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Cox DTC, Gaston KJ. Cathemerality: a key temporal niche. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:329-347. [PMID: 37839797 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the marked variation in abiotic and biotic conditions between day and night, many species specialise their physical activity to being diurnal or nocturnal, and it was long thought that these strategies were commonly fairly fixed and invariant. The term 'cathemeral', was coined in 1987, when Tattersall noted activity in a Madagascan primate during the hours of both daylight and darkness. Initially thought to be rare, cathemerality is now known to be a quite widespread form of time partitioning amongst arthropods, fish, birds, and mammals. Herein we provide a synthesis of present understanding of cathemeral behaviour, arguing that it should routinely be included alongside diurnal and nocturnal strategies in schemes that distinguish and categorise species across taxa according to temporal niche. This synthesis is particularly timely because (i) the study of animal activity patterns is being revolutionised by new and improved technologies; (ii) it is becoming apparent that cathemerality covers a diverse range of obligate to facultative forms, each with their own common sets of functional traits, geographic ranges and evolutionary history; (iii) daytime and nighttime activity likely plays an important but currently neglected role in temporal niche partitioning and ecosystem functioning; and (iv) cathemerality may have an important role in the ability of species to adapt to human-mediated pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T C Cox
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Kevin J Gaston
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
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2
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Carmona G, Burgos T, Barrientos R, Martin-Garcia S, Muñoz C, Sánchez-Sánchez M, Hernández-Hernández J, Palacín C, Quiles P, Moraga-Fernández A, Bandeira V, Virgós E, Gortázar C, Fernandez de Mera IG. Lack of SARS-CoV-2 RNA evidence in the lungs from wild European polecats ( Mustela putorius) from Spain. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2023; 69:33. [PMID: 36937052 PMCID: PMC10006546 DOI: 10.1007/s10344-023-01662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in wildlife species is limited. The high prevalences found in mustelid species such as free-ranging American minks (Neovison vison) and domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) justify the study of this virus in the closely related autochthonous free-ranging European polecat (Mustela putorius). We analysed lung samples from 48 roadkilled polecats collected when the human infection reached its highest levels in Spain (2020-2021). We did not detect infections by SARS-CoV-2; however, surveillance in wild carnivores and particularly in mustelids is still warranted, due to their susceptibility to this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Carmona
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Burgos
- Department of Biology and Geology, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Barrientos
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Martin-Garcia
- Department of Biology and Geology, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Muñoz
- Grupo SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Sánchez-Sánchez
- Grupo SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Hernández
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Palacín
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Quiles
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Moraga-Fernández
- Grupo SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Victor Bandeira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Emilio Virgós
- Department of Biology and Geology, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Gortázar
- Grupo SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Isabel G. Fernandez de Mera
- Grupo SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
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Kawamura K, Jimbo M, Adachi K, Shirane Y, Nakanishi M, Umemura Y, Ishinazaka T, Uno H, Sashika M, Tsubota T, Shimozuru M. Diel and monthly activity pattern of brown bears and sika deer in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1146-1156. [PMID: 35811130 PMCID: PMC9412065 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals exhibit several types of diel activity pattern, including nocturnal, diurnal,
crepuscular, and cathemeral. These patterns vary inter- and intra-specifically and are
affected by environmental factors, individual status, and interactions with other
individuals or species. Determining the factors that shape diel activity patterns is
challenging but essential for understanding the behavioral ecology of animal species, and
for wildlife conservation and management. Using camera-trap surveys, we investigated the
species distributions and activity patterns of terrestrial mammals on the Shiretoko
Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan, with particular focus on brown bears and sika deer. From June
to October 2019, a total of 7,530 observations were recorded by 65 camera-traps for eight
species, including two alien species. The diel activity pattern of brown bears was
diurnal/crepuscular, similar to that of bears in North America, but different from
European populations. Bear observations were more frequent during the autumnal hyperphagia
period, and adult females and sub-adults were more diurnal than adult males. In addition,
bears inside the protected area were more diurnal than those outside it. These findings
suggest that appetite motivation, competitive interactions between conspecifics, and human
