the emergency department with right hemiparesis. A magnetic resonance imaging of his spine revealed an acute cervical spinal epidural hematoma at C5 and C6. While admitted, he had spontaneous improvement of his neurological function and was eventually managed conservatively. CONCLUSIONS SEH, although uncommon, can be a mimic of stroke and it is important to avoid misdiagnosis as it is a time critical diagnosis, and administration of thrombolysis or antiplatelets can lead to unfavourable outcomes. Having a high clinical suspicion can help to guide us in the choice of imaging and interpretation of subtle signs to reach the correct diagnosis in a timely manner. Further research is required to better understand the factors that would favour a conservative approach as opposed to surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bi, May Na
- Emergency Department, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, National Healthcare Group, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, 768828 Singapore
| | - Swee Min, Kathleen Khoo
- Emergency Department, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, National Healthcare Group, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, 768828 Singapore
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Anghelescu A, Rasina A. Acute spontaneous thoracic epidural hematoma, triggered by weight-lifting training, in a retired sportsman: case report and literature review. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2017; 3:17090. [DOI: 10.1038/s41394-017-0029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Controversies in the differential diagnosis of Brown-Sequard syndrome due to cervical spinal disease from stroke: A case series. Turk J Emerg Med 2017; 17:115-120. [PMID: 28971161 PMCID: PMC5608612 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjem.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is generally considered to be the first preliminary diagnosis in patients presenting with acute hemiparesia in the emergency department. But rarely in unexpected spontaneous neurological pathologies that may lead to hemiparesis. The data from 8 non-traumatic patients who underwent surgical treatment for brown-sequard syndrome (BSS) were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were initially misdiagnosed with strokes. Two of the patients had spinal canal stenosis, two had spinal epidural hematomas, one had an ossified herniated disc and three had soft herniated discs. None of the patients complained of significant pain at the initial presentation. All of the patients had a mild sensory deficit that was initially unrecognized. The pain of the patients began to become evident after hospitalization and, patients transferred to neurosurgery department. Cervical spinal pathologies compressing the corticospinal tract in one-half of the cervical spinal canal may present with only hemiparesis, without neck and radicular pain. If it's too late, permanent neurological damage may become inevitable while it is a correctable pathology.
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Ekşi MŞ, Babayev R. A reply to the letter to the editor by Paul Steinbok with regard to the paper 'Spontaneous thoracic epidural hematoma: a case report and literature review'. Childs Nerv Syst 2016; 32:1021-2. [PMID: 27107886 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-016-3094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Şakir Ekşi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery-Spine Center, University of California at San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Avenue MU320 West, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0728, USA.
| | - Rasim Babayev
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Center of Oncology, Baku, Azerbaijan
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Steinbok P. Letter to the editor re: citations for the literature on spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma by Babayev et al. (2016). Childs Nerv Syst 2016; 32:1019. [PMID: 27112354 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-016-3083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Steinbok
- Division of Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak St., Room K3-159, Vancouver, BC, V6h 3V4, Canada.
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Chang HJ, Su FJ, Huang YC, Chen SH. Spontaneous spinal epidural hemorrhage from intense piano playing. Am J Emerg Med 2014; 32:688.e3-5. [PMID: 24418452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare but real neurosurgical emergency. It is caused by atraumatic rupture of the vertebral epidural vein that results in nerve root or spinal cord compression. Most cases of SSEH have a multifactorial etiology, including congenital and acquired coagulopathies; platelet dysfunction; vascular malformation; tumors; uncontrolled hypertension; pregnancy; and, very rarely, activities requiring Valsalva. Herein we reported the case of a young pianist who was attacked by SSEH during piano practice. Playing the piano is a joyful, relaxing entertainment; however, this musical activity can be a highly demanding physical and mental exercise for pianists. Emotional and expressive performance, especially in professional performing, has been reported to result in significant increase of sympathetic and decrease of parasympathetic activities and thus influence the cardiorespiratory variables. The increased biomechanical stress from fluctuating hemodynamics was thought to trigger the rupture of her spinal arteriovenous malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, 60002, Taiwan
| | - Fang Jy Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, 60002, Taiwan
| | - Ying C Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, 60002, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical Center & School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
| | - Shih-Han Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chiayi Christian Hospital
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Jumani DB, Littlewood R, Iyer A, Fellows G, Healey A, Abernethy L, Spinty S, Sarginson R, Pettorini B. Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma mimicking meningitis in a 2-year-old child--a case report and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 2013; 29:1795-8. [PMID: 23708933 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-013-2130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report the case of a 2-year-old boy with suspected meningitis who presented with acute onset neck pain and stiffness associated with right-sided weakness and ataxia. MANAGEMENT Despite intravenous antibiotics and antiviral treatment, his condition deteriorated. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated spontaneous cervical epidural haematoma (C4-C7) extending down to thoracic (T7) level with associated compression of the spinal cord. He was treated successfully by neurosurgical decompression and made a complete recovery. DISCUSSION Spinal epidural haematoma is a neurosurgical emergency characterised by extravasation of blood in the spinal epidural space. The clinical presentation particularly in young children can masquerade other conditions such as meningitis. In this article, we discuss our case and review the literature on spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with an aim to improve awareness of this condition which if not recognised and treated early can lead to significant lifelong morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Jumani
- Jackson Rees Department of Anaesthesia, Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Eaton Road, West Derby, Liverpool, L12 2AP, UK,
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Seon HJ, Song MK, Han JY, Choi IS, Lee SG. Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma presenting as brown-sequard syndrome following repetitive korean traditional deep bows. Ann Rehabil Med 2013; 37:123-6. [PMID: 23526134 PMCID: PMC3604222 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2013.37.1.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (SCEH) is an uncommon cause of acute nontraumatic myelopathy. SCEH presenting as Brown-Sequard syndrome is extremely rare. A 65-year-old man had motor weakness in the left extremities right after his mother's funeral. He received thrombolytic therapy under the impression of acute cerebral infarction at a local hospital. However, motor weakness of the left extremities became aggravated without mental change. After being transferred to our hospital, he showed motor weakness in the left extremities with diminished pain sensation in the right extremities. Diagnosis of SCEH was made by cervical magnetic resonance imaging. He underwent left C3 to C5 hemilaminectomy with hematoma removal. It is important for physicians to be aware that SCEH can be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of hemiplegia, since early diagnosis and management can influence the neurological outcome. We think that increased venous pressure owing to repetitive Korean traditional deep bows may be the cause of SCEH in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Seon
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Liou KC, Chen LA, Lin YJ. Cervical spinal epidural hematoma mimics acute ischemic stroke. Am J Emerg Med 2012; 30:1322.e1-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Lehman AAR, McKenna ME, Wisneski R, Hess WF. Delayed presentation of a traumatic spinal epidural hematoma in a preadolescent: a case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011; 93:e28. [PMID: 21471408 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.j.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Fleager K, Lee A, Cheng I, Hou L, Ryu S, Boakye M. Massive spontaneous epidural hematoma in a high-level swimmer: a case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010; 92:2843-6. [PMID: 21123615 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.i.01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma presenting with quadriplegia after sit-ups exercise. Am J Emerg Med 2009; 27:1170.e3-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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