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Cheng C, Ebrahimi OV. A meta-analytic review of gamified interventions in mental health enhancement. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Heshmati R, Jafari E, Salimi Kandeh T, Caltabiano ML. Associations of Spiritual Well-Being and Hope with Health Anxiety Severity in Patients with Advanced Coronary Artery Disease. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57101066. [PMID: 34684103 PMCID: PMC8539553 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Health anxiety is one of the most common problems in patients with coronary artery disease. The present study tested whether health anxiety severity could be predicted by spiritual well-being and hope in patients with advanced coronary artery disease. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 100 patients with advanced coronary artery disease were recruited from hospitals and healthcare centers in Iran. Patients completed self-report scales, including the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Adult Hope Scale, and Short Health Anxiety Inventory. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to empirically explore the relations among variables. Results: Results indicated that patients who reported higher levels of hope (β = 0.42, p < 0.01) and spiritual well-being (β = 0.20, p < 0.05) reported lower levels of health anxiety. Agency (β = 0.58, p < 0.01) scores were a significant negative predictor of health anxiety severity. Additionally, religious spirituality scores (β = 0.28, p < 0.01) were shown to significantly negatively predict health anxiety level. However, the pathways components of hope and existential spirituality were not significant predictors. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that spiritual well-being and hope could be important factors in determining health anxiety for adults with coronary artery disease, and their role is worthy of further exploration to help improve health anxiety for patients with coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Heshmati
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166, Iran
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (E.J.)
| | - Eisa Jafari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran 4697, Iran;
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (E.J.)
| | - Tahereh Salimi Kandeh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran 4697, Iran;
| | - Marie L. Caltabiano
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, Division of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, Australia;
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Sadeghimoghaddam S, Alavi M, Mehrabi T, Bankpoor-Fard A. The Effect of Two Methods of Relaxation and Prayer Therapy on Anxiety and Hope in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Quasi-Experimental Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2019; 24:102-107. [PMID: 30820220 PMCID: PMC6390433 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_60_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Mental health problems such as anxiety and disappointment are common in patients with heart disease, resulting in poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two methods of relaxation and prayer therapy on anxiety and hope in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted in three groups of 25 subjects (i.e., two groups of relaxation and prayer therapy and one control group) and two stages (i.e., pretest and posttest) in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data collection instrument consisted of three parts: (a) demographic and individual characteristics of the subjects, (b) Beck Anxiety Inventory, and (c) Snyder's Hope Scale. The interventions consisted of Benson's relaxation and prayer therapy. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of anxiety after intervention in the three groups which was related to each of the relaxation and prayer therapy group with the control group. Also, the result of analysis of covariance with controlling the effect of pretest revealed significant between-subject effects of interventions on posttest scores of hope (F(2, 71) = 8.55, p = 0.012, ηp 2 = 0.12) and anxiety (F(2, 71) = 4.71, p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.19). Conclusions Both relaxation and prayer therapy interventions are effective in promoting hope and reducing anxiety in patients with CAD and provide optimal, short-term, and easy-to-follow options for the health team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Sadeghimoghaddam
- Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mousa Alavi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Mehrabi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Walther A, Waldvogel P, Noser E, Ruppen J, Ehlert U. Emotions and Steroid Secretion in Aging Men: A Multi-Study Report. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1722. [PMID: 29033885 PMCID: PMC5627388 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aging increases the risk of cognitive and socioemotional deterioration, it has also been shown to be accompanied by an increase in experienced positive emotions and a decrease in negative emotions. Steroid hormones and age-related alterations in secretion patterns have been suggested to play a crucial role in these age-related changes in emotional experience. Importantly, previous studies identified effects of neuroactive hormones on age-related alterations in emotional experience, which vary by sex and depression levels. Therefore, in three independent cross-sectional studies including a total of 776 men, we examined age-related differences in emotional experience and subsequently the moderation effect of steroid hormones. Sample one consisted of 271 self-reporting healthy (SRH) men aged between 40 and 75 years, while sample two comprised 121 men in the identical age range but only including vitally exhausted (VE) men. Sample three included 384 men aged between 25 and 78 years who reported having fathered (FA) at least one child. For the SRH men, age was negatively associated with anxiety symptoms and aggression, while negative trends emerged for depressive symptoms. In VE men, age was negatively associated with depressive symptoms and positively associated with aggression and positive emotions. For FA men, anxiety symptoms and aggression were negatively associated with age. Age trends of steroid hormones and identified moderation effects are reported. However, with adjustment for multiple comparisons, most of the significant associations fade and the reported associations need to be regarded as exploratory starting points for the further investigation of age-related alterations in emotional experience and their relation to steroid secretion. Overall, the results indicate that salivary cortisol might be a moderator of the association between age and symptoms of anxiety for SRH and VE men, while salivary testosterone seems to moderate the association between age and symptoms of anxiety or depression in VE and FA men, respectively. Both hair cortisol and progesterone seem to influence age-related alterations in anger experience. Age-related alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis emerge as promising avenues to further investigate the decrease in experienced negative emotions in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Walther
