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Human papillomavirus infection by anatomical site among Greek men and women: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 25:558-71. [PMID: 26628088 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We systematically reviewed the literature on anal, penile, cervical, and oropharyngeal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Greece to provide a comprehensive overview of HPV prevalence and to explore the reporting of HPV in Greek men and women. A total of five databases, including PubMed and Scopus, were searched up until 1 January 2015 for studies looking at HPV prevalence, incidence, or risk factors by anatomical site. We identified 50 eligible studies for inclusion. The majority of them were cervical studies (n=26) followed by head and neck studies (n=13) with only two studies exclusively focusing on anal sites and two on penile sites. The remaining studies examined prevalence from multiple sites. Most studies looked at small, high-risk populations, and HPV prevalence ranged from 2.5-43.4% for cervical studies; 0-91% for head and neck studies; 54.6-78.4% for anal studies; and 20.3-66.7% for penile studies. Age, smoking, and number of sexual partners were the commonly assessed risk factors. There were significant sex and anatomic site disparities in the reporting of HPV prevalence. Given the relationship between HPV infection and the increasing incidence of anal cancer in men, more research is needed to reveal the prevalence of HPV at these sites in Greek men, especially given the reports of the declining health of the Greek population.
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Zhou XH, Shi YF, Wang LJ, Liu M, Li F. Distribution Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Study Based on Data from Physical Examination. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1875-1879. [PMID: 28749128 PMCID: PMC5648393 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.7.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was
to investigate the prevalence and type distribution of HPV DNA positive in women undergoing routine physical
examination. Methods: 2,452 women were enrolled between March and November 2013. Participants were tested
for 23 HPV types using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse dot blot hybridization. HPV DNA detection
prevalence was estimated in different age groups. Results: Mean age (SD) of study participants was 47.7 (9.8) years.
Overall HPV-positive prevalence was 18.9% (463/2452), and 22 out of 23 known subtypes were detected. Single HPV
subtype prevalence of infection was 14.4%, and multiple prevalence of infection was 4.5%. The prevalence of HPV
DNA in different age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70) were 9.3%, 15.6%, 17.1%, 22.1%, 23.0% and
20.0%, respectively. HPV 52 was the most prevalent HPV type, followed by HPV 58, 53, 16 and 68, in descending order
of prevalence. The top five low-risk types of HPV were (in descending order): HPV81, 43, 6, 42 and 11. Conclusions:
Overall HPV DNA detection prevalence increased significantly with increasing age. Concerning high-risk HPV types,
HPV 52, 58, 53, 16 and 51 were the most common in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hui Zhou
- Hua-Dong Sanatorium, Wuxi 214065, Province JiangSu, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. ,
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Klapsinou E, Argyri E, Panotopoulou E, Daskalopoulou D, Patsouris E, Nonni A, Lazaris AC, Thomopoulou GH. Bax and Bak expression in cervical smears of women with low-and high-risk HPV types: A study of 120 cases. J Cytol 2016; 32:223-9. [PMID: 26811568 PMCID: PMC4707782 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.171222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be involved in the carcinogenesis of squamous cells in uterine cervix cancer, mostly by binding and inactivating the p53 and pRb tumor suppressor genes. Lately, evidence has emerged suggesting that HPV oncoproteins may interact with proteins involved in cellular apoptosis as well. AIM This study aimed to investigate the expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bak in women with low-risk and high-risk HPV types as opposed to HPV-negative women, and in women with normal pap smear compared to women with abnormal Papanicolau test (Pap) smear. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 liquid-based cervical samples were subtyped for HPV types with microarray hybridization and then stained and evaluated immunocytochemically for Bax and Bak expression. Statistical analysis was performed on the Bax and Bak scores (percentage of positive cells × staining intensity), the overall percentage of positive cells, and the most prevalent staining intensity group found in each sample. RESULTS A weak association between negative Bax staining and cytologically normal Pap smears was discovered, whereas cytologically abnormal samples tended to stain weakly or moderately positive. No other statistically significant difference was found in the other analyzed parameters. CONCLUSION Cytologically normal pap smears seem to have a slight tendency to stain negative for Bax as opposed to cytologically abnormal pap smears. Although the association is weak, it is an indication that there might be a connection between the expression of Bax and the development of cervical intraepithelial dysplasia, which warrants further investigation in larger-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Klapsinou
- Department of Cytology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center of Athens "Hygeia", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Argyri
- Department of Virology, G Papanicolaou Research Center of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathia Panotopoulou
- Department of Virology, G Papanicolaou Research Center of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Daskalopoulou
- Department of Cytology, Regional Anticancer Oncology Hospital of Athens "St. Savvas", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas C Lazaris
