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Li M, Wang Z, Liu Z, Deng X, Wang L, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Zhang L, Liu Y, Wang B. Understanding Mumps Dynamics: Epidemiological Traits and Breakthrough Infections in the Population under 15 Years of Age in Jiangsu Province, China, 2023. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:986. [PMID: 39340017 PMCID: PMC11435526 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12090986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite coverage of two doses of mumps-containing vaccines, mumps epidemics persist among children and young adults in China. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Jiangsu Province, with a particular focus on breakthrough cases among high-incidence groups. Mumps cases reported in 2023 were systematically collected from the Infectious Disease Surveillance and Reporting System. A comprehensive descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed to elucidate the characteristics of the reported cases. A joinpoint regression (JPR) model was utilized to identify the temporal trends across various periods. Subsequently, immunization information for cases under 15 years of age was obtained through the Jiangsu Province Vaccination Integrated Service Management Information System to identify breakthrough cases and conduct exploratory analyses. A total of 4142 mumps cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2023, yielding an annual incidence rate of 4.86/100,000. A total of 81.75% of the cases were students and childcare children, and the gender ratio was 1.5:1 (male/female). The JPR model analysis of weekly reported cases identified five distinct trend segments (1st: 1-8, weekly percent change (WPC) = 26.67 *; 2nd: 9-28, WPC = 3.11 *; 3rd: 29-34, WPC = -5.31; 4th: 35-37, WPC = 15.48; 5th: 38-52, WPC = -4.06 *), and the gender subgroups demonstrated similar trends to the overall pattern. Notably, 89.14% (3692/4142) of the total cases were among individuals under 15 years, with 96.02% (3545/3692) having been vaccinated against mumps. The number of single-dose breakthrough cases (SdBCs) was approximately fourfold (2847/698) that of two-dose breakthrough cases (TdBCs). The main population composition of TdBCs was children aged 0-5 years old, and the classification was dominated by childcare children and scattered children. The median time interval between initial immunization and onset were shorter in TdBCs than in the SdBCs group, and the median time interval between the last immunization and onset was interestingly similarly shorter. However, these situations were interestingly reversed in 105 laboratory-confirmed breakthrough cases. Therefore, the current vaccination strategies have demonstrated tangible effectiveness in preventing and controlling mumps. However, the high incidence of breakthrough cases among high-risk pediatric populations indicates that mumps immunization strategies still deserve more attention and research for better herd protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingma Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Health Education, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiuying Deng
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanbao Liu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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van Boven M, Backer JA, Veldhuijzen I, Gomme J, van Binnendijk R, Kaaijk P. Estimation of the infection attack rate of mumps in an outbreak among college students using paired serology. Epidemics 2024; 46:100751. [PMID: 38442537 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2024.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mumps virus is a highly transmissible pathogen that is effectively controlled in countries with high vaccination coverage. Nevertheless, outbreaks have occurred worldwide over the past decades in vaccinated populations. Here we analyse an outbreak of mumps virus genotype G among college students in the Netherlands over the period 2009-2012 using paired serological data. To identify infections in the presence of preexisting antibodies we compared mumps specific serum IgG concentrations in two consecutive samples (n=746), whereby the first sample was taken when students started their study prior to the outbreaks, and the second sample was taken 2-5 years later. We fit a binary mixture model to the data. The two mixing distributions represent uninfected and infected classes. Throughout we assume that the infection probability increases with the ratio of antibody concentrations of the second to first sample. The estimated infection attack rate in this study is higher than reported earlier (0.095 versus 0.042). The analyses yield probabilistic classifications of participants, which are mostly quite precise owing to the high intraclass correlation of samples in uninfected participants (0.85, 95%CrI: 0.82-0.87). The estimated probability of infection increases with decreasing antibody concentration in the pre-outbreak sample, such that the probability of infection is 0.12 (95%CrI: 0.10-0.13) for the lowest quartile of the pre-outbreak samples and 0.056 (95%CrI: 0.044-0.068) for the highest quartile. We discuss the implications of these insights for the design of booster vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel van Boven
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jantien A Backer
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Veldhuijzen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Justin Gomme
- Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; NHS Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Rob van Binnendijk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Kaaijk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Sun J, Li M, Zhang L, Deng X, Hu Y, Chen Q, Wang Z, Sun X, Liu Y. Mumps-specific antibody persistence in children aged 3-7 years immunized with two doses of mumps-containing vaccines: A prospective cohort study in Jiangsu Province, China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2166758. [PMID: 36653029 PMCID: PMC9980565 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2166758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mumps reemergence has been reported in developed countries with high levels of two-dose mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) coverage. The effectiveness of the two-dose MuCV may be compromised by limitations in the persistence of immunity. This prospective cohort study evaluated the persistence of immunity of a two-dose MuCV in children aged 3-7 years from 2015 to 2020. Persistence of antibody to mumps, determined as the geometric mean antibody concentration (GMC), and seropositivity were analyzed for both repeated measurements from three follow-ups and on each cross-section, respectively. A