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De Nys L, Oyebola EF, Connelly J, Ryde GC, Whittaker AC. Digital music and movement intervention to improve health and wellbeing in older adults in care homes: a pilot mixed methods study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:733. [PMID: 39232667 PMCID: PMC11373285 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low physical activity among older adults is related to adverse health outcomes such as depression and loneliness, poor physical function and increased risk of falls. This study was designed to increase physical activity through a digital, group-based, physical activity and music intervention and to examine its effectiveness on social, mental and physical health outcomes. METHODS Participants were 34 older adults (65 years +) recruited across four care homes in Scotland to a pilot study. Surveys were administered at baseline and post-intervention, comprising measures of fear of falling, depression and anxiety, loneliness, sleep satisfaction and quality of life. A battery of physical function tests and saliva sampling for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone hormone analysis were also conducted at each time point. Additionally, process evaluation measures (recruitment, intervention fidelity, attendance, retention rates and safety) were monitored. The intervention comprised 12 weeks of three prescribed digital sessions per week: movement and music (n = 2) and music-only (n = 1), delivered by an activity coordinator in the care home. Post-intervention interviews with staff and participants were conducted to gain qualitative data on the acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS An average of 88% of prescribed sessions were delivered. Pre- to post-intervention intention-to-treat analysis across all participants revealed significant improvements in anxiety, salivary DHEA, fear of falling and loneliness. There were no significant improvements in health-related quality of life, perceived stress, sleep satisfaction or physical function tests, including handgrip strength. Qualitative analysis highlighted benefits of and barriers to the programme. CONCLUSIONS The digital movement and music intervention was deemed acceptable and delivered with moderate fidelity, justifying progression to a full-scale trial. Although a proper control group would have yielded more confident causal relationships, preliminary psychosocial and biological effects were evident from this trial. To show significant improvements in physical function, it is likely that a bigger sample size providing sufficient power to detect significant changes, greater adherence, longer intervention and/or higher exercise volume may be necessary. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05601102 on 01/11/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Len De Nys
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Esther F Oyebola
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Jenni Connelly
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Gemma C Ryde
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
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Sun L, Wang Q, Ai J. The underlying roles and neurobiological mechanisms of music-based intervention in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102265. [PMID: 38479478 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-pharmacological therapy has gained popularity in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its apparent therapeutic effectiveness and the limitation of biological drug. A wealth of research indicates that music interventions can enhance cognition, mood and behavior in individuals with AD. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms behind these improvements have yet to be fully and systematically delineated. This review aims to holistically review how music-based intervention (MBI) ameliorates abnormal emotion, cognition decline, and behavioral changes in AD patients. We cover several key dimensions: the regulation of MBIs on cerebral blood flow (CBF), their impact on neurotransmission (including GABAergic and monoaminergic transmissions), modulation of synaptic plasticity, and hormonal release. Additionally, we summarize the clinical applications and limitations of active music-based intervention (AMBI), passive music-based intervention (PMBI), and hybrid music-based intervention (HMBI). This thorough analysis enhances our understanding of the role of MBI in AD and supports the development of non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China; Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China; National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.
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Saini S, Tahlan S, Minocha N. Current Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Benzodiazepine (BZD) Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:1529-1541. [PMID: 38738726 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266296096240408032738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed drugs for numerous indications such as epilepsy, anti-anxiety, sleep aids, sedatives, and hypnotics. Although the well-tolerated effects of benzodiazepine are seen in many clinical instances, the severity of side effects reduces its quantifiable use. Benzodiazepines, which are medically useful but theoretically unsafe, are frequently recommended by medical practitioners for psychotic patients but have misuse and dependence liabilities. It is impelled as a debateable topic globally about which no one talks. These drugs are also known as silent killers because abruptly stopping them can result in tremors, muscle spasticity, and life-frightening seizures. These drugs are beneficial as well as risky. Nonclinical treatment is simple and well suited and provides support for patients suffering from side effects generated by benzodiazepine withdrawal. This review mainly focuses on antipsychotic drugs and their mechanisms, mortality, withdrawal, abuse, and management via clinical and nonclinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Saini
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baba MastNath University, Rohtak, 124021, Haryana, India
| | - Sumit Tahlan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baba MastNath University, Rohtak, 124021, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Minocha
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, 122413, Haryana, India
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Zhang J, Gao T, Li Y, Song Z, Cui M, Wei Q, Chen Z, Peng F, Lyu S. The effect of Bafa Wubu of Tai Chi on college students' anxiety and depression: A randomized, controlled pilot study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1036010. [PMID: 36760533 PMCID: PMC9905723 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1036010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This pilot study aimed to explore the mechanism of the effects of Bafa Wubu of Tai Chi (BWTC) on anxiety and depression in college students using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Methods: Eighteen college students (5 males and 13 females) with anxiety and depression met the study criteria and were randomly divided into an experimental group (aged 24.20 ± 4.07 years) and a control group (aged 22.50 ± 5.95). The experimental group received an eight-week BWTC intervention five times/week for 60 min/session. The control group maintained normal daily life without any exercise intervention. These students were assessed using RS-fMRI scans, the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and the self-rating depression scale (SDS). Spearman correlation analysis was used, and statistical significance was defined as a two-sided p-value of <0.05. Results: After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of the BWTC group significantly reduced (p = 0.002; p = 0.001). Compared with the control group, the fALFF values of the right middle frontal gyrus, orbital part (Frontal_Mid_Orb_R) (p = 0.043), right inferior occipital gyrus (Occipital_Inf_R) (p = 0.003), and right middle temporal gyrus of the temporal pole (Temporal_Pole_Mid_R) (p = 0.003) in the BWTC group increased significantly; the fALFF values of the left middle frontal gyrus (Frontal_Mid_L) (p = 0.001) and right supplementary motor area (Supp_Motor_Area_R) (p = 0.010) in BWTC group decreased significantly. The fALFF values of Frontal_Mid_Orb_R were significantly positively correlated with the SDS score (r = 0.852, p = 0.015) and the fALFF values of Frontal_Mid_L were significantly negatively correlated with the SAS score (r = -0.797, p = 0.032). Conclusion: In this pilot study with college students, BWTC alleviated anxiety and depression, potentially through modulating activity in the Frontal_Mid_L and Frontal_Mid_Orb_R, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianming Gao
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yameng Li
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenshao Song
- Student Psychological Counseling and Service Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Meize Cui
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyang Wei
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaihao Chen
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of PE, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Lyu
