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Schulz P, Beblo T, Spannhorst S, Labudda K, Wagner T, Bertke V, Boedeker S, Driessen M, Kreisel SH, Toepper M. Avoidance Behavior Is an Independent Indicator of Poorer On-road Driving Skills in Older Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 75:2152-2161. [PMID: 31091321 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current work was to investigate the relationship between avoidance of specific driving situations and on-road driving skills in older drivers considering factors found to be related to both avoidance behavior and driving skills. METHOD Seventy-two older drivers (M = 76 years) from the general population were included in this study. Self-reported avoidance behavior, driving practice, perceived driving difficulties, driving-related cognitive functions, as well as medical conditions were assessed within two sessions. Standardized on-road assessments served for assessing on-road driving skills in a third session. RESULTS Self-reported avoidance behavior was associated with reduced driving skills (r = -.41), and this relationship remained significant beyond the influence of cognitive skills, self-reported health, driving practice, and perceived driving difficulties. Specifically, avoidance of driving in bad weather, poor visibility and complicated parking was found to be associated with reduced driving skills. DISCUSSION This study suggest that avoidance behavior is an independent indicator of impaired driving skills in older drivers. Our results argue against the assumption that avoidance behavior may be a reasonable strategy for safe traffic participation. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to get more evidence on safety aspects of avoidance behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schulz
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Beblo
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stefan Spannhorst
- Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Wagner
- Head of Business Unit Assessment Centers for Driving Fitness, DEKRA Automobil GmbH, Dresden, Germany
| | - Volkmar Bertke
- Assessment Center for Driving Fitness, DEKRA Automobil GmbH, Detmold, Germany
| | - Sebastian Boedeker
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany.,Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Driessen
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stefan H Kreisel
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany.,Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Max Toepper
- Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany.,Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel (EvKB), Bielefeld, Germany
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Chen YT, Mazer B, Myers A, Vrkljan B, Koppel S, Charlton JL, Marshall SC, Gélinas I. Changes in older drivers' self-awareness of driving ability over one year. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2020; 144:105552. [PMID: 32526499 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Older drivers' self-awareness of driving ability can prompt self-regulatory behaviors and modifications of their everyday driving performance. To date, studies have yet to examine how older drivers' self-awareness of changes in driving ability over time or identify the characteristics of those who can accurately monitor such changes. 64 older drivers (Age: Mean = 80.0 years, SD = 5.4; male: 70 %) were recruited and categorized into four groups based on the correspondence of changes in their perceived and actual driving ability over one year: 40 % of the participants were accurate in their stable or better driving ability over time, 30 % did not detect their driving performance had worsened and over-estimated their driving ability, and the remainder either accurately detected their performance had worsened or under-estimated their driving performance. No demographic or clinical factors were associated with older drivers' self-awareness of changes in driving ability over time, except the mental processing and executive functioning measured using the Trail Making Tests Part B, showed a marginal effect. Implications for clinical importance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chen
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y5, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), 3205 Place Alton-Goldbloom, Laval, QC, H7V 1R2, Canada
| | - Barbara Mazer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y5, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), 3205 Place Alton-Goldbloom, Laval, QC, H7V 1R2, Canada
| | - Anita Myers
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Brenda Vrkljan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Room 403, 1400 Main St. W. Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Sjaan Koppel
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, 21 Alliance Ln, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Judith L Charlton
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, 21 Alliance Ln, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shawn C Marshall
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gélinas
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y5, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), 3205 Place Alton-Goldbloom, Laval, QC, H7V 1R2, Canada.
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Personal and Clinical Factors Associated with Older Drivers' Self-Awareness of Driving Performance. Can J Aging 2020; 40:82-96. [PMID: 32089137 DOI: 10.1017/s071498082000001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Most older adults perceive themselves as good drivers; however, their perception may not be accurate, and could negatively affect their driving safety. This study examined the accuracy of older drivers' self-awareness of driving ability in their everyday driving environment by determining the concordance between the perceived (assessed by the Perceived Driving Ability [PDA] questionnaire) and actual (assessed by electronic Driving Observation Schedule [eDOS]) driving performance. One hundred and eight older drivers (male: 67.6%; age: mean = 80.6 years, standard deviation [SD] = 4.9 years) who participated in the study were classified into three groups: underestimation (19%), accurate estimation (29%), and overestimation (53%). Using the demographic and clinical functioning information collected in the Candrive annual assessments, an ordinal regression showed that two factors were related to the accuracy of self-awareness: older drivers with better visuo-motor processing speed measured by the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A and fewer self-reported comorbid conditions tended to overestimate their driving ability, and vice versa.
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Brown T, Peres L. A critical review of the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test—fourth edition (MVPT-4). JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY SCHOOLS AND EARLY INTERVENTION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19411243.2018.1432441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ted Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University – Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa Peres
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University – Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
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