activities potentially affect bear activity patterns. Similar to other sika deer
populations and other deer species, the diel activity patterns of sika deer were
crepuscular. Deer showed less variation in activity patterns among months and sex-age
classes, while adult males were observed more frequently during the autumn copulation
period, suggesting that reproductive motivation affects their activity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kawamura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Mina Jimbo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Yuri Shirane
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Hokkaido Research Organization
| | | | | | | | - Hiroyuki Uno
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Villafañe-Trujillo ÁJ, Kolowski JM, Cove MV, Medici EP, Harmsen BJ, Foster RJ, Hidalgo-Mihart MG, Espinosa S, Ríos-Alvear G, Reyes-Puig C, Reyes-Puig JP, da Silva XM, Paviolo A, Cruz P, López-González CA. Activity patterns of tayra ( Eira barbara) across their distribution. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Species’ activity patterns are driven by the need to meet basic requirements of food, social interactions, movement, and rest, but often are influenced by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. We used camera-trap data to describe and compare the activity patterns of the relatively poorly studied tayra (Eira barbara) across 10 populations distributed from the south of Mexico to the north of Argentina, and attempted to identify biotic or abiotic factors that may be associated with variation in level of diurnality. In a subset of sites we also aimed to document potential seasonal variation in activity. We used a kernel density estimator based on the time of independent photographic events to calculate the proportion of diurnal, crepuscular, and nocturnal activity of each population. Tayras were mostly active during diurnal periods (79.31%, 759 records), with a lower proportion of crepuscular activity (18.07%, 173 records) yet we documented some variation in patterns across the 10 study areas (activity overlap coefficient varied from Δ 4 = 0.64 to Δ 1 = 0.95). In northern localities, activity peaked twice during the day (bimodal) with most activity ocurring in the morning, whereas closer to the geographical equator, activity was constant (unimodal) throughout the day, peaking at midday: activity either was unimodal or bimodal in southern localities. Despite investigating multiple potential abiotic and biotic predictors, only latitude was associated with variation in the proportion of diurnal activity by tayras across its range, with increased diurnal activity closer to the equator. Seasonal comparisons in activity showed a tendency to reduce diurnality in dry versus rainy seasons, but the pattern was not consistently significant. This is the most comprehensive description of tayra activity patterns to date, and lends novel insight into the potential flexibility of the species to adapt to local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro José Villafañe-Trujillo
- Laboratorio de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. De la Ciencias S/N, Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Santiago de Querétaro, C.P. 76230 Querétaro, México
| | - Joseph M Kolowski
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Michael V Cove
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Emilia Patricia Medici
- Coordinator, Lowland Tapir Conservation Initiative (LTCI) - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Bart J Harmsen
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Belize, Belmopan, Belize
- Belize Jaguar Program, Panthera, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebbeca J Foster
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Belize, Belmopan, Belize
- Belize Jaguar Program, Panthera, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mircea G Hidalgo-Mihart
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km 0.5 Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039 Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Santiago Espinosa
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Chapultepec Nº 1570, C.P. 78295 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre Noº 1076, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Gorky Ríos-Alvear
- Departamento de Ambiente, Fundación Oscar Efrén Reyes, calle 12 de Noviembre N° 270 y calle Luis A. Martínez, Baños, Ecuador
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Biología, Laboratorio de Zoología, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Av. Universitaria, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carolina Reyes-Puig
- Departamento de Ambiente, Fundación Oscar Efrén Reyes, calle 12 de Noviembre N° 270 y calle Luis A. Martínez, Baños, Ecuador
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Zoología Terrestre, Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Pablo Reyes-Puig
- Fundación Ecominga-Red de Protección de Bosques Amenazados, calle 12 de Noviembre 270 y calle Luis A. Martínez, Baños, Ecuador
| | - Xavier Marina da Silva
- Projeto Carnívoros do Iguaçu, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, BR-469, Km 22.5, CEP 85851-970, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Agustín Paviolo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Misiones Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA) Bertoni 85, CP (N3370AIA), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Paula Cruz
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Misiones Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA) Bertoni 85, CP (N3370AIA), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alberto López-González
- Laboratorio de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. De la Ciencias S/N, Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Santiago de Querétaro, C.P. 76230 Querétaro, México