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Amor Gaviola M, Searles A, Dilworth S, Higgins I, Holliday E, Jill Inder K. Estimating the cost of an individualised music intervention for aged care residents with dementia. Nurs Older People 2022; 34:13-19. [PMID: 35673896 DOI: 10.7748/nop.2022.e1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individualised music listening has been shown to reduce agitation and improve mood in people with dementia. However, there is a paucity of research describing the cost of implementing such interventions in residential care settings for older people. AIM To determine the cost of implementing an individualised music intervention for older people with dementia in residential aged care in Australia. METHOD A simple cost analysis was undertaken to determine the cost of delivering the individualised music intervention to 32 older people with dementia at two residential aged care facilities in New South Wales. The analysis took into consideration the operating, training and delivery costs, as well as the costs of purchasing the music equipment and downloads. RESULTS The cost of delivering the individualised music intervention was found to be AU$6,623.76 per year - or AU$3.98 per resident per week, at 2017 values. At 2022 values, this equates to an annual cost of AU$7,130.07 (£4,031.85) for 32 residents and a weekly cost of AU$4.28 (£2.42) per resident per week. CONCLUSION The cost of implementing the individualised music intervention was relatively low compared with the overall cost of residential aged care for older people with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minah Amor Gaviola
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Andrew Searles
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Sophie Dilworth
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
| | - Isabel Higgins
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Kerry Jill Inder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Waters B, Sousa L, Orrell M, McDermott O. Analysing the use of music to facilitate social interaction in care home residents with dementia: Narrative synthesis systematic review. DEMENTIA 2022; 21:2072-2094. [PMID: 35593422 DOI: 10.1177/14713012221100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with dementia residing in care homes can rely heavily on care staff to access activities and meaningful interactions. Previous research suggests that care home interactions can be short, fragmented and task-orientated due to staff workload and residents' language impairments. However, music has the potential to be an alternative communication form that remains intact in the later stages of dementia. This systematic review aims to explore how care home music interventions can facilitate social interactions. METHODS A narrative synthesis was conducted to explore the mechanisms behind how and why care home music intervention facilitate social interactions. The four-element framework guided analysis; (1) Developing a theory, (2) Developing a preliminary synthesis, (3) Exploring relationships, (4) Assessing robustness. FINDINGS The final synthesis included 23 articles. The studies consisted of music therapy sessions, personalised music listening, structured music singing or instrument playing sessions and music therapeutic care. Despite the difference in music interventions, most studies reported an increase in residents' sociable verbal and non-verbal communication and a decrease in unsociable communication. Music interventions allowed residents to reminisce, express themselves, focus and connect with others. DISCUSSION The studies highlighted music interventions are accessible to all residents with dementia despite their impairments. The adaptability allows individuals to continue to connect and express themselves even when language deteriorates. More research is needed into the enablers and barriers to implementing interventions into practice, as this systematic review has highlighted that some form of music intervention for all residents can be highly beneficial. Care homes use of music could increase social interactions and meaningful activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Waters
- School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, 6123University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Lídia Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, 59043Center of Health Technologies and Services Research - CINTESIS, Portugal
| | - Martin Orrell
- School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Orii McDermott
- School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, 6123University of Nottingham, UK
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Koch J, Amos JG, Beattie E, Lautenschlager NT, Doyle C, Anstey KJ, Mortby ME. Non-pharmacological interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in residential aged care settings: An umbrella review. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 128:104187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Golden TL, Springs S, Kimmel HJ, Gupta S, Tiedemann A, Sandu CC, Magsamen S. The Use of Music in the Treatment and Management of Serious Mental Illness: A Global Scoping Review of the Literature. Front Psychol 2021; 12:649840. [PMID: 33868127 PMCID: PMC8044514 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.649840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental and substance use disorders have been identified as the leading cause of global disability, and the global burden of mental illness is concentrated among those experiencing disability due to serious mental illness (SMI). Music has been studied as a support for SMIs for decades, with promising results; however, a lack of synthesized evidence has precluded increased uptake of and access to music-based approaches. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the types and quantity of research at intersections of music and SMIs, document evidentiary gaps and opportunities, and generate recommendations for improving research and practice. Studies were included if they reported on music's utilization in treating or mitigating symptoms related to five SMIs: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Eight databases were searched; screening resulted in 349 included studies for data extraction. Schizophrenia was the most studied SMI, with bipolar disorder studied the least. Demographics, settings, and activity details were found to be inconsistently and insufficiently reported; however, listening to recorded music emerged as the most common musical activity, and activity details appeared to have been affected by the conditions under study. RCTs were the predominant study design, and 271 unique measures were utilized across 289 primary studies. Over two-thirds of primary studies (68.5%) reported positive results, with 2.8% reporting worse results than the comparator, and 12% producing indeterminate results. A key finding is that evidence synthesis is precluded by insufficient reporting, widely varied outcomes and measures, and intervention complexity; as a result, widespread changes are necessary to reduce heterogeneity (as feasible), increase replicability and transferability, and improve understandings of mechanisms and causal pathways. To that end, five detailed recommendations are offered to support the sharing and development of information across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stacey Springs
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Hannah J. Kimmel
- Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sonakshi Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India
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Impacts of Music Intervention on Dementia: A Review Using Meta-Narrative Method and Agenda for Future Research. Neurol Int 2021; 13:1-17. [PMID: 33401393 PMCID: PMC7839006 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dementia, a significant cognitive impairment, is characterized by a decline in memory. It affects an individual’s mood and behavior, which can impair their quality of life and well-being. Studies show that the demand for applying music as a new therapy method for dementia has increased during the last decades. Objective: To review the studies conducted on the impacts of music on different symptoms of dementia and provide readers with a more detailed picture of the efficacy of music, and recognize gaps in the literature. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in the Cochrane Library (1938), Embase (773), Medline and PubMed (700), PsycINFO (89), and Scopus (218) databases. The search was comprised of all the literature from 2010 to 2020. For the search, key terms including “Dementia” AND “music” OR “music intervention” OR “music therapy” and index terms “clinical trial” OR “randomized controlled trials” were used. Finally, after screening 891 citations, 30 studies were included. Results: In general, it was observed that in most cases, music could be used as one of the safe and cost-effective non-pharmacological approaches for dementia treatment. However, in some studies, no impact or short-term effect of music on some symptoms of dementia such as wandering, agitation, and cognition was detected. Conclusion: Observing no effect or even negative impact of music on people living with dementia could be due to a random selection of music, fewer individuals, and the lack of a standard protocol. High heterogeneity in outcomes did not allow for clear conclusions on the benefits of music in dementia. This demands a comprehensive non-pharmacological music treatment approach to be designed for each stage of dementia to be employed alongside pharmacological treatments. This study proposes 13 gaps in the research on the health impact of music on dementia that could be studied by future researchers.