total of 105 eligible subjects were recruited. Their overall seropositivity rate was relatively high and stable (92.4%-84.8%), while the overall GMC decreased from 547.6 U/ml to 333.3 U/ml. Analysis of waning immunity in 91 participants showed a significant and consistent downward trend for GMC, which differed significantly in boys and girls. The overall seropositivity rate decreased slightly from 2015 (95.6%) to 2016 (92.3%) but both were significantly higher than in 2018 (84.6%). The rates in girls remained stable, while those in boys declined to 75% in 2018. The seropositivity rate of the cross-section level decreased from 95.4% to 86.4% in 4 years. Although two-dose MuCV may result in a high level of immunity, antibody concentrations decay over 2 years after the second dose. Children with waning immunity after receiving two doses, especially boys, require further surveillance at 4 years and later to avoid future mumps epidemics.Clinical trial registration: NCT02901990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingma Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuying Deng
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanbao Liu
- Department of Expanded Programme on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hamad Saied M, van Straalen JW, de Roock S, de Joode-Smink GCJ, Verduyn Lunel FM, Swart JF, Wulffraat NM, Jansen MHA. Long-term immunoprotection after live attenuated measles-mumps-rubella booster vaccination in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Vaccine 2023; 41:5477-5482. [PMID: 37516575 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines, especially live attenuated vaccines, in children with JIA pose a great challenge due to both potential lower immunogenicity and safety as a result of immunosuppressive treatment. For many years, in the Netherlands, JIA patients receive a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) booster vaccine at the age of nine years as part of the national immunization program. OBJECTIVES To study long-term humoral immunoprotection in a large cohort of JIA patients who received the MMR booster vaccine while being treated with immunomodulatory therapies at the Wilhelmina Children's Hospital in Utrecht, the Netherlands. METHODS MMR-specific IgG antibody concentrations in stored serum samples of vaccinated JIA patients were determined with chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA). Samples were analyzed five years after MMR booster vaccination and at last available follow-up visit using both crude and adjusted analyses. Additional clinical data were collected from electronic medical records. RESULTS In total, 236 samples from 182 patients were analyzed, including 67 samples that were available five years post-vaccination, and an additional 169 samples available from last visits with a median duration after vaccination of 6.9 years (IQR: 2.8-8.8). Twenty-eight patients were using biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDS) of whom 96% anti-TNF agents and 4% tocilizumab. Percentages of protective antibody levels against measles after five years were significantly lower for patients who used bDMARD therapy at vaccination compared to patients who did not: 60% versus 86% (P = 0.03). For mumps (80% versus 94%) and rubella (60% versus 83%) this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.11 and P = 0.07, respectively). Antibody levels post-vaccination decreased over time, albeit not significantly different between bDMARD users and non-bDMARD users. CONCLUSION The MMR booster vaccine demonstrated long-term immunogenicity in the majority of children with JIA from a large cohort, although lower percentages of protective measles antibody levels were observed in bDMARD users. Hence, it might be indicated to measure antibody levels at least five years after MMR booster vaccination in the latter group and advice an extra booster accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Hamad Saied
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Joeri W van Straalen
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sytze de Roock
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerrie C J de Joode-Smink
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans M Verduyn Lunel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost F Swart
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nico M Wulffraat
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc H A Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Wen L, Yang D, Li Y, Lu D, Su H, Tang M, Song X. Spatial Effect of Ecological Environmental Factors on Mumps in China during 2014-2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15429. [PMID: 36497504 PMCID: PMC9735526 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: although mumps vaccines have been introduced in most countries around the world in recent years, mumps outbreaks have occurred in countries with high vaccination rates. At present, China remains the focus of the global fight against mumps. This study aims to observe the epidemic characteristics and spatial clustering patterns of mumps and to investigate the potential factors affecting the disease incidence, which could provide novel ideas and avenues for future research as well as the prevention and control of mumps. (2) Methods: we used ArcGIS software to visualize the spatial distribution and variation of mumps. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to detect the spatial dependence and clustering patterns of the incidence. We applied the Spatial Durbin Panel Model (SDPM) to explore the spatial associations of ecological environmental factors with mumps. (3) Results: overall, the incidence rate showed a significant upward trend from 2014 to 2018, with the highest number of cases in the 10-15-year age group and from May to June. Geographically, the high incidence clusters were concentrated in southern regions, including Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangdong, and Guangxi. This study also found that mumps has a positive spatial spillover effect in the study area. The average temperature and GDP of the local and adjacent areas have a significant impact on mumps. The increase in PM2.5 contributes to the rise in the incidence of mumps in this region. (4) Conclusions: these results can offer some novel ideas for policymakers and researchers. Local meteorological conditions and economic levels can extend to surrounding areas to affect the occurrence of mumps, so regional cooperation becomes particularly important. We recommend investment of public health funds in areas with a high incidence of mumps and developing economies to reduce and control the incidence of mumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Danling Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Dongjia Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Haixia Su
