Post-infective pericarditis left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: a case report and review of literature

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm: Unexpected Sequel of Tamponade-Complicated Infectious Pericarditis in Infancy

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LV-PsA) is a critical finding that could result in a fatal outcome. It may complicate myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery, trauma, or endocarditis but rarely follows pericarditis. We report a case of infectious pericarditis complicated by pericardial tamponade in an infant. After effusion drainage and medical therapy, a large LV-PsA was detected. Successful closure of the pseudoaneurysm᾽s neck was accomplished using a Gore-tex patch.

Subpulmonary pseudoaneurysm-a rare complication following surgical ventricular septal defect closure

In this report, we describe the surgical management of a subpulmonary pseudoaneurysm following surgical closure of ventricular septal defect in an infant. Diagnosis, pathogenesis, and surgical considerations for management of this complication are discussed.

A large basal left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following pediatric cardiac surgery

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LV-PSA) is a rare complication in children, usually developing after cardiac surgery, percutaneous procedures, infections, or trauma. Herein, we report a case of large basal submitral LV-PSA in a 36-day-old baby, detected 26 days after cardiac operation for hypoplastic arch, aortic coarctation, and small ventricular septal defect. No complications occurred in the first postoperative course, and early postoperative echocardiograms were normal. Despite large dimension of pseudoaneurysm, the baby presented with only mild tachypnea. The baby was successfully operated. Pseudoaneurysm, besides rare, could have an extremely broad and insidious clinical presentation and had to be considered in post-cardiac surgery follow-up echocardiogram at any time lapse.

Unconventional Surgical Intervention for Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Associated With Staphylococcus aureus in a Pediatric Patient

Ventricular pseudoaneurysms are very unusual in children. A six-year-old child developed left ventricular pseudoaneurysm associated with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The patient responded favorably to antibiotic therapy and ventriculoplasty through an unconventional surgery due to the constrictive pericarditis.

Infectious pseudo-aneurysm of the left ventricle: a case report and a review of the literature

BACKGROUND

In the workup of a pediatric patient with pericarditis we found evidence of a pseudo-aneurysm of the left ventricle, which is a rare complication of purulent pericarditis.

CASE PRESENTATION

We present a case of a six-year-old girl who was diagnosed with pericarditis and a fistula between the pericardial and the intra-luminal space of the left ventricle of the heart. She was successfully treated with antibiotics and cardio-thoracic surgery. We found 23 published cases (21 with follow-up) of infectious pseudo-aneurysm of the heart, of which 19 underwent surgery, 5 had fatal outcome, and 2 who refused surgery survived. The majority of cases were associated with Staphylococcus aureus. The exact mechanisms of this rare complication remain unknown.

CONCLUSIONS

A pseudo-aneurysm of the left ventricle is a rare and not well understood complication of a purulent pericarditis most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection. Because of risk of rupture, surgical intervention is advised.

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Following Surgical Repair of Ventricular Septal Defect in an Infant

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LV-PSA) is a rare complication following cardiac surgery, let alone in the pediatric population. Other known causes of LV-PSA are trauma, percutaneous cardiac intervention, and infections. This report describes the development of LV-PSA following surgical repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and coarctation of aorta (CoA) in an infant.

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysms in Children-A Case Series

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysms are very rare in children. In children, left ventricular pseudoaneurysms can occur following infection, trauma, ischemia, or cardiac surgery. The authors report a series of three cases treated at our hospital with two of the cases having a history of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and one patient with a history of varicella zoster infection.

Dissecting ventricular pseudoaneurysm after perimyocarditis-a case report

BACKGROUND

The current case describes the fast development of a pseudoaneurysm in a patient that presented with signs of systemic inflammation and generally deranged blood work.

CASE PRESENTATION

The pseudoaneurysm appeared within one week of disease onset. The anatomic extent of the pseudoaneurysm was unusual, as it dissected intramurally beneath the septum, inferior to the right ventricle and had effect on the RV filling. The etiology could not be definitely defined, since in adults the most common cause for pseudoaneurysm development is recent myocardial infarction, but in this patient the coronary arteries were healthy. Instead it could have been a consequence of an aggressive perimyocarditis.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to the unpredictable nature of pseudoaneurysms we advocate early contact with a center with cardiothoracic surgery expertise for rapid surgical intervention.