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Petrovsky DV, Gooneratne NS, Bradt J, Gitlin LN, Hodgson NA. Tailored music listening intervention to reduce sleep disturbances in older adults with dementia: Research protocol. Res Nurs Health 2020; 43:557-567. [PMID: 33136301 PMCID: PMC7945958 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disruption in older adults living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is debilitating and contributes to increased institutionalization, reduced cognitive function, and accelerated disease progression. Furthermore, sleep disruption is linked to poor health outcomes in caregivers, such as decreased quality of life and increased caregiver burden. Given the potentially harmful side effects of pharmacologic treatment, nonpharmacologic approaches, such as music, may provide a safer alternative to reducing sleep disruption in this vulnerable population. A growing body of literature suggests that calming tailored music may improve sleep quality in older adults with memory loss, but its efficacy has not been demonstrated in older adults with ADRD in the community, where most older adults with ADRD live. If shown to be feasible and acceptable, tailored music interventions can then be tested for efficacy in reducing sleep disruption. This protocol details a wait-list randomized controlled trial (NCT04157244), the purpose of which is to test the feasibility, acceptability, and examine the preliminary efficacy of a tailored music listening intervention in older adults with ADRD who report sleep disruption. Music selections will be tailored to the music genre preferences of older adults with ADRD and account for known sleep-inducing properties. The feasibility of processes that is key to the success of the subsequent study will be examined. Preliminary efficacy of the intervention will be assessed using objective (actigraphy) and subjective (proxy-reported) sleep quality measures. In addition, qualitative data will be solicited, examining the acceptability and satisfaction with the intervention by individuals with ADRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina V Petrovsky
- Behavioral Health Sciences Department, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nalaka S Gooneratne
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joke Bradt
- College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura N Gitlin
- College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nancy A Hodgson
- Behavioral Health Sciences Department, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Calamassi D, Lucicesare A, Pomponi GP, Bambi S. Music tuned to 432 Hz versus music tuned to 440 Hz for improving sleep in patients with spinal cord injuries: a double-blind cross-over pilot study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:e2020008. [PMID: 33263352 PMCID: PMC8023109 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i12-s.10755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK Among people with spinal cord injuries, sleep disorders are considered one of the top well-being priorities. Some studies suggest that listening to music promotes sleep and improves its quality. These studies usually used music standardised at the frequency of 440 Hz. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of listening to music tuned to 440 Hz and music tuned to 432 Hz on sleep in patients with spinal cord injuries. METHODS Double-blind cross-over pilot study in a single Italian Spinal Unit. 12 patients with spinal injuries were provided with mp3 players loaded with their favourite music tuned to 440 Hz or 432 Hz. They were invited to listen to music for 30 minutes each day, in the two periods of the study. "Sleep Scale for Medical Study" modified for this study, and the "Perceived Stress Scale" were chosen. RESULTS The participants were eight males (mean age =58.12, SD ±13.62), and four females (mean age =56.25, SD ±14.17). Five were quadriplegics and seven were paraplegics. Listening times and wash-out periods were variable. The stress decreased, but not significantly, with listening to music at both frequencies. After listening to music at 432 Hz there was a significant improvement in sleep scores (+3.6, p=0.02), while there was no improvement in sleep scores listening to music at 440 Hz (-1.50, p=0.34). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that further studies on music interventions at 432 Hz should be performed. It is advisable to increase sample sizes and use a range of different research methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Calamassi
- University and Continuing Education Center, AUSL Toscana Centro - Empoli - Florence (Italy)..
| | | | | | - Stefano Bambi
- Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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Pérez-Ros P, Cubero-Plazas L, Mejías-Serrano T, Cunha C, Martínez-Arnau FM. Preferred Music Listening Intervention in Nursing Home Residents with Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Intervention Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:433-442. [PMID: 31177232 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current trend in addressing symptoms of dementia comprises non-pharmacological strategies such as music interventions for the management and improvement of cognitive function, memory, agitation, depression, or anxiety. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of a preferred music listening group intervention upon the functional, cognitive, and emotional dimensions in nursing home residents. METHODS A randomized intervention study was carried out. The study was conducted from June to August 2015, and involved a preferred music listening group intervention lasting 60 minutes, 5 days/week during 8 weeks. A total of 119 adults aged ≥65 years, with annual permanent residence in the nursing home (Málaga, Spain) were included in the study. 47 (39.5%) subjects were randomized to the music group intervention. The nurses and physiotherapists were blinded to the assessments. RESULTS The sample had a mean age of 80.52 (SD7.44) years, with female predominance. The subjects presented dependency in Barthel, and cognitive impairment as determined by the MMSE. The Tinetti scores yielded fall risk and depression as evidenced by the Yesavage scale. The Cornell scores evidenced no depression in elderly people with dementia. Following the intervention, function improved significantly with a medium effect size, as did emotional state, with a large effect size. Cognitive function was seen to worsen in the control group, but remained stable in the intervention group, with a large effect size. CONCLUSIONS A preferred music listening group intervention among elderly people in nursing homes is effective, resulting in improvements in functional and emotional condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pérez-Ros
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Espartero 7, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Cubero-Plazas
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Espartero 7, Valencia, Spain
| | - Trinidad Mejías-Serrano
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Espartero 7, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Espartero 7, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco M Martínez-Arnau
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Espartero 7, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad de Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, Valencia, Spain
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Baek SM, Lee Y, Sohng KY. The psychological and behavioural effects of an animal-assisted therapy programme in Korean older adults with dementia. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:645-653. [PMID: 32291838 PMCID: PMC7586947 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological and behavioural effects of animal-assisted therapy on cognitive function, emotional state, problematic behaviours, and activities of daily living among older adults with dementia. METHODS A nonequivalent control group pretest and post-test study design was used in this study. Twenty-eight participants-14 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group-were recruited from two hospitals in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, between February and April 2015. The intervention group received two 60-min sessions of animal-assisted therapy weekly for 8 weeks, while the control group received conventional care. The cognitive function, emotional state (mood, depression), activities of daily living, and problematic behaviours of the two groups were compared at three points (before the study, at week 4, and at week 8). RESULTS The results showed significant group-by-time interactions of cognitive function (P < 0.001), mood status (P < 0.001), depressive symptoms (P < 0.01), degrees of activities of daily living (P < 0.001), and problematic behaviours (P < 0.001). There were no significant group differences, but significant time differences were observed in cognitive function (P < 0.001), mood status (P < 0.05), degrees of activities of daily living (P < 0.01), and problematic behaviours (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings of the study suggest the adoption of animal-assisted therapy in the daily care of older adults with dementia for improving their psychological and behavioural problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Baek
- Department of Nursing, Nurse Manager, Yeoju Geriatric Hospital, Yeoju, South Korea
| | - Yaelim Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yae Sohng