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Reisinger RR, Carpenter-Kling T, Connan M, Cherel Y, Pistorius PA. Foraging behaviour and habitat-use drives niche segregation in sibling seabird species. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200649. [PMID: 33047027 PMCID: PMC7540780 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To mediate competition, similar sympatric species are assumed to use different resources, or the same but geographically separated resources. The two giant petrels (Macronectes spp.) are intriguing in that they are morphologically similar seabirds with overlapping diets and distributions. To better understand the mechanisms allowing their coexistence, we investigated intra- and interspecific niche segregation at Marion Island (Southern Indian Ocean), one of the few localities where they breed in sympatry. We used GPS tracks from 94 individuals and remote-sensed environmental data to quantify habitat use, combined with blood carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios from 90 individuals to characterize their foraging habitat and trophic ecology. Females of both species made distant at-sea foraging trips and fed at a similar trophic level. However, they used distinct pelagic habitats. By contrast, males of both species mainly foraged on or near land, resulting in significant sexual segregation, but high interspecific habitat and diet overlap. However, some males showed flexible behavioural strategies, also making distant, pelagic foraging trips. Using contemporaneous tracking, environmental and stable isotope data we provide a clear example of how sympatric sibling species can be segregated along different foraging behaviour dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Reisinger
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, South Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 du CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
- Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Tegan Carpenter-Kling
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, South Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Maëlle Connan
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, South Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Yves Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 du CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Pierre A. Pistorius
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, South Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
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Abstract
The existence of a synthetic program of research on what was then termed the "nocturnal problem" and that we might now call "nighttime ecology" was declared more than 70 years ago. In reality, this failed to materialize, arguably as a consequence of practical challenges in studying organisms at night and instead concentrating on the existence of circadian rhythms, the mechanisms that give rise to them, and their consequences. This legacy is evident to this day, with consideration of the ecology of the nighttime markedly underrepresented in ecological research and literature. However, several factors suggest that it would be timely to revive the vision of a comprehensive research program in nighttime ecology. These include (i) that the study of the ecology of the night is being revolutionized by new and improved technologies; (ii) suggestions that, far from being a minor component of biodiversity, a high proportion of animal species are active at night; (iii) that fundamental questions about differences and connections between the ecology of the daytime and the nighttime remain largely unanswered; and (iv) that the nighttime environment is coming under severe anthropogenic pressure. In this article, I seek to reestablish nighttime ecology as a synthetic program of research, highlighting key focal topics and questions and providing an overview of the current state of understanding and developments.
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7
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Activity and home range in a recently widespread European mink population in Western Europe. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-017-1135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Predator avoidance and dietary fibre predict diurnality in the cathemeral folivore Hapalemur meridionalis. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Activity patterns of the water opossum Chironectes minimus in Atlantic Forest rivers of south-eastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467413000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:The activity of the water opossum Chironectes minimus was studied in Atlantic forest rivers in south-eastern Brazil using radiotracking, from October 2004 to October 2008. There were 439 nocturnal fixes of 11 males and four females. Activity patterns of the water opossum were compared among sexes and seasons, using linear and generalized linear mixed models. The water opossum is active mostly at night, showing a unimodal pattern, with activity increasing after sunset and decreasing thereafter along the night. Females were more active in the first quarter of the night and males in the second one. The activity period of males was longer in the dry season, while for females it was longer in the wet season. Sex and season were important determinants of the water opossum activity patterns, mainly because of different sex strategies in a promiscuous/polygynous mating system. However, despite those influences the overall distribution of activity along the night was similar to most Neotropical marsupials. Therefore, similarities in the activity patterns are probably due to phylogenetic constraints and to the absence or weakness of selective pressures modifying the activity of the water opossum.