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Agorastos T, Chatzistamatiou Κ, Zafrakas Μ, Siamanta V, Katsamagkas T, Constantinidis T, Lampropoulos Α. Distinct demographic factors influence the acceptance of vaccination against HPV. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292:197-205. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sengul D, Altinay S, Oksuz H, Demirturk H, Korkmazer E. Population-Based Cervical Screening Outcomes in Turkey over a Period of Approximately Nine and a Half Years with Emphasis on Results for Women Aged 30-34. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2069-74. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.5.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
As knowledge of regional human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution is essential for the optimization of prevention strategies, this study was carried out to explore the prevalence and type distribution of high-risk HPV in a screening population across Greece. Cervical samples were collected by local physicians and nurses in hospitals and health centers across the country from 4139 women attending for cervical cancer screening. High-risk HPV-DNA was detected by using Hybrid Capture-2 (HC2) and positive samples with adequate cellular content were further typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction. Almost six percent (5.9%) of women tested positive in HC2. The most common type was HPV16 (1.4% in the whole sample and 32.4% of the typed samples), followed by HPV53 (0.6 and 14.0%, respectively), HPV31 (0.6 and 12.9%, respectively), HPV35 (0.5 and 12.3%, respectively), HPV51 (0.4 and 7.8%, respectively), HPV18 (0.3 and 7.3%, respectively) and 22 more types. Almost 15% of the typed samples showed a coinfection with two HPV types and 2.1% with three types. There was a bimodal distribution by age, with the highest peak in women 20-29 years old and a lower peak in women 50-59 years old. Apart from the types originally included in HC2 cocktail, PCR analysis identified 15 more types (HPV6, HPV11, HPV34, HPV37, HPV38, HPV42, HPV53, HPV54, HPV55, HPV61, HPV62, HPV66, HPV73, HPV82, HPV83). Eleven percent of HC2-positive results arose from single-type infections with HPV53 (10%) and HPV66 (1%), which are potentially high-risk types. In conclusion, HPV16 is the most common type in the largest Greek screening sample used to date and, together with its related types, accounts for more than half of high-risk HPV infections. Approximately 10% of positive HC2 results arise from HPV53, which is not normally detected by the test, but may be clinically significant.
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Ntova CK, Kottaridi C, Chranioti A, Spathis A, Kassanos D, Paraskevaidis E, Karakitsos P. Genetic variability and phylogeny of high risk HPV type 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 L1 gene in Greek women. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 13:1-17. [PMID: 22312235 PMCID: PMC3269669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explores nucleotide variability, phylogeny and association with cervical neoplasia in high risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 collected from Greek women. Of the 1894 women undergoing routine cervical cytology examination, 160 samples test positive for single infections of HPV type 16 (n = 104), HPV 31 (n = 40), HPV 33 (n = 7), HPV 18 (n = 5), and HPV 45 (n = 4) were typed by microarrays method, amplified by PCR then sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. For HPV 16, 9 variants with nucleotide variations were included into the study. For HPV 31, 33, 18 and 45, nucleotide variations were identified in 6, 4, 2 and 3 variants, respectively. The Bayesian inference and Maximum Parsimony methods were used in order to construct the phylogenetic trees. When types were analyzed independently HPV 16 (European and non-European) and HPV 18 (African and non-African) formed distinct clades. The genomic characterization of HPV variants will be important for illuminating the geographical relatedness and biological differences and for the determination of their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chara Kleio Ntova
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Christine Kottaridi
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Aikaterini Chranioti
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Aris Spathis
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Kassanos
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Evangelos Paraskevaidis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Petros Karakitsos
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +30-210-5831952; Fax: +30-210-5831942
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Performance evaluation of manual and automated (MagNA pure) nucleic acid isolation in HPV detection and genotyping using Roche Linear Array HPV Test. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2011; 2011:931281. [PMID: 21785558 PMCID: PMC3139135 DOI: 10.1155/2011/931281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids of human papillomavirus (HPV) isolated by manual extraction method (AmpliLute) and automated MagNA pure system were compared and evaluated with cytohistological findings in 253 women. The concordance level between AmpliLute and MagNA was very good 93.3% (κ = 0.864, P < .0001). Overall HPVpositivity detected by AmpliLute was 57.3% (30.4% as single and 27% as multiple infections) in contrast to MagNA 54.5% (32% and 23%, resp.). Discrepant results observed in 25 cases: 11 MagNA(−)/AmpliLute(+), 10 of which had positive histology; 5 MagNA(+)/AmpliLute(−) with negative histology; 8 MagNA(+)/AmpliLute(+): in 7 of which AmpliLute detected extra HPV genotypes and 1 MagNA(invalid)/AmpliLute(+) with positive histology. Both methods performed well when compared against cytological (area under curve (AUC) of AmpliLute 0.712 versus 0.672 of MagNA) and histological diagnoses (AUC of AmpliLute 0.935 versus 0.877 of MagNA), with AmpliLute showing a slightly predominance over MagNA. However, higher sensitivities, specificities, and positive/negative predictive values were obtained by AmpliLute.