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhou LY, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu X, Wang LZ, Xie CG. Effect of music intervention on mental health in patients with diabetes mellitus: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomizsed controlled trials. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036268. [PMID: 32819943 PMCID: PMC7440704 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About 463 million adults aged 20-79 have diabetes globally. Mental disorders often exist in patients with diabetes as comorbidities, which can lead to aggravation of the diseases, increased difficulties in treatment, as well as elevated mortality rates. Music intervention has been applied in the treatment of comorbidities for 12 years now, but there are still no recommendations due to the lack of evidence. Thus, a meta-analysis is necessary to evaluate the effect of music intervention in treating mental disorders of patients with diabetes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search the following nine online electronic databases from their inception until March 2020: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical and Medical Database. We also plan to search other relevant resources, including grey literature and the reference lists of relevant publications. Only randomised controlled trials of music intervention to treat depression or anxiety in patients with diabetes will be involved. The primary outcomes include the depression score and anxiety score measured on certain scales, and the secondary outcome is safety. Data extraction will be independently implemented by two researchers. The risk of bias will be evaluated through the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool. Eventually, all the data will be analysed via the Review Manager V.5.3 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This meta-analysis will provide information about applying music intervention to treat depression or anxiety in patients with diabetes. No ethical approval is required because this meta-analysis is based on published data. The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019146439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yue Zhou
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Guang Xie
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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15
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Predictors of change over time in subjective daytime sleepiness among older adult recipients of long-term services and supports. Int Psychogeriatr 2020; 32:849-861. [PMID: 32524932 PMCID: PMC7455051 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Daytime sleepiness is associated with multiple negative outcomes in older adults receiving long-term services and supports (LTSS) including reduced cognitive performance, need for greater assistance with activities of daily living and decreased social engagement. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of change in subjective daytime sleepiness among older adults during their first 2 years of receiving LTSS. DESIGN AND SETTING Secondary analysis of data from a prospective longitudinal study of older adults who received LTSS in their homes, assisted living communities or nursing homes interviewed at baseline and every 3 months for 24 months. PARTICIPANTS 470 older adults (60 years and older) newly enrolled in LTSS (mean = 81, SD = 8.7; range 60-98; 71% women). MEASUREMENTS Subjective daytime sleepiness was assessed every 3 months through 2 years using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Multiple validated measures were used to capture health-related quality of life characteristics of enrollees and their environment, including symptom status (Symptom Bother Scale), cognition (Mini Mental Status Exam), physical function (Basic Activities of Daily Living), physical and mental general health, quality of life (Dementia Quality of Life, D-QoL), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) and social support (Medical Outcomes Survey-Social Support). RESULTS Longitudinal mixed effects modeling was used to examine the relationship between independent variables and continuous measure of daytime sleepiness. Increased feelings of belonging, subscale of the D-QoL (effect size = -0.006, 95% CI: -0.013 to -0.0001, p = 0.045) and higher number of depressive symptoms (effect size = -0.002, 95% CI: -0.004 to -0.001, p = 0.001) at baseline were associated with slower rates of increase in daytime sleepiness over time. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive baseline and longitudinal screening for changes in daytime sleepiness along with depression and perceived quality of life should be used to inform interventions aimed at reducing daytime sleepiness among older adults receiving LTSS.
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Effects of non-facilitated meaningful activities for people with dementia in long-term care facilities: A systematic review. Geriatr Nurs 2020; 41:863-871. [PMID: 32571584 PMCID: PMC7305740 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most activity interventions for people with dementia in long-term care are facilitated. Non-facilitated meaningful activities included music/stimulated family presence, animal-like social robot, lifelike dolls. Some beneficial effects for agitation, emotional wellbeing, feelings of pleasure, engagement and sleep quality. Future research into the potential benefits of non-facilitated meaningful activities is needed in rigorously designed RCTs.
This systematic review sought to evaluate the effectiveness of non-facilitated meaningful activities for older people with dementia in long-term care facilities. Searches were conducted in PubMed; CINAHL; EMBASE; Web of science; PsycINFO; Cochrane; ProQuest; and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify articles published between January 2004 and October 2019. A total of six studies were included. Results implied that current randomised controlled trials or controlled trials about non-facilitated meaningful activities for people with living dementia in long-term care facilitates are limited, but those included in this review were of adequate methodological quality. Meaningful non-facilitated activities, such as music, stimulated family presence, animal-like social robot PARO/plush toy and lifelike dolls, may have beneficial effects on agitation, emotional well-being, feelings of pleasure, engagement, and sleep quality. However, there remains a lack of conclusive and robust evidence to support these psychological and physiological effects of non-facilitated meaningful activities for older people with dementia living in long-term care facilities by care staff.
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Hwang Y, Massimo L, Hodgson N. Modifiable factors associated with anxiety in persons with dementia: An integrative review. Geriatr Nurs 2020; 41:852-862. [PMID: 32571585 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this integrative review was to examine factors related to the presence of anxiety in person with dementia (PWD) and to identify potentially modifiable factors among them. METHODS An integrative review was conducted using PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Among 1856 studies identified, 27 studies were included. RESULTS A number of modifiable factors associated with anxiety were identified. Individual level factors included pain, physical health, physical functioning, fatigue, sleep disturbance, disclosure of diagnosis, embarrassment about memory problems, separation from caregivers, views about oneself and others, social rejection, social isolation, and interactions with others. Caregiver factors associated with anxiety in PWD included caregiver stress, caregiver's negative reactions towards the behavioral problems of PWD, and competence about caregiving. CONCLUSION The results of this review can be used to identify potential targets for interventions to reduce for anxiety in persons with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Hwang
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Lauren Massimo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nancy Hodgson
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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18
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Frizzo NS, Souza AZCD, Muller APWDC, Ozi AM. Música como Recurso de Enfrentamento em Pacientes Oncológicos e Familiares. PSICOLOGIA: CIÊNCIA E PROFISSÃO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-3703003217577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O estudo se propôs a compreender as contribuições da atividade musical diante da capacidade de pacientes oncológicos e familiares no enfrentamento da doença, bem como investigar qual o impacto dessa ação nos aspectos biopsicossociais frente ao processo saúde-doença. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, de cunho qualitativo, sendo considerados participantes os pacientes oncológicos em tratamento em uma clínica no Sul do país e seus familiares. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. A leitura dos dados foi feita por meio de análise de conteúdo com posterior categorização dos temas emergentes. Percebeu-se que a comunicação estabelecida no grupo por meio das canções representou uma possibilidade de elaboração de conteúdos referentes ao tratamento. Observou-se melhora da expressão de sentimentos, ampliação da sensação de apoio, melhora do humor e minimização da percepção dos sintomas atrelados ao tratamento por meio do relaxamento, além do enfoque em memórias saudáveis para além da experiência da doença.
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Biasutti M, Mangiacotti A. Music Training Improves Depressed Mood Symptoms in Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2019; 92:115-133. [PMID: 31814419 DOI: 10.1177/0091415019893988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of music training on depressed mood and general cognitive function in elderly participants is verified in this study. Music activities consisted of improvisation exercises for stimulating interpersonal skills, mood, and cognitive functions. A mixed research method was adopted, including standardized measures (Mini-Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale) and follow-up semistructured interviews. The research design included pre- and postevaluation with randomized experimental and control groups. Participants were 45 care residents aged 62 to 95, healthy and with cognitive impairment. Results revealed a significant improvement in depression index (Geriatric Depression Scale) for the experimental period (t = 1.450; p < .005; d = 0.453) while the control group had no improvement (t = 0.080; p > .1; d = 0.025). In addition, a significant improvement was found in the cognitive level (Mini-Mental State Examination) for the experimental (t = 2.300; p < .005; d = 0.668) than the control group that had a significant reduction (t = 1.240; p < .05; d = 0.273). This study provides evidence that music training has a positive impact on depressed mood and general cognitive function in elderly participants. These types of music training sessions could provide aid to control the symptoms of depression, delay the deterioration of cognitive function, and enhance social-cognitive function, especially in individuals presenting with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Biasutti
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Anthony Mangiacotti
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
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Dowson B, McDermott O, Schneider J. What indicators have been used to evaluate the impact of music on the health and wellbeing of people with dementia? A review using meta-narrative methods. Maturitas 2019; 127:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Dunphy K, Baker FA, Dumaresq E, Carroll-Haskins K, Eickholt J, Ercole M, Kaimal G, Meyer K, Sajnani N, Shamir OY, Wosch T. Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms. Front Psychol 2019; 9:2655. [PMID: 30671000 PMCID: PMC6331422 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression experienced by older adults is proving an increasing global health burden, with rates generally 7% and as high as 27% in the USA. This is likely to significantly increase in coming years as the number and proportion of older adults in the population rises all around the world. Therefore, it is imperative that the effectiveness of approaches to the prevention and treatment of depression are understood. Creative arts interventions, including art, dance movement, drama, and music modalities, are utilized internationally to target depression and depressive symptoms in older adults. This includes interventions led by trained arts therapists as well as other health and arts professionals. However, to date there has not been a systematic review that reports effects and examines the processes (why) and mechanisms (how) of creative arts interventions are used to address depression in this older age group. This systematic review of studies on creative arts interventions for older adults experiencing depression examined: outcomes of four creative arts modalities (art, dance movement, drama, and music); with particular attention paid to processes documented as contributing to change in each modality; and mechanisms considered to result from these processes. Our analysis of 75 articles (17 art, 13 dance, 4 drama, and 41 music) indicates mostly significant quantitative or positive qualitative findings, particularly for interventions led by creative arts therapists. Mechanisms of change gleaned from the studies that were common across modalities include physical (e.g., increased muscle strength; neurochemical effects, such as endorphin release), intra-personal (e.g., enhanced self-concept, strengthened agency and mastery; processing and communication of emotions), cultural (e.g., creative expression, aesthetic pleasure), cognitive (e.g., stimulation of memory), and social (e.g., increased social skills and connection), that were all considered to contribute to reduced depression and symptoms. Recommendations for future research includes stronger focus on testing of processes and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Dunphy
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Felicity A. Baker
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ella Dumaresq
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina Carroll-Haskins
- Health, Arts, Learning & Evaluation Lab, Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jasmin Eickholt
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Music Therapy Lab, Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maya Ercole
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Girija Kaimal
- Health, Arts, Learning & Evaluation Lab, Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kirsten Meyer
- Creative Arts and Music Therapy Research Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nisha Sajnani
- Theatre and Health Lab, Department of Music and Performing Arts Professions, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Opher Y. Shamir
- Theatre and Health Lab, Department of Music and Performing Arts Professions, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Wosch
- Music Therapy Lab, Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Würzburg, Germany
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22
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Schneider J. Music therapy and dementia care practice in the United Kingdom: A British Association for Music Therapy membership survey. BRITISH JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1359457518799854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The place of music therapy in the spectrum of musical interventions in dementia care needs to be better understood in light of the ‘supply’ and ‘demand’ of this provision. A semi-structured, online survey of British Association for Music Therapy members and affiliates was undertaken in summer 2017. It asked respondents to report on employment practice and settings, and experience in dementia-related music therapy. It asked about training received and given, and what barriers prevent wider availability of music therapy for people with dementia in the United Kingdom. Replies came from 188 people, 142 of whom were working with people with dementia. Most respondents reported working in the public or voluntary sector, but one in five was self-employed. Most (61%) were employed in residential care or hospital settings, for an average of 20 hours per week. The main factor that would increase music therapy provision in dementia care was seen as ‘greater awareness’ of music therapy amongst the general public and within the National Health Service. Nearly one-quarter (23%) thought that training and development could help increase provision. This was the largest survey undertaken to date of dementia practice by Music Therapists in the United Kingdom. It has implications for recruitment, professional development, promotion of the specialism and research.
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Vink A, Hanser S. Music-Based Therapeutic Interventions for People with Dementia: A Mini-Review. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E109. [PMID: 30297605 PMCID: PMC6313334 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The growing population of people with dementia worldwide calls attention to the burdens associated with age-related decline that affects physiology, psychological and cognitive status, and social/emotional wellbeing. The current standards in geriatric care recommend non-pharmacological approaches to these challenges, including safe approaches to managing pain and stress, enhancing symptom relief, and fostering independent lifestyles with the highest quality of life possible. The purpose of this article is to provide definitions of music-based interventions, music therapy applications and clinician qualifications, as well as an umbrella mini-review of meta-analyses regarding music-based interventions for individuals with dementia. Our findings indicate that most descriptions of music therapy protocols in the research lack sufficient detail to enable researchers to compare and replicate studies, and clinicians to apply techniques. Definitions of music therapy and music-based interventions are inconsistent, and practitioners vary in their professional training and preparation for implementing music-based clinical strategies. We recommend that future researchers provide thorough descriptions of music therapy and music-based interventions in their protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemieke Vink
- Music Therapy Department, ArtEZ University of the Arts, Academy of Music, 7511 PN Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Suzanne Hanser
- Music Therapy Department, Berklee College of Music, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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van der Steen JT, Smaling HJA, van der Wouden JC, Bruinsma MS, Scholten RJPM, Vink AC. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 7:CD003477. [PMID: 30033623 PMCID: PMC6513122 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003477.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a clinical syndrome with a number of different causes which is characterised by deterioration in cognitive, behavioural, social and emotional functions. Pharmacological interventions are available but have limited effect to treat many of the syndrome's features. Less research has been directed towards non-pharmacological treatments. In this review, we examined the evidence for effects of music-based interventions. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia on emotional well-being including quality of life, mood disturbance or negative affect, behavioural problems, social behaviour and cognition at the end of therapy and four or more weeks after the end of treatment. SEARCH METHODS We searched ALOIS, the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (CDCIG) on 19 June 2017 using the terms: music therapy, music, singing, sing, auditory stimulation. Additional searches were carried out on 19 June 2017 in the major healthcare databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and LILACS; and in trial registers and grey literature sources. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials of music-based therapeutic interventions (at least five sessions) for people with dementia that measured any of our outcomes of interest. Control groups either received usual care or other activities with or without music. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors worked independently to screen the retrieved studies against the inclusion criteria and then to extract data and assess methodological quality of the included studies. If necessary, we contacted trial authors to ask for additional data, including relevant subscales, or for other missing information. We pooled data using random-effects models. MAIN RESULTS We included 22 studies with 1097 randomised participants. Twenty-one studies with 890 participants contributed data to meta-analyses. Participants in the studies had dementia of varying degrees of severity, and all were resident in institutions. Seven studies delivered an individual music intervention; the other studies delivered the intervention to groups of participants. Most interventions involved both active and receptive musical elements. The methodological quality of the studies varied. All were at high risk of performance bias and some were at high risk of detection or other bias.At the end of treatment, we found low-quality evidence that the interventions may improve emotional well-being and quality of life (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02 to 0.62; 9 studies, 348 participants) and reduce anxiety (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.14; 13 studies, 478 participants). We found low-quality evidence that music-based therapeutic interventions may have little or no effect on cognition (SMD 0.15, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.36; 7 studies, 350 participants). There was moderate-quality evidence that the interventions reduce depressive symptoms (SMD -0.27, 95% CI -0.45 to -0.09; 11 studies, 503 participants) and overall behaviour problems (SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.01; 10 studies, 442 participants), but do not decrease agitation or aggression (SMD -0.07, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.10; 14 studies, 626 participants). The quality of the evidence on social behaviour was very low, so effects were very uncertain.The evidence for long-term outcomes measured four or more weeks after the end of treatment was of very low quality for anxiety and social behaviour, and for the other outcomes, it was of low quality for little or no effect (with small SMDs, between 0.03 and 0.34). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Providing people with dementia who are in institutional care with at least five sessions of a music-based therapeutic intervention probably reduces depressive symptoms and improves overall behavioural problems at the end of treatment. It may also improve emotional well-being and quality of life and reduce anxiety, but may have little or no effect on agitation or aggression or on cognition. We are uncertain about effects on social behaviour and about long-term effects. Future studies should examine the duration of effects in relation to the overall duration of treatment and the number of sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny T van der Steen
- Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary CareHippocratespad 21, Gebouw 3PO Box 9600LeidenNetherlands2300RC
| | - Hanneke JA Smaling
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteVan der Boechorststraat 7AmsterdamNetherlands1081 BT
| | - Johannes C van der Wouden
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstitutePO Box 7057AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
| | - Manon S Bruinsma
- Muzis, Praktijk voor MuziektherapieGrote Beer 3DAmersfoortNetherlands3813VT
- Music and Memory160 First StreetMineolaNYUSA11501
| | - Rob JPM Scholten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care / University Medical Center UtrechtCochrane NetherlandsRoom Str. 6.126P.O. Box 85500UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
| | - Annemiek C Vink
- ArtEZ School of MusicMusic Therapy DepartmentVan Essengaarde 10EnschedeNetherlands7511 PN
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Garrido S, Dunne L, Chang E, Perz J, Stevens CJ, Haertsch M. The Use of Music Playlists for People with Dementia: A Critical Synthesis. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:1129-1142. [PMID: 28984606 PMCID: PMC5682575 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of pre-recorded music to ease behavioral and psychological symptoms
associated with dementia is popular in health-care contexts in both formal music
therapy settings and in non-therapist led interventions. However, further
understanding of how non-therapist led interventions compare to therapist led
interventions is needed. This paper reviews 28 studies that used pre-recorded
music with people with dementia using a critical interpretive synthesis model.
Results revealed that pre-recorded music can be effective in reducing a variety
of affective and behavioral symptoms, in particular agitation, even where a
trained music therapist is not present. However, the results are not universally
positive, suggesting the need for further clarification of protocols for music
use and closer investigation of variables that influence individual
responseto music.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Garrido
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura Dunne
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Esther Chang
- Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janette Perz
- Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine J Stevens
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Cheung DSK, Lai CKY, Wong FKY, Leung MCP. The effects of the music-with-movement intervention on the cognitive functions of people with moderate dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:306-315. [PMID: 27819483 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1251571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the six-week music-with-movement (MM) intervention, as compared with music listening (ML) and social activity (SA), on the cognitive functions of people with moderate dementia over time. METHODS A multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted on 165 nursing home residents with moderate dementia. The MM intervention protocol was developed based on a critical literature review, and tested in three rounds of pilot studies before undergoing testing in this study. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups. Intervention participants (n = 58) received a 12-week MM program led by a trained health care professional, while the participants in the comparison ML group (n = 54) listened to their preferred music, and those in the SA group (n = 53) engaged in social chatting. Cognitive functions, depressive symptoms, and anxiety were measured at baseline, the sixth week, and six weeks post-intervention. RESULTS Greater improvements in memory and depressive symptoms for the MM group were revealed in the univariate analysis and pairwise comparisons. The effects on memory could last for at least six weeks post-intervention. However, a mixed multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analysis indicated that there were no significant interactions of group by time effect Conclusion: The findings revealed that the MM intervention may be useful for enhancing the cognitive functions of people with dementia. However, there is insufficient evidence to show that the effects of the MM intervention on outcome variables over time significantly different from those observed among the comparison groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Sze Ki Cheung
- a School of Nursing , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Claudia Kam Yuk Lai
- a School of Nursing , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Mason Chin Pang Leung
- b Department of Rehabilitation Sciences , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
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Shiltz DL, Lineweaver TT, Brimmer T, Cairns AC, Halcomb DS, Juett J, Beer L, Hay DP, Plewes J. “Music First”. GEROPSYCH-THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOPSYCHOLOGY AND GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Existing research has primarily evaluated music therapy (MT) as a means of reducing the negative affect, behavioral, and/or cognitive symptoms of dementia. Music listening (ML), on the other hand, offers a less-explored, potentially equivalent alternative to MT and may further reduce exposure to potentially harmful psychotropic medications traditionally used to manage negative behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). This 5-month prospective, naturalistic, interprofessional, single-center extended care facility study compared usual care (45 residents) and usual care combined with at least thrice weekly personalized ML sessions (47 residents) to determine the influence of ML. Agitation decreased for all participants (p < .001), and the ML residents receiving antipsychotic medications at baseline experienced agitation levels similar to both the usual care group and the ML patients who were not prescribed antipsychotics (p < .05 for medication × ML interaction). No significant changes in psychotropic medication exposure occurred. This experimental study supports ML as an adjunct to pharmacological approaches to treating agitation in older adults with dementia living in long-term care facilities. It also highlights the need for additional research focused on how individualized music programs affect doses and frequencies of antipsychotic medications and their associated risk of death and cerebrovascular events in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane L. Shiltz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Tim Brimmer
- Department of Music, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | | | - Laura Beer
- Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Innes KE, Selfe TK, Khalsa DS, Kandati S. Meditation and Music Improve Memory and Cognitive Function in Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 56:899-916. [PMID: 28106552 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While effective therapies for preventing or slowing cognitive decline in at-risk populations remain elusive, evidence suggests mind-body interventions may hold promise. OBJECTIVES In this study, we assessed the effects of Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) and music listening (ML) on cognitive outcomes in adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a strong predictor of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Sixty participants with SCD were randomized to a KK or ML program and asked to practice 12 minutes/day for 3 months, then at their discretion for the ensuing 3 months. At baseline, 3 months, and 6 months we measured memory and cognitive functioning [Memory Functioning Questionnaire (MFQ), Trail-making Test (TMT-A/B), and Digit-Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)]. RESULTS The 6-month study was completed by 53 participants (88%). Participants performed an average of 93% (91% KK, 94% ML) of sessions in the first 3 months, and 71% (68% KK, 74% ML) during the 3-month, practice-optional, follow-up period. Both groups showed marked and significant improvements at 3 months in memory and cognitive performance (MFQ, DSST, TMT-A/B; p's≤0.04). At 6 months, overall gains were maintained or improved (p's≤0.006), with effect sizes ranging from medium (DSST, ML group) to large (DSST, KK group; TMT-A/B, MFQ). Changes were unrelated to treatment expectancies and did not differ by age, gender, baseline cognition scores, or other factors. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this preliminary randomized controlled trial suggest practice of meditation or ML can significantly enhance both subjective memory function and objective cognitive performance in adults with SCD, and may offer promise for improving outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Terry Kit Selfe
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dharma Singh Khalsa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Integrative Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Alzheimer's Research and Prevention Foundation, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sahiti Kandati
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Abstract
With the biomedicalisation and the pharmaceuticalisation of dementia, music programs, as with other arts- and leisure-based programs, have primarily been implemented as non-pharmacological means to generate social and behavioural changes. We argue that understanding and fully supporting the musicality of persons living with dementia requires engagement with citizenship discourse. Specifically we draw on a model of relational citizenship that recognizes that corporeality is a fundamental source of self-expression, interdependence, and reciprocal engagement. We articulate this argument with reference to the musicality of two residents living with dementia in long-term residential care; one example is drawn from an ethnographic study of selfhood in dementia and the other is from a study of elder-clowning. Relational citizenship brings a new and critical dimension to the discourse on music, ageing, and the body in contemporary society. It further highlights the ethical imperative to fully support musicality through institutional policies, structures and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kontos
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Alisa Grigorovich
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Music Intervention With Reminiscence Therapy and Reality Orientation for Elderly People With Alzheimer Disease Living in a Nursing Home. Holist Nurs Pract 2018; 32:43-50. [DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lyness JM. Editorial Comment: Does Music Have Charms to Soothe Dementia? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017; 25:939-940. [PMID: 28479152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lyness
- Office of Academic Affairs, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY.
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Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:324. [PMID: 28701205 PMCID: PMC5508683 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attention has shifted to the use of non-pharmacological interventions to prevent cognitive decline as a preventive strategy, as well as for those at risk and those with mild cognitive impairment. Early introduction of psycho-social interventions can address cognitive decline and significantly impact quality of life and the wellbeing of elderly individuals. This pilot study explores the feasibility of using art therapy and music reminiscence activity to improve the cognition of community living elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Methods/Design This open-label, interventional study involves a parallel randomized controlled trial design with three arms (two intervention arms and a control group) over a nine-month period. Participants will be community-living elderly individuals aged 60–85 years, both genders, who meet predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the initial three months, interventions will be provided weekly and for the remaining six months fortnightly. A sample size of 90 participants is targeted based on expected neuropsychological test performance, a primary outcome measure, and drop-out rates. The randomization procedure will be carried out via a web-based randomization system. Interventions will be provided by trained staff with a control group not receiving any intervention but continuing life as usual. Assessments will be done at baseline, three months, and nine months, and include neuroimaging to measure cerebral changes and neuropsychological tests to measure for changes in cognition. Secondary outcome measures will include mood changes in anxiety and depression and telomere lengths. Statistical analysis will be undertaken by statisticians; all efficacy analysis will be carried out on an intention-to-treat basis. Primary and secondary outcomes will be modeled using the linear mixed model for repeated measurements and further analysis may be undertaken to adjust for potential confounders. Discussion This will be the first study to compare the effectiveness of art therapy and music reminiscence activity in a randomized controlled trial. We expect that the trial will provide useful evidence for developing psychosocial interventions for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Trial registration The study was registered on 7 July 2016 at Clinical Trials.gov, a service of the US National Institute of Health (NCT02854085), retrospectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2080-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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van der Steen JT, van Soest‐Poortvliet MC, van der Wouden JC, Bruinsma MS, Scholten RJPM, Vink AC. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 5:CD003477. [PMID: 28462986 PMCID: PMC6481517 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003477.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a clinical syndrome with a number of different causes which is characterised by deterioration in cognitive, behavioural, social and emotional functions. Pharmacological interventions are available but have limited effect to treat many of the syndrome's features. Less research has been directed towards non-pharmacological treatments. In this review, we examined the evidence for effects of music-based interventions as a treatment. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia on emotional well-being including quality of life, mood disturbance or negative affect, behavioural problems, social behaviour, and cognition at the end of therapy and four or more weeks after the end of treatment. SEARCH METHODS We searched ALOIS, the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (CDCIG) on 14 April 2010 using the terms: music therapy, music, singing, sing, auditory stimulation. Additional searches were also carried out on 3 July 2015 in the major healthcare databases MEDLINE, Embase, psycINFO, CINAHL and LILACS; and in trial registers and grey literature sources. On 12 April 2016, we searched the major databases for new studies for future evaluation. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials of music-based therapeutic interventions (at least five sessions) for people with dementia that measured any of our outcomes of interest. Control groups either received usual care or other activities. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers worked independently to screen the retrieved studies against the inclusion criteria and then to extract data and assess methodological quality of the included studies. If necessary, we contacted trial authors to ask for additional data, including relevant subscales, or for other missing information. We pooled data using random-effects models. MAIN RESULTS We included 17 studies. Sixteen studies with a total of 620 participants contributed data to meta-analyses. Participants in the studies had dementia of varying degrees of severity, but all were resident in institutions. Five studies delivered an individual music intervention; in the others, the intervention was delivered to groups of participants. Most interventions involved both active and receptive musical elements. The methodological quality of the studies varied. All were at high risk of performance bias and some were at high risk of detection or other bias. At the end of treatment, we found low-quality evidence that music-based therapeutic interventions may have little or no effect on emotional well-being and quality of life (standardized mean difference, SMD 0.32, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.71; 6 studies, 181 participants), overall behaviour problems (SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.56 to 0.17; 6 studies, 209 participants) and cognition (SMD 0.21, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.45; 6 studies, 257 participants). We found moderate-quality evidence that they reduce depressive symptoms (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.07; 9 studies, 376 participants), but do not decrease agitation or aggression (SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.29 to 0.14; 12 studies, 515 participants). The quality of the evidence on anxiety and social behaviour was very low, so effects were very uncertain. The evidence for all long-term outcomes was also of very low quality. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Providing people with dementia with at least five sessions of a music-based therapeutic intervention probably reduces depressive symptoms but has little or no effect on agitation or aggression. There may also be little or no effect on emotional well-being or quality of life, overall behavioural problems and cognition. We are uncertain about effects on anxiety or social behaviour, and about any long-term effects. Future studies should employ larger sample sizes, and include all important outcomes, in particular 'positive' outcomes such as emotional well-being and social outcomes. Future studies should also examine the duration of effects in relation to the overall duration of treatment and the number of sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny T van der Steen
- Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary CareHippocratespad 21, Gebouw 3PO Box 9600LeidenNetherlands2300RC
| | | | - Johannes C van der Wouden
- VU University Medical CenterDepartment of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstitutePO Box 7057AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
| | | | - Rob JPM Scholten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care / University Medical Center UtrechtCochrane NetherlandsRoom Str. 6.126P.O. Box 85500UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
| | - Annemiek C Vink
- ArtEZ School of MusicMusic Therapy Dept.Van Essengaarde 10EnschedeNetherlands7511 PN
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the specific effects of live music concerts on the clients with dementia, their families and nursing staff/caregivers. METHODS Researchers attended 22 concerts in care facilities in England and Japan. Interviews were carried out with clients with dementia, nursing staff and family members. Observations were also carried out before, during and after the concerts. All observations were recorded in field notes. RESULTS The effect of the concerts in both countries was seen to be beneficial to all clients and nursing staff, whether or not they attended the concert. Interviews with clients with mild to mid-stage dementia noted increased levels of cooperation, interaction and conversation. Those with more advanced forms of dementia exhibited decreased levels of agitation and anti-social behaviour. Staff members reported increased levels of care, cooperation and opportunities for assessment. Family members noted an increase in the levels of well-being in their partner/parent as well as in themselves. The study also suggested that the knowledge of musical components, an awareness of the rules of music and specific musical preferences appear to remain well beyond the time when other cognitive skills and abilities have disappeared. CONCLUSIONS This initial study provided some further indication in terms of the uses of music as a non-pharmacological intervention for those living with all stages of dementia. These included opportunities for assessment of physical abilities as well as facilitating an increasing level of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kagari Shibazaki
- a Department of Social Work , Seirei Christopher University , Hamamatsu , Japan
| | - Nigel A Marshall
- b School of Education and Social Work , University of Sussex , Falmer , UK
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Goodarzi Z, Ismail Z. A practical approach to detection and treatment of depression in Parkinson disease and dementia. Neurol Clin Pract 2017; 7:128-140. [PMID: 28409063 PMCID: PMC5386841 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the available evidence for the detection and management of depression in Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia. RECENT FINDINGS Depression is a common comorbidity in those with PD or dementia, and leads to increased morbidity. There are several available and accurate tools for the detection of depression in PD (e.g., Geriatric Depression Scale) and dementia (e.g., Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia). Treatment of depression depends on patient preference, severity of depression, comorbidities, and available resources. Despite variable evidence, the use of nonpharmacologic strategies to manage depression is suggested. Pharmacologic management is guided by modest evidence in PD and dementia, but also informed by the management of late-life depression (LLD). SUMMARY There is evidence to guide the diagnosis and management of depression in PD or dementia. However, more research is required in this field to better inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine (ZG), Department of Psychiatry (ZI), and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (ZI), University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services; and the Hotchkiss Brain Institute (ZI) and The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (ZI), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine (ZG), Department of Psychiatry (ZI), and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (ZI), University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services; and the Hotchkiss Brain Institute (ZI) and The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (ZI), University of Calgary, Canada
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Peck KJ, Girard TA, Russo FA, Fiocco AJ. Music and Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease and The Potential Underlying Mechanisms. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:949-59. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Elliott M, Gardner P. The role of music in the lives of older adults with dementia ageing in place: A scoping review. DEMENTIA 2016; 17:199-213. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301216639424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Elliott
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, Canada
| | - Paula Gardner
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, Canada
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Särkämö T, Laitinen S, Numminen A, Kurki M, Johnson JK, Rantanen P. Pattern of Emotional Benefits Induced by Regular Singing and Music Listening in Dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 64:439-40. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teppo Särkämö
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit; Institute of Behavioural Sciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | | | | | - Merja Kurki
- Miina Sillanpää Foundation; Helsinki Finland
| | - Julene K. Johnson
- Institute for Health and Aging; University of California; San Francisco; San Francisco California
| | - Pekka Rantanen
- Finnish Association of People with Physical Disabilities; Validia Rehabilitation Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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