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Mengying Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaokun Song
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Fu X, Ge M, Xu W, Yu M, Ju J, Zhong Y, Huang H. Epidemiological features and sociodemographic factors associated with mumps in mainland China from 2004 to 2018. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4850-4859. [PMID: 35739613 PMCID: PMC9546204 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mumps is an acute infectious disease that spreads widely around the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological features and sociodemographic factors associated with mumps in mainland China from 2004 to 2018. METHODS Incidence data for mumps during the period 2004-2018 were collected from the Public Health Sciences Data Center of China. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to explore the trends of mumps. Space-time clustering analysis was conducted to spatial and temporal aggregation areas of mumps. A generalized linear model was used to explore sociodemographic factors associated with the incidence of mumps. RESULTS Average annual incidence of mumps was 21.44/100,000 in mainland China. It was increased dramatically during 2004-2012 (APC = 7.51, 95%CI: 2.28 to 13.00). After 2012, it remained stable, however, significantly increased in intermediately developed regions from 2015 to 2018 (APC = 25.84, 95%CI: 3.59 to 52.86). The first-level spatial and temporal aggregation areas were distributed in Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Shaanxi, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, with gathering times from Jan 1, 2006 to Dec 31, 2012 (RR = 1.87, P < 0.001). The percentage of the population aged 0-14 years, number of health workers per capital, and number of passengers were found to be positively associated with the incidence of mumps. CONCLUSIONS Overall, after 2012, the incidence of mumps in mainland China remained stable. High-risk periods, clusters of regions and sociodemographic factors for mumps were identified, which will help the government develop disease- and location-specific interventive measures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Fu
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Ge
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wucheng Xu
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yu
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangang Ju
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Zhong
- Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaqiong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li M, Liu Y, Yan T, Xue C, Zhu X, Yuan D, Hu R, Liu L, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang B. Epidemiological characteristics of mumps from 2004 to 2020 in Jiangsu, China: a flexible spatial and spatiotemporal analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:1-26. [PMID: 35393005 PMCID: PMC9074115 DOI: 10.1017/s095026882200067x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mumps resurgence has frequently been reported around the world in recent years, especially in many counties mumps vaccines have been widely used. This study aimed to describe the spatial epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Jiangsu, and provide a scientific basis for the implementation and adjustment of strategies to prevent and control mumps. The epidemiological characteristics were described with ratio or proportion. Spatial autocorrelation, Tango's flexible spatial scan statistics, and Kulldorff's elliptic spatiotemporal scan statistics were applied to identify the spatial autocorrelation, detect hot and cold spots of mumps incidence, and aggregation areas. A total of 172 775 cases were reported from 2004 to 2020 in Jiangsu. The general trend of mumps incidence is declining with a bimodal seasonal distribution identified mainly in summer and winter, respectively. Children aged 5–10 years old are the main risk group. A migration trend of hot spots from southeast to northwest over time was found. Similar high-risk aggregations were detected in the northwestern parts through spatial-temporal analysis with the most likely cluster time frame around 2019. Local medical and health administrations should formulate and implement targeted health care policies and allocate health resources more appropriately corresponding to the epidemiological characteristics of mumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingma Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenghao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Defu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanbao Liu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Immunogenicity of Mumps Virus Genotype G Vaccine Candidates in Jeryl Lynn-Immunized Mice. J Virol 2022; 96:e0198321. [PMID: 35389265 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01983-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mumps virus (MuV) causes a highly contagious human disease characterized by the enlargement of the parotid glands. In severe cases, mumps can lead to neurological complications such as aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Vaccination with the attenuated Jeryl Lynn (JL) MuV vaccine has dramatically reduced the incidence of MuV infection. Recently, large outbreaks have occurred in vaccinated populations. The vaccine strain JL was generated from genotype A, while most current circulating strains belong to genotype G. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity and longevity of genotype G-based vaccines. We found that our recombinant genotype G-based vaccines provide robust neutralizing titers toward genotype G for up to 1 year in mice. In addition, we demonstrated that a third dose of a genotype G-based vaccine following two doses of JL immunization significantly increases neutralizing titers toward the genotype G strain. Our data suggest that after two doses of JL vaccination, which most people have received, a third dose of a genotype G-based vaccine can generate immunity against a genotype G strain. IMPORTANCE At present, most individuals have received two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, which contains genotype A mumps vaccine. One hurdle in developing a new mumps vaccine against circulating genotype G virus is whether the new genotype G vaccine can generate immunity in humans that are immunized against genotype A virus. This work demonstrates that a novel genotype G-based vaccine can be effective in animals which received two doses of genotype A-based vaccine, suggesting that the lead genotype G vaccine may induce anti-G immunity in humans who have received two doses of the current vaccine, providing support for testing this vaccine in humans.
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