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Kroupis C, Vourlidis N. Human papilloma virus (HPV) molecular diagnostics. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1783-99. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Modinou O, Liaropoulos L, Kaitelidou D, Kioulafas K, Theodoraki EM. Management of Precancerous Lesions of the Uterine Cervix according to Demographic Data. ISRN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2010; 2011:301680. [PMID: 21637358 PMCID: PMC3102582 DOI: 10.5402/2011/301680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aims. Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fifth most deadly cancer in women, but screening prevents cancer by detecting precancerous lesions. The purpose of this study is to present the treatment profile for precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix, according to demographic data.
Methods. An annual retrospective study was conducted in two public primary health care centres in Greece. The total number of Pap smears and colposcopies performed as well as the management of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was collected and analysed.
Results. Demographic characteristics and correlations with levels of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and treatment path are presented. For each case, we noted the patients' age, the marital and educational status, and the professional and insurance type. From a total of 238 diagnostic procedures, 118 (49.5%) showed precancerous lesions, 83.3% of these were high grade while 16.7% were low grade.
Conclusions. This study provides an estimate of the extensiveness of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix. Management of CIN should be accounted for when balancing the benefits and unfavourable effects of this screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Modinou
- Department of Nursing, Centre for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dilou 1A, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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Stamataki P, Papazafiropoulou A, Elefsiniotis I, Giannakopoulou M, Brokalaki H, Apostolopoulou E, Sarafis P, Saroglou G. Prevalence of HPV infection among Greek women attending a gynecological outpatient clinic. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10:27. [PMID: 20156352 PMCID: PMC2829020 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a causative factor for cervical cancer. Early detection of high risk HPV types might help to identify women at high risk of cervical cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the HPV prevalence and distribution in cervical smears in a sample of Greek women attending a gynecological outpatient clinic and to explore the determinants of the infection. Methods A total of 225 women were studied. All women underwent a regular gynecological control. 35 HPV types were studied; 6, 11, 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 66, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 and 89. Also, basic demographic information, sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behavior were recorded. Results HPV was detected in 22.7% of the study population. The percentage of the newly diagnosed women with HPV infection was 17.3%. HPV-16 was the most common type detected (5.3%) followed by HPV-53 (4.9%). 66.2% of the study participants had a Pap test during the last year without any abnormalities. HPV infection was related positively with alcohol consumption (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.04-4.63, P = 0.04) and number of sexual partners (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.44-3.25, P < 0.001), and negatively with age (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99, P = 0.03), and monthly income (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89, P = 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of HPV in women attending an outpatient clinic is high. Number of sexual partners and alcohol consumption were the most significant risk factors for HPV infection, followed by young age and lower income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petroula Stamataki
- Surgical Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, 70 Dinokratous, 115 21 Athens, Greece
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Papachristou E, Sypsa V, Paraskevis D, Gkekas A, Politi E, Nicolaidou E, Anifantis I, Psichogiou M, Tsitsika A, Hadjivassiliou M, Petrikkos G, Katsambas A, Creatsas G, Hatzakis A. Prevalence of different HPV types and estimation of prognostic risk factors based on the linear array HPV genotyping test. J Med Virol 2009; 81:2059-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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