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Costanzo M, Galosi E, De Bartolo MI, Gallo G, Leodori G, Belvisi D, Conte A, Fabbrini G, Truini A, Berardelli A, Vivacqua G. Evaluating the Diagnostic Potential of Combined Salivary and Skin Biomarkers in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4823. [PMID: 38732041 PMCID: PMC11084721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in saliva and phosphorylated α-syn deposits in the skin have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic value of these biomarkers in discriminating between 38 PD patients and 24 healthy subjects (HSs) using easily accessible biological samples. Additionally, the study sought to determine the diagnostic potential of combining these biomarkers and to explore their correlations with clinical features. Salivary oligomeric α-syn levels were quantified using competitive ELISA, while skin biopsies were analyzed through immunofluorescence to detect phosphorylated α-syn at Ser129 (p-S129). Both biomarkers individually were accurate in discriminating PD patients from HSs, with a modest agreement between them. The combined positivity of salivary α-syn oligomers and skin p-S129 aggregates differentiated PD patients from HSs with an excellent discriminative ability with an AUC of 0.9095. The modest agreement observed between salivary and skin biomarkers individually suggests that they may reflect different aspects of PD pathology, thus providing complementary information when combined. This study's results highlight the potential of utilizing a multimodal biomarker approach to enhance diagnostic accuracy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Costanzo
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Galosi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Gaetano Gallo
- Unità Operativa Complessa Neurologia, Ospedali Riuniti Padova Sud, Via Albere 30, 35043 Padova, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Leodori
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy;
| | - Daniele Belvisi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy;
| | - Antonella Conte
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Truini
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (E.G.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Vivacqua
- Department of Experimental Morphology and Microscopy-Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy;
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Wang S, Xie S, Zheng Q, Zhang Z, Wang T, Zhang G. Biofluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1380237. [PMID: 38659704 PMCID: PMC11039951 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1380237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, with a complex pathogenesis and an irreversible course. Therefore, the early diagnosis of AD is particularly important for the intervention, prevention, and treatment of the disease. Based on the different pathophysiological mechanisms of AD, the research progress of biofluid biomarkers are classified and reviewed. In the end, the challenges and perspectives of future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensen Wang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Sitan Xie
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinpin Zheng
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Lista S, Santos-Lozano A, Emanuele E, Mercuri NB, Gabelle A, López-Ortiz S, Martín-Hernández J, Maisto N, Imbimbo C, Caraci F, Imbimbo BP, Zetterberg H, Nisticò R. Monitoring synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease through fluid and PET imaging biomarkers: a comprehensive review and future perspectives. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:847-857. [PMID: 38228892 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently constrained by limited clinical treatment options. The initial pathophysiological event, which can be traced back to decades before the clinical symptoms become apparent, involves the excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a peptide comprised of 40-42 amino acids, in extraneuronal plaques within the brain. Biochemical and histological studies have shown that overaccumulation of Aβ instigates an aberrant escalation in the phosphorylation and secretion of tau, a microtubule-binding axonal protein. The accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau into intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles is in turn correlated with microglial dysfunction and reactive astrocytosis, culminating in synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. As neurodegeneration progresses, it gives rise to mild clinical symptoms of AD, which may eventually evolve into overt dementia. Synaptic loss in AD may develop even before tau alteration and in response to possible elevations in soluble oligomeric forms of Aβ associated with early AD. These findings largely rely on post-mortem autopsy examinations, which typically involve a limited number of patients. Over the past decade, a range of fluid biomarkers such as neurogranin, α-synuclein, visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1), neuronal pentraxin 2, and β-synuclein, along with positron emission tomography (PET) markers like synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A, have been developed. These advancements have facilitated the exploration of how synaptic markers in AD patients correlate with cognitive impairment. However, fluid biomarkers indicating synaptic loss have only been validated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), not in plasma, with the exception of VILIP-1. The most promising PET radiotracer, [11C]UCB-J, currently faces significant challenges hindering its widespread clinical use, primarily due to the necessity of a cyclotron. As such, additional research geared toward the exploration of synaptic pathology biomarkers is crucial. This will not only enable their extensive clinical application, but also refine the optimization process of AD pharmacological trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nicola B Mercuri
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- CMRR, Memory Resources and Research Center, Montpellier University of Excellence i-site, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Susana López-Ortiz
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Hernández
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nunzia Maisto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Camillo Imbimbo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
- Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018, Troina, Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, 43122, Parma, Italy
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 431 80, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, WC1N, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 53726, WI, USA
| | - Robert Nisticò
