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Brewer MA, Grossman EL, Randklev CR. Clumped isotopes reveal relationship between mussel growth and river discharge. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7653. [PMID: 38561458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Freshwater mussels preserve valuable information about hydrology, climate, and population dynamics, but developing seasonal