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Patricia Waldvogel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Central European Network on Fatherhood (CENOF), Headquarters at the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilou Noser
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Ruppen
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Central European Network on Fatherhood (CENOF), Headquarters at the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Joergensen TSH, Maartensson S, Ibfelt EH, Joergensen MB, Wium-Andersen IK, Wium-Andersen MK, Prescott E, Andersen PK, Osler M. Depression following acute coronary syndrome: a Danish nationwide study of potential risk factors. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2016; 51:1509-1523. [PMID: 27541141 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-016-1275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression is common following acute coronary syndrome, and thus, it is important to provide knowledge to improve prevention and detection of depression in this patient group. The objectives of this study were to examine: (1) whether indicators of stressors and coping resources were risk factors for developing depression early and later after an acute coronary syndrome and (2) whether prior depression modified these associations. METHODS The study was a register-based cohort study, which includes 87,118 patients with a first time diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome during the period 2001-2009 in Denmark. Cox regression models were used to analyse hazard ratios (HRs) for depression. RESULTS 1.5 and 9.5 % develop early (≤30 days) and later (31 days-2 years) depression after the acute coronary syndrome. Among all patients with depression, 69.2 % had first onset depression, while 30.8 % developed a recurrent depression. Most patient characteristics (demographic factors, socioeconomic status, psychosocial factors, health-related behavioural factors, somatic comorbidities, and severity of acute coronary syndrome) were significantly associated with increased HRs for both early and later depressions. Prior depression modified most of these associations in such a way that the association was attenuated in patients with a prior depression. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that first time and recurrent depression following acute coronary syndrome have different risk profiles. This is important knowledge that may be used to focus future interventions for prevention and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terese Sara Hoej Joergensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark. .,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Solvej Maartensson
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.,Competence Centre for Dual Diagnosis, Psychiatric Centre Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Else Helene Ibfelt
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
| | | | - Ida Kim Wium-Andersen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.,Psychiatric Center Ballerup, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Marie Kim Wium-Andersen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Psychiatry, Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Eva Prescott
- Department of Cardiology Y, Bispebjerg Hospital, Bispebjerg bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Kragh Andersen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Osler
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Hospital, Nordre ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
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Ahmadi K, Reidpath DD, Allotey P, Hassali MAA. A latent trait approach to measuring HIV/AIDS related stigma in healthcare professionals: application of mokken scaling technique. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:155. [PMID: 27240562 PMCID: PMC4885119 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0676-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The attitudes of healthcare professionals towards HIV positive patients and high risk groups are central to the quality of care and therefore to the management of HIV/AIDS related stigma in health settings. Extant HIV/AIDS stigma scales that measure stigmatising attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS have been developed using scaling techniques such as principal component analysis. This approach has resulted in instruments that are often long. Mokken scale analysis is a nonparametric hierarchical scaling technique that can be used to develop unidimensional cumulative scales. This technique is advantageous over the other approaches; as the scales are usually shorter, while retaining acceptable psychometric properties. Moreover, Mokken scales also make no distributional assumptions about the underlying data, other than that the data are capable of being ordered by item and by person. In this study we aimed at developing a precise and concise measure of HIV/AIDS related stigma among health care professionals, using Mokken scale analysis. METHODS We carried out a cross sectional survey of healthcare students at the Monash University campuses in Malaysia and Australia. The survey consisted of demographic questions and an initial item pool of twenty five potential questions for inclusion in an HIV stigma scale. RESULTS We analysed the data using the mokken package in the R statistical environment providing a 9-item scale with high reliability, validity and acceptable psychometric properties, measuring and ranking the HIV/AIDS related stigmatising attitudes. CONCLUSION Mokken scaling procedure not only produced a comprehensive hierarchical scale that could accurately order a person along HIV/AIDS stigmatising attitude, but also demonstrated a unidimensional and reliable measurement tool which could be used in future studies. The principal component analysis confirmed the accuracy of the Mokken scale analysis in correctly detecting the unidimensionality of this scale. We recommend future works to study the generalisability of this scale in a new population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Ahmadi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7DL, United Kingdom.