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Bagniewska JM, Hart T, Harrington LA, Macdonald DW. Hidden Markov analysis describes dive patterns in semiaquatic animals. Behav Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ars217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Castillo-Ruiz A, Paul MJ, Schwartz WJ. In search of a temporal niche: social interactions. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2012; 199:267-280. [PMID: 22877671 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms can be entrained to periodic cues in the environment including the solar day, food resources, and temperature. Work on a variety of organisms has suggested that social interactions within and between species may also influence circadian rhythmicity, but conceptual and technical difficulties relating to animal models, housing environments, rhythm assays, and experimental design have complicated mechanistic investigations in the laboratory. We review these issues and introduce the gregarious Nile grass rat, Arvicanthis niloticus, as a suitable model for research on this problem. Understanding social influences on temporal organization at this supra-organismal, community level is of considerable translational value, as its implications range from conservation biology to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Paul
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - William J Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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López-Bao JV, Palomares F, Rodríguez A, Ferreras P. Intraspecific interference influences the use of prey hotspots. OIKOS 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Melero Y, Palazon S, Revilla E, Gosalbez J. Winter activity patterns in an invading Mediterranean population of American mink (Neovison vison). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2011. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v60.i1.a8.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Melero
- Department of Animal Biology (Vertebrates), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;,
| | - Santiago Palazon
- Department of Environment and Housing, Catalonian Goverment, Doctor Roux 80, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eloy Revilla
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research-CSIC, C/ Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gosalbez
- Department of Animal Biology (Vertebrates), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;,
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Senar JC, Domènech J. Sex-specific aggression and sex ratio in wintering finch flocks: serins and siskins differ. Acta Ethol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-010-0084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Martin DJ, McMillan BR, Erb JD, Gorman TA, Walsh DP. Diel activity patterns of river otters (Lontra canadensis) in southeastern Minnesota. J Mammal 2010. [DOI: 10.1644/09-mamm-a-083.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Zschille J, Stier N, Roth M. Gender differences in activity patterns of American mink Neovison vison in Germany. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-009-0303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Nowak EM, Theimer TC, Schuett GW. Functional and Numerical Responses of Predators: Where Do Vipers Fit in the Traditional Paradigms? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2008; 83:601-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2008.00056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Pizzatto L, Child T, Shine R. Why be diurnal? Shifts in activity time enable young cane toads to evade cannibalistic conspecifics. Behav Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arn060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Does size dimorphism reduce competition between sexes? The diet of male and female pine martens at local and wider geographical scales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03194220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rondinini C, Ercoli V, Boitani L. Habitat use and preference by polecats (Mustela putorius L.) in a Mediterranean agricultural landscape. J Zool (1987) 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Curtis DJ, Rasmussen MA. The Evolution of Cathemerality in Primates and Other Mammals: A Comparative and Chronoecological Approach. Folia Primatol (Basel) 2006; 77:178-93. [PMID: 16415585 DOI: 10.1159/000089703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-primate mammalian activity cycles are highly variable across and within taxonomic groups. In contrast, the order Primates has historically been recognized as displaying a diurnal-nocturnal dichotomy that mapped, for the most part, onto the taxonomic division between haplorhines and strepsirhines. However, it has become clear over the past two decades that activity cycles in primates are not quite so clear cut. Some primate species--like many large herbivorous mammals, mustelids, microtine rodents, and shrews--exhibit activity both at night and during the day. This activity pattern is often polyphasic or ultradian (several short activity bouts per 24-hour period), in contrast to the generally monophasic pattern (one long bout of activity per 24-hour period) observed in diurnal and nocturnal mammals. Alternatively, it can vary on a seasonal basis, with nocturnal activity exhibited during one season, and diurnal activity during the other season. The term now generally employed to describe the exploitation of both diurnal and nocturnal phases in primates is 'cathemeral'. Cathemerality has been documented in one haplorhine, the owl monkey, Aotus azarai, in the Paraguayan and Argentinian Chaco and in several Malagasy strepsirhines, including Eulemur spp., Hapalemur sp. and Lemur catta. In this paper, we review patterns of day-night activity in primates and other mammals and investigate the potential ecological and physiological bases underlying such 24-hour activity. Secondly, we will consider the role of cathemerality in primate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Curtis
- Centre for Research in Evolutionary Anthropology, School of Human and Life Sciences, Roehampton University, London, UK.
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Tanaka H. Seasonal and daily activity patterns of Japanese badgers (Meles meles anakuma) in Western Honshu, Japan. MAMMAL STUDY 2005. [DOI: 10.3106/1348-6160(2005)30[11:sadapo]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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