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Del Campo M, Vermunt L, Peeters CFW, Sieben A, Hok-A-Hin YS, Lleó A, Alcolea D, van Nee M, Engelborghs S, van Alphen JL, Arezoumandan S, Chen-Plotkin A, Irwin DJ, van der Flier WM, Lemstra AW, Teunissen CE. CSF proteome profiling reveals biomarkers to discriminate dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer´s disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5635. [PMID: 37704597 PMCID: PMC10499811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is challenging and specific biofluid biomarkers are highly needed. We employed proximity extension-based assays to measure 665 proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with DLB (n = 109), Alzheimer´s disease (AD, n = 235) and cognitively unimpaired controls (n = 190). We identified over 50 CSF proteins dysregulated in DLB, enriched in myelination processes among others. The dopamine biosynthesis enzyme DDC was the strongest dysregulated protein, and could efficiently discriminate DLB from controls and AD (AUC:0.91 and 0.81 respectively). Classification modeling unveiled a 7-CSF biomarker panel that better discriminate DLB from AD (AUC:0.93). A custom multiplex panel for six of these markers (DDC, CRH, MMP-3, ABL1, MMP-10, THOP1) was developed and validated in independent cohorts, including an AD and DLB autopsy cohort. This DLB CSF proteome study identifies DLB-specific protein changes and translates these findings to a practicable biomarker panel that accurately identifies DLB patients, providing promising diagnostic and clinical trial testing opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Del Campo
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Barcelonaßeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lisa Vermunt
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carel F W Peeters
- Mathematical & Statistical Methods group (Biometris), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Sieben
- Lab of neuropathology, Neurobiobank, Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp University, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yanaika S Hok-A-Hin
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU) - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Investigation Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU) - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Investigation Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirrelijn van Nee
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Brussels, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juliette L van Alphen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanaz Arezoumandan
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alice Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Coughlin DG, Irwin DJ. Fluid and Biopsy Based Biomarkers in Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:932-954. [PMID: 37138160 PMCID: PMC10457253 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several advances in fluid and tissue-based biomarkers for use in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies have been made in the last several years. While work continues on species of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) and other proteins which can be measured from spinal fluid and plasma samples, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence from peripheral tissue biopsies and alpha-synuclein seeding amplification assays (aSyn-SAA: including real-time quaking induced conversion (RT-QuIC) and protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA)) now offer a crucial advancement in their ability to identify aSyn species in PD patients in a categorical fashion (i.e., of aSyn + vs aSyn -); to augment clinical diagnosis however, aSyn-specific assays that have quantitative relevance to pathological burden remain an unmet need. Alzheimer's disease (AD) co-pathology is commonly found postmortem in PD, especially in those who develop dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Biofluid biomarkers for tau and amyloid beta species can detect AD co-pathology in PD and DLB, which does have relevance for prognosis, but further work is needed to understand the interplay of aSyn tau, amyloid beta, and other pathological changes to generate comprehensive biomarker profiles for patients in a manner translatable to clinical trial design and individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Coughlin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9444 Medical Center Drive, ECOB 03-021, MCC 0886, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Evaluation of Alpha-Synuclein Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels in Several Neurological Disorders. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113139. [PMID: 35683523 PMCID: PMC9181117 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a presynaptic neuronal protein that regulates several neuronal functions. In recent decades, the role of α-syn as a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases has been explored, especially in synucleinopathies. However, only a few studies have assessed its role as biomarker in other neurological disorders. The aim of the study was to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-syn levels in several neurological disorders; (2) Methods: We measured CSF α-syn levels by a commercial ELISA kit in 158 patients classified in the following group: controls, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), cerebrovascular diseases, inflammatory central nervous system diseases, other neurological diseases, Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and peripheral neuropathy; (3) Results: Patients with PD showed the lowest and patients with AD the highest levels of CSF α-syn (1372 vs. 2912 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). In AD patients, α-syn levels were significantly associated with tau proteins; (4) Conclusions: α-syn could represent a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Blanc F, Bousiges O. Biomarkers and diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies including prodromal: Practical aspects. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022; 178:472-483. [PMID: 35491246 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is a common form of cognitive neurodegenerative disease. More than half of the patients affected are not or misdiagnosed because of the clinical similarity with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease but also psychiatric diseases such as depression or psychosis. In this review, we evaluate the interest of different biomarkers in the diagnostic process: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain MRI, FP-CIT SPECT, MIBG SPECT, perfusion SPECT, FDG-PET by focusing more specifically on differential diagnosis between DLB and AD. FP-CIT SPECT is of high interest to discriminate DLB and AD, but not at the prodromal stage. Brain MRI has shown differences in group study with lower grey matter concentration of the Insula in prodromal DLB, but its interest in clinical routine is not demonstrated. Among the AD biomarkers (t-Tau, phospho-Tau181, Aβ42 and Aβ40) used routinely, t-Tau and phospho-Tau181 have shown excellent discrimination whatever the clinical stages severity. CSF Alpha-synuclein assay in the CSF has also an interest in the discrimination between DLB and AD but not in segregation between DLB and healthy elderly subjects. CSF synuclein RT-QuIC seems to be an excellent biomarker but its application in clinical routine remains to be demonstrated, given the non-automation of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Blanc
- Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, CM2R (Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de Recherche), Hôpital de jour, pôle de Gériatrie, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, laboratoire ICube UMR 7357 et FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg), équipe IMIS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - O Bousiges
- CNRS, laboratoire ICube UMR 7357 et FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg), équipe IMIS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Strasbourg, France
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Beatino MF, De Luca C, Campese N, Belli E, Piccarducci R, Giampietri L, Martini C, Perugi G, Siciliano G, Ceravolo R, Vergallo A, Hampel H, Baldacci F. α-synuclein as an emerging pathophysiological biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:411-425. [PMID: 35443850 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2068952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION α-syn aggregates represent the pathological hallmark of synucleinopathies as well as a frequent copathology (almost 1/3 of cases) in AD. Recent research indicates a potential role of α-syn species, measured in CSF with conventional analytical techniques, in the differential diagnosis between AD and synucleinopathies (such as DLB). Pioneering studies report the detection of α-syn in blood, however, conclusive investigations are controversial. Ultrasensitive seed amplification techniques, enabling the selective quantification of α-syn seeds, may represent an effective solution to identify the α-syn component in AD and facilitate a biomarker-guided stratification. AREAS COVERED We performed a PubMed-based review of the latest findings on α-syn-related biomarkers for AD, focusing on bodily fluids. A dissertation on the role of ultrasensitive seed amplification assays, detecting α-syn seeds from different biological samples, was conducted. EXPERT OPINION α-syn may contribute to progressive AD neurodegeneration through cross-seeding especially with tau protein. Ultrasensitive seed amplification techniques may support a biomarker-drug co-development pathway and may be a pathophysiological candidate biomarker for the evolving ATX(N) system to classify AD and the spectrum of primary NDDs. This would contribute to a precise approach to AD, aimed at implementing disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciro De Luca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicole Campese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Belli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Linda Giampietri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Perugi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Vergallo
- GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De l'Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Harald Hampel
- GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De l'Hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Filippo Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De l'Hôpital, Paris, France
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9
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Wen YF, Xiao XW, Zhou L, Jiang YL, Zhu Y, Guo LN, Wang X, Liu H, Zhou YF, Wang JL, Liao XX, Shen L, Jiao B. Mutations in GBA, SNCA, and VPS35 are not associated with Alzheimer's disease in a Chinese population: a case-control study. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:682-689. [PMID: 34380910 PMCID: PMC8504399 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.321000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SNCA, GBA, and VPS35 are three common genes associated with Parkinson’s disease. Previous studies have shown that these three genes may be associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether these genes increase the risk of AD in Chinese populations. In this study, we used a targeted gene sequencing panel to screen all the exon regions and the nearby sequences of GBA, SNCA, and VPS35 in a cohort including 721 AD patients and 365 healthy controls from China. The results revealed that neither common variants nor rare variants of these three genes were associated with AD in a Chinese population. These findings suggest that the mutations in GBA, SNCA, and VPS35 are not likely to play an important role in the genetic susceptibility to AD in Chinese populations. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China on March 9, 2016 (approval No. 201603198).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Wen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ya-Ling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ya-Fang Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders; Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun-Ling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders; Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Liao
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders; Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders; Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders; Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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10
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Kawada T. Alpha-synuclein Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients With Lewy Bodies Dementia and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:187. [PMID: 33883390 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawada
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Mavroudis I, Petridis F, Chatzikonstantinou S, Kazis D. Response to the Letter to the Editor by Tomoyuki Kawada: "Alpha-Synuclein Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients With Lewy Bodies Dementia and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders". Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:187-188. [PMID: 33769991 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Foivos Petridis
- Third Department of Neurology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Kazis
- Third Department of Neurology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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McGrowder DA, Miller F, Vaz K, Nwokocha C, Wilson-Clarke C, Anderson-Cross M, Brown J, Anderson-Jackson L, Williams L, Latore L, Thompson R, Alexander-Lindo R. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Brain Sci 2021; 11:215. [PMID: 33578866 PMCID: PMC7916561 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, clinically heterogeneous, and particularly complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by a decline in cognition. Over the last two decades, there has been significant growth in the investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. This review presents current evidence from many clinical neurochemical studies, with findings that attest to the efficacy of existing core CSF biomarkers such as total tau, phosphorylated tau, and amyloid-β (Aβ42), which diagnose Alzheimer's disease in the early and dementia stages of the disorder. The heterogeneity of the pathophysiology of the late-onset disease warrants the growth of the Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarker toolbox; more biomarkers showing other aspects of the disease mechanism are needed. This review focuses on new biomarkers that track Alzheimer's disease pathology, such as those that assess neuronal injury (VILIP-1 and neurofilament light), neuroinflammation (sTREM2, YKL-40, osteopontin, GFAP, progranulin, and MCP-1), synaptic dysfunction (SNAP-25 and GAP-43), vascular dysregulation (hFABP), as well as CSF α-synuclein levels and TDP-43 pathology. Some of these biomarkers are promising candidates as they are specific and predict future rates of cognitive decline. Findings from the combinations of subclasses of new Alzheimer's disease biomarkers that improve their diagnostic efficacy in detecting associated pathological changes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan A. McGrowder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Fabian Miller
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Mico University College, 1A Marescaux Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica;
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Kurt Vaz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
| | - Cameil Wilson-Clarke
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
| | - Melisa Anderson-Cross
- School of Allied Health and Wellness, College of Health Sciences, University of Technology, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Jabari Brown
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Lennox Anderson-Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Lowen Williams
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Lyndon Latore
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Rory Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruby Alexander-Lindo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
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13
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Camporesi E, Nilsson J, Brinkmalm A, Becker B, Ashton NJ, Blennow K, Zetterberg H. Fluid Biomarkers for Synaptic Dysfunction and Loss. Biomark Insights 2020; 15:1177271920950319. [PMID: 32913390 PMCID: PMC7444114 DOI: 10.1177/1177271920950319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapses are the site for brain communication where information is transmitted between neurons and stored for memory formation. Synaptic degeneration is a global and early pathogenic event in neurodegenerative disorders with reduced levels of pre- and postsynaptic proteins being recognized as a core feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Together with AD, other neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders show altered synaptic homeostasis as an important pathogenic event, and due to that, they are commonly referred to as synaptopathies. The exact mechanisms of synapse dysfunction in the different diseases are not well understood and their study would help understanding the pathogenic role of synaptic degeneration, as well as differences and commonalities among them and highlight candidate synaptic biomarkers for specific disorders. The assessment of synaptic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which can reflect synaptic dysfunction in patients with cognitive disorders, is a keen area of interest. Substantial research efforts are now directed toward the investigation of CSF synaptic pathology to improve the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders at an early stage as well as to monitor clinical progression. In this review, we will first summarize the pathological events that lead to synapse loss and then discuss the available data on established (eg, neurogranin, SNAP-25, synaptotagmin-1, GAP-43, and α-syn) and emerging (eg, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A and neuronal pentraxins) CSF biomarkers for synapse dysfunction, while highlighting possible utilities, disease specificity, and technical challenges for their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Camporesi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Nilsson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bruno Becker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
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14
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Katayama T, Sawada J, Takahashi K, Yahara O. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Parkinson's Disease: A Critical Overview of the Literature and Meta-Analyses. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10070466. [PMID: 32698474 PMCID: PMC7407121 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10070466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder; however, well-established biochemical markers have not yet been identified. This review article covers several candidate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for PD based on the recent literature and meta-analysis data. The decrease of α-synuclein in PD is supported by meta-analyses with modest reproducibility, and a decrease of amyloid β42 is seen as a prognostic marker for cognitive decline. Tau, phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and neurofilament light chains have been used to discriminate PD from other neurodegenerative disorders. This article also describes more hopeful biochemical markers, such as neurotransmitters, oxidative stress markers, and other candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Katayama
- Department of Neurology, Asahikawa City Hospital, 1-1-65 Kinseicho, Asahikawa 070-8610, Japan; (K.T.); (O.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-166-24-3181; Fax: +81-166-24-1125
| | - Jun Sawada
- Department of Neurology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
| | - Kae Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Asahikawa City Hospital, 1-1-65 Kinseicho, Asahikawa 070-8610, Japan; (K.T.); (O.Y.)
| | - Osamu Yahara
- Department of Neurology, Asahikawa City Hospital, 1-1-65 Kinseicho, Asahikawa 070-8610, Japan; (K.T.); (O.Y.)
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15
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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of alpha-synuclein, amyloid β, tau, phosphorylated tau, and neuron-specific enolase in patients with Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies or other neurological disorders: Their relationships with cognition and nuclear medicine imaging findings. Neurosci Lett 2020; 715:134564. [PMID: 31733322 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are common neurodegenerative disorders, but no established biochemical markers for these diseases have been identified. We enrolled 78 subjects (27 patients with PD/DLB, 34 patients with non-PD/DLB neurodegenerative disorders [non-PD/DLB], and 17 controls). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected via the standard lumbar puncture technique. The CSF levels of alpha-synuclein, amyloid β40, amyloid β42, tau, phosphorylated tau (p-tau), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and hemoglobin were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Dopamine transporter imaging with 123I-ioflupane was also performed. The PD/DLB patients exhibited significantly lower CSF alpha-synuclein levels than non-PD/DLB group. Significantly elevated CSF levels of tau, p-tau, and NSE were detected in the non-PD/DLB group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the mini-mental state examination score was correlated with the CSF amyloid β42 level. The specific binding ratio on 123I-ioflupane imaging was decreased in the PD/DLB group, but it was not correlated with the CSF alpha-synuclein level. These results indicate that (1) the CSF alpha-synuclein level is a useful biomarker of PD/DLB; (2) the CSF levels of tau, p-tau, and NSE can be used to discriminate PD/DLB from non-PD/DLB; and (3) the CSF amyloid β42 level is an independent predictor of cognitive decline in neurological disorders.
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16
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Førland MG, Tysnes OB, Aarsland D, Maple-Grødem J, Pedersen KF, Alves G, Lange J. The value of cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein and the tau/α-synuclein ratio for diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders with Lewy pathology. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:43-50. [PMID: 31293044 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are three of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Up to 20% of these patients have the wrong diagnosis, due to overlapping symptoms and shared pathologies. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker panel for AD is making its way into the clinic, but an equivalent panel for PD and DLB and for improved differential diagnoses is still lacking. Using well-defined, community-based cohorts and validated analytical methods, the diagnostic value of CSF total-α-synuclein (t-α-syn) alone and in combination with total tau (t-tau) in newly diagnosed patients with PD, DLB and AD was determined. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of t-α-syn were assessed using our validated in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 78 PD patients, 20 AD patients, 19 DLB patients and 32 controls. t-tau was measured using a commercial assay. Diagnostic performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Compared to controls (mean 517 pg/ml), significantly lower levels of CSF t-α-syn in patients with PD (434 pg/ml, 16% reduction, P = 0.036), DLB (398 pg/ml, 23% reduction, P = 0.009) and AD (383 pg/ml, 26% reduction, P = 0.014) were found. t-α-syn levels did not differ significantly between PD, DLB and AD. The t-tau/t-α-syn ratio showed an improved performance compared to the single markers. CONCLUSION This is the first study to compare patients with PD, DLB and AD at the time of diagnosis. It was found that t-α-syn can contribute as a teammate with tau in a CSF biomarker panel for PD and DLB, and strengthen the existing biomarker panel for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Førland
- Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - O-B Tysnes
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - D Aarsland
- Centre for Age-related Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Maple-Grødem
- Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - K F Pedersen
- Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - G Alves
- Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - J Lange
- Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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17
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Twohig D, Nielsen HM. α-synuclein in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2019; 14:23. [PMID: 31186026 PMCID: PMC6558879 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Alzheimer’s disease (AD) afflicted brain is neuropathologically defined by extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the presynaptic protein α-synuclein (αSyn), mainly associated with synucleinopathies like Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), is involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Lewy-related pathology (LRP), primarily comprised of αSyn, is present in a majority of autopsied AD brains, and higher levels of αSyn in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD have been linked to cognitive decline. Recent studies also suggest that the asymptomatic accumulation of Aβ plaques is associated with higher CSF αSyn levels in subjects at risk of sporadic AD and in individuals carrying autosomal dominant AD mutations. Experimental evidence has further linked αSyn mainly to tau hyperphosphorylation, but also to the pathological actions of Aβ and the APOEε4 allele, the latter being a major genetic risk factor for both AD and DLB. In this review, we provide a summary of the current evidence proposing an involvement of αSyn either as an active or passive player in the pathophysiological ensemble of AD, and furthermore describe in detail the current knowledge of αSyn structure and inferred function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Twohig
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16B, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrietta M Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16B, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Potential Diagnostic Value of Red Blood Cells α-Synuclein Heteroaggregates in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6451-6459. [PMID: 30826968 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A plethora of complex misfolded protein combinations have been found in Alzheimer disease (AD) brains besides the classical pathological hallmarks. Recently, α-synuclein (α-syn) and its heterocomplexes with amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau have been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiological processes of neurodegenerative diseases. These pathological features are not limited to the brain, but can be also found in peripheral fluids. In this respect, red blood cells (RBCs) have been suggested as a good model to investigate the biochemical alterations of neurodegeneration. Our aim is to find whether RBC concentrations of α-syn and its heterocomplexes (i.e., α-syn/Aβ and α-syn/tau) were different in AD patients compared with healthy controls (HC). The levels of homo- and heteroaggregates of α-syn, Aβ and tau, were analyzed in a cohort of AD patients at early stage either with dementia or prodromal symptoms (N = 39) and age-matched healthy controls (N = 39). All AD patients received a biomarker-based diagnosis (low cerebrospinal fluid levels of Aβ peptide combined with high cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of total tau and/or phospho-tau proteins; alternatively, a positivity to cerebral amyloid-PET scan). Our results showed lower concentrations of α-syn and its heterocomplexes (i.e., α-syn/Aβ and α-syn/tau) in RBCs of AD patients with respect to HC. RBC α-syn/Aβ as well as RBC α-syn/tau heterodimers discriminated AD participants from HC with fair accuracy, whereas RBC α-syn concentrations differentiated poorly the two groups. Although additional investigations are required, these data suggest α-syn heteroaggregates in RBCs as potential tool in the diagnostic work-up of early AD diagnosis.
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19
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Bousiges O, Blanc F. Diagnostic value of cerebro-spinal fluid biomarkers in dementia with lewy bodies. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 490:222-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Viodé A, Epelbaum S, Benyounes I, Verny M, Dubois B, Junot C, Fenaille F, Lamari F, Becher F. Simultaneous quantification of tau and α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid by high-resolution mass spectrometry for differentiation of Lewy Body Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease and controls. Analyst 2019; 144:6342-6351. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel mass spectrometry assay offers simultaneous quantification of CSF α-synuclein and tau and has potential diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Viodé
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI)
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments (LEMM)
- CEA
- INRA
- Université Paris Saclay
| | - Stéphane Epelbaum
- Institut de la Mémoire et de Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A)
- Département de Neurologie
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix
- Paris
- France
| | - Imen Benyounes
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix
- Paris
- France
| | - Marc Verny
- Service de Gériatrie
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix
- Paris
- France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A)
- Département de Neurologie
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix
- Paris
- France
| | - Christophe Junot
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI)
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments (LEMM)
- CEA
- INRA
- Université Paris Saclay
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI)
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments (LEMM)
- CEA
- INRA
- Université Paris Saclay
| | - Foudil Lamari
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix
- Paris
- France
| | - François Becher
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI)
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments (LEMM)
- CEA
- INRA
- Université Paris Saclay
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21
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Vergallo A, Bun RS, Toschi N, Baldacci F, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Cavedo E, Lamari F, Habert MO, Dubois B, Floris R, Garaci F, Lista S, Hampel H. Association of cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein with total and phospho-tau 181 protein concentrations and brain amyloid load in cognitively normal subjective memory complainers stratified by Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 14:1623-1631. [PMID: 30055132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several neurodegenerative brain proteinopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are associated with cerebral deposition of insoluble aggregates of α-synuclein. Previous studies reported a trend toward increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein (α-syn) concentrations in AD compared with other neurodegenerative diseases and healthy controls. METHODS The pathophysiological role of CSF α-syn in asymptomatic subjects at risk of AD has not been explored. We performed a large-scale cross-sectional observational monocentric study of preclinical individuals at risk for AD (INSIGHT-preAD). RESULTS We found a positive association between CSF α-syn concentrations and brain β-amyloid deposition measures as mean cortical standard uptake value ratios. We demonstrate positive correlations between CSF α-syn and both CSF t-tau and p-tau181 concentrations. DISCUSSION Animal models presented evidence, indicating that α-syn may synergistically and directly induce fibrillization of both tau and β-amyloid. Our data indicate an association of CSF α-syn with AD-related pathophysiological mechanisms, during the preclinical phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vergallo
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France.
| | - René-Sosata Bun
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Radiology, "Athinoula A. Martinos" Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filippo Baldacci
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Enrica Cavedo
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Foudil Lamari
- AP-HP, UF Biochimie des Maladies Neuro-métaboliques, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Odile Habert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France; Centre pour l'Acquisition et le Traitement des Images (www.cati-neuroimaging.com), France; AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Nucléaire, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Floris
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Garaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Casa di Cura "San Raffaele Cassino", Cassino, Italy
| | - Simone Lista
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France; Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France
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22
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Lewczuk P, Riederer P, O’Bryant SE, Verbeek MM, Dubois B, Visser PJ, Jellinger KA, Engelborghs S, Ramirez A, Parnetti L, Jack CR, Teunissen CE, Hampel H, Lleó A, Jessen F, Glodzik L, de Leon MJ, Fagan AM, Molinuevo JL, Jansen WJ, Winblad B, Shaw LM, Andreasson U, Otto M, Mollenhauer B, Wiltfang J, Turner MR, Zerr I, Handels R, Thompson AG, Johansson G, Ermann N, Trojanowski JQ, Karaca I, Wagner H, Oeckl P, van Waalwijk van Doorn L, Bjerke M, Kapogiannis D, Kuiperij HB, Farotti L, Li Y, Gordon BA, Epelbaum S, Vos SJB, Klijn CJM, Van Nostrand WE, Minguillon C, Schmitz M, Gallo C, Mato AL, Thibaut F, Lista S, Alcolea D, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Kornhuber J, Riederer P, Gallo C, Kapogiannis D, Mato AL, Thibaut F. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers for neurodegenerative dementias: An update of the Consensus of the Task Force on Biological Markers in Psychiatry of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry. World J Biol Psychiatry 2018; 19:244-328. [PMID: 29076399 PMCID: PMC5916324 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1375556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the 12 years since the publication of the first Consensus Paper of the WFSBP on biomarkers of neurodegenerative dementias, enormous advancement has taken place in the field, and the Task Force takes now the opportunity to extend and update the original paper. New concepts of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the conceptual interactions between AD and dementia due to AD were developed, resulting in two sets for diagnostic/research criteria. Procedures for pre-analytical sample handling, biobanking, analyses and post-analytical interpretation of the results were intensively studied and optimised. A global quality control project was introduced to evaluate and monitor the inter-centre variability in measurements with the goal of harmonisation of results. Contexts of use and how to approach candidate biomarkers in biological specimens other than cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), e.g. blood, were precisely defined. Important development was achieved in neuroimaging techniques, including studies comparing amyloid-β positron emission tomography results to fluid-based modalities. Similarly, development in research laboratory technologies, such as ultra-sensitive methods, raises our hopes to further improve analytical and diagnostic accuracy of classic and novel candidate biomarkers. Synergistically, advancement in clinical trials of anti-dementia therapies energises and motivates the efforts to find and optimise the most reliable early diagnostic modalities. Finally, the first studies were published addressing the potential of cost-effectiveness of the biomarkers-based diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Lewczuk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, and Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Peter Riederer
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sid E. O’Bryant
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Marcel M. Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), Salpêtrièrie Hospital, INSERM UMR-S 975 (ICM), Paris 6 University, Paris, France
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lidia Glodzik
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mony J. de Leon
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne M. Fagan
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonabeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Willemijn J. Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel and University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- iBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Martin R. Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Inga Zerr
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Clinical Dementia Centre, Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ron Handels
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Gunilla Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Natalia Ermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - John Q. Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ilker Karaca
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Holger Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick Oeckl
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Linda van Waalwijk van Doorn
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Bjerke
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H. Bea Kuiperij
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Farotti
- Section of Neurology, Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Yi Li
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian A. Gordon
- Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stéphane Epelbaum
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), Salpêtrièrie Hospital, INSERM UMR-S 975 (ICM), Paris 6 University, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie J. B. Vos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina J. M. Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carolina Minguillon
- Barcelonabeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Clinical Dementia Centre, Department of Neurology, University Medical School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carla Gallo
- Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares/Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrea Lopez Mato
- Chair of Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology, Maimonides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florence Thibaut
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cochin-Site Tarnier 89 rue d’Assas, INSERM 894, Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Simone Lista
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l’hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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23
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Giacomelli C, Daniele S, Martini C. Potential biomarkers and novel pharmacological targets in protein aggregation-related neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 131:1-15. [PMID: 28159621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of specific proteins plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). β-Amyloid (Aβ) peptide-containing plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated protein tau are the two main neuropathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease. Meanwhile, Parkinson's disease is defined by the presence of intraneuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies), in which α-synuclein (α-syn) has been identified as a major protein component. The current literature provides considerable insights into the mechanisms underlying oligomeric-related neurodegeneration, as well as the relationship between protein aggregation and ND, thus facilitating the development of novel putative biomarkers and/or pharmacological targets. Recently, α-syn, tau and Aβ have been shown to interact each other or with other "pathological proteins" to form toxic heteroaggregates. These latest findings are overcoming the concept that each neurodegenerative disease is related to the misfolding of a single specific protein. In this review, potential opportunities and pharmacological approaches targeting α-syn, tau and Aβ and their oligomeric forms are highlighted with examples from recent studies. Protein aggregation as a biomarker of NDs, in both the brain and peripheral fluids, is deeply explored. Finally, the relationship between biomarker establishment and assessment and their use as diagnostics or therapeutic targets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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24
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Førland MG, Öhrfelt A, Oftedal LS, Tysnes OB, Larsen JP, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Alves G, Lange J. Validation of a new assay for α-synuclein detection in cerebrospinal fluid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:254-260. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Abnormal α-synuclein aggregation and deposition is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), but is also found in Alzheimer disease (AD). Therefore, there is a gaining interest in α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as potential biomarker for these neurodegenerative diseases. To broaden the available choices of α-synuclein measurement in CSF, we developed and validated a new assay for detecting total α-synuclein.Methods:This novel ELISA uses commercially available antibodies and is based on electrochemiluminescence technology. The assay protocol is straightforward, with short and simple incubation steps, and requires only small amounts of CSF. We validated this assay for precision, parallelism, dilution linearity, specificity, and spike recovery. We further compared it to the newly validated α-synuclein assay from BioLegend by analyzing a set of 50 CSF samples with both assays.Results:The new assay quantifies α-synuclein in CSF with a lower limit of detection of 36.3 pg/mL and shows no cross-reactivity with human β- and γ-synuclein. Results of dilution linearity, parallelism, spike recovery, and precision classify this assay as well suited for α-synuclein detection in human CSF samples.Conclusions:We present a novel assay based on freely available components to quantify total α-synuclein in CSF as an additional method for α-synuclein as a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases. The assay convinces with its simple and convenient protocol paired with high sensitivity.
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25
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Cerebrospinal α-synuclein in α-synuclein aggregation disorders: tau/α-synuclein ratio as potential biomarker for dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neurol 2016; 263:2271-2277. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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26
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Abdelnour C, van Steenoven I, Londos E, Blanc F, Auestad B, Kramberger MG, Zetterberg H, Mollenhauer B, Boada M, Aarsland D. Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers predict cognitive decline in lewy body dementia. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1203-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.26668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Abdelnour
- Fundació ACE, Alzheimer Research Center and Memory ClinicInstitut Català de Neurociències AplicadesBarcelona Spain
| | - Inger van Steenoven
- Alzheimer Center, Department of NeurologyVU Medical CenterAmsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversityMalmö Sweden
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Neuropsychology Unit and Geriatric Day Hospital (Strasbourg Resource and Research Memory Center, CMRR), University Hospital of Strasbourg and ICube laboratory, FMTSUniversity of Strasbourg and CNRSStrasbourg France
| | - Bjørn Auestad
- Research DepartmentStavanger University HospitalStavanger Norway
- Department of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of StavangerStavanger Norway
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistrythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndal Sweden
- Department of Molecular NeuroscienceUCL Institute of NeurologyLondon United Kingdom
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Paracelsus‐Elena‐Klinik, Kassel and University Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of NeuropathologyGöttingen Germany
| | - Mercè Boada
- Fundació ACE, Alzheimer Research Center and Memory ClinicInstitut Català de Neurociències AplicadesBarcelona Spain
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Research DepartmentStavanger University HospitalStavanger Norway
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society (NVS)Center for Alzheimer Research Division for NeurogeriatricsStockholm Sweden
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27
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Blennow K, Biscetti L, Eusebi P, Parnetti L. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases-From pathophysiology to clinical practice. Mov Disord 2016; 31:836-47. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.26656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Mölndal Campus Mölndal Sweden
| | - Leonardo Biscetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Center for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia; Sant'Andrea delle Fratte Perugia Italy
| | - Paolo Eusebi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Center for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia; Sant'Andrea delle Fratte Perugia Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Center for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia; Sant'Andrea delle Fratte Perugia Italy
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