| | - Daniel D Reidpath
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 46150, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Pascale Allotey
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 46150, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Azmi Ahmad Hassali
- Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
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Hosseini M, Davidson PM, Khoshknab MF, Nasrabadi AN. Experience of Spiritual Care in Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. JOURNAL OF PASTORAL CARE & COUNSELING 2015; 69:68-76. [PMID: 26227935 DOI: 10.1177/1542305015586347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the experience of spiritual care among a cardiac rehabilitation team. Spiritual care is an important dimension of providing comprehensive care, and understanding the views of health professionals is pivotal to making recommendations for caring. This study used an interpretive phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 13 cardiac rehabilitation professionals. Seven persons participated in individual interviews and six in focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using Smith and Osborn’s interpretative phenomenological analysis method. Study data were categorized into more than 150 initial themes, 12 clustered and four superordinate themes, included: ‘Helping patients to obtain a meaningful sense of being’, ‘Providing religious/spiritual focused care’, ‘holistic approach to rehabilitation is needed’ and ‘spirituality as a neglected aspect of rehabilitation’. Participants described that they did not have sufficient training in providing spiritual care. Nurses’ awareness of spiritual care meaning among a cardiac rehabilitation team is helping to respond to rehabilitation care in a holistic approach. Helping patients to get a meaningful sense of being is an important part of assisting in recovery and adjustment following an acute cardiac event. Providing clear guidelines and support for providing spiritual care in cardiac rehabilitation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Hosseini
- University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Patricia M. Davidson
- Professor of Nursing School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United State of America
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Differential predictive value of depressive versus anxiety symptoms in the prediction of 8-year mortality after acute coronary syndrome. Psychosom Med 2012; 74:711-6. [PMID: 22923700 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0b013e318268978e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both depression and anxiety have been associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, certain symptoms and how they are measured may be more important than others. We investigated three different scales to determine their predictive validity. METHODS Patients with ACS (N = 598) completed either the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS-A, HADS-D; n = 316) or the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (n = 282). Their all-cause mortality status was assessed at 8 years. RESULTS During follow-up, 20% (121/598) of participants died. Cox proportional hazards modeling showed that the HADS-D was predictive of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.19), and this association remained significant after adjustment for major clinical/demographic factors, whereas the HADS-A (HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.85-1.09) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.91-1.08) were not. The following depression items from the HADS-D predicted mortality: "I still enjoy the things I used to enjoy" (HR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.05-1.82), "I can laugh and see the funny side of things" (HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.11-1.96), "I feel as if I am slowed down" (HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.24-2.22), and "I look forward with enjoyment to things" (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.08-1.72). CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms related to lack of enjoyment or pleasure and physical or cognitive slowing, as measured by the HADS-D, predicted all-cause mortality at 8 years ACS patients, whereas other depressive and anxiety symptoms did not. Whether symptoms of distress predict prognosis in ACS seems to be dependent on the measures and items used.
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Doyle F, Watson R, Morgan K, McBride O. A hierarchy of distress and invariant item ordering in the General Health Questionnaire-12. J Affect Disord 2012; 139:85-8. [PMID: 22421030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invariant item ordering (IIO) is defined as the extent to which items have the same ordering (in terms of item difficulty/severity - i.e. demonstrating whether items are difficult [rare] or less difficult [common]) for each respondent who completes a scale. IIO is therefore crucial for establishing a scale hierarchy that is replicable across samples, but no research has demonstrated IIO in scales of psychological distress. We aimed to determine if a hierarchy of distress with IIO exists in a large general population sample who completed a scale measuring distress. METHODS Data from 4107 participants who completed the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) from the Northern Ireland Health and Social Wellbeing Survey 2005-6 were analysed. Mokken scaling was used to determine the dimensionality and hierarchy of the GHQ-12, and items were investigated for IIO. RESULTS All items of the GHQ-12 formed a single, strong unidimensional scale (H=0.58). IIO was found for six of the 12 items (H-trans=0.55), and these symptoms reflected the following hierarchy: anhedonia, concentration, participation, coping, decision-making and worthlessness. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional analysis needs replication. CONCLUSIONS The GHQ-12 showed a hierarchy of distress, but IIO is only demonstrated for six of the items, and the scale could therefore be shortened. Adopting brief, hierarchical scales with IIO may be beneficial in both clinical and research contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Doyle
- Division of Population Health Sciences (Psychology), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Cosco TD, Doyle F, Watson R, Ward M, McGee H. Mokken scaling analysis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in individuals with cardiovascular disease. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2012; 34:167-72. [PMID: 22177027 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a prolifically used scale of anxiety and depression. The original bidimensional anxiety-depression latent structure of the HADS has come under significant scrutiny, with previous studies revealing one-, two-, three- and four-dimensional structures. The current study examines the latent structure of the HADS using a non-parametric item response theory method. METHOD Using data conglomerated from four independent studies of cardiovascular disease employing the HADS (n=893), Mokken scaling procedure was conducted to assess the latent structure of the HADS. RESULTS A single scale consisting of 12 of 14 HADS items was revealed, indicating a unidimensional latent HADS structure. DISCUSSION The HADS was initially intended to measure mutually exclusive levels of anxiety and depression; however, the current study indicates that a single dimension of general psychological distress is captured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore D Cosco
- Division of Population Health Sciences (Psychology), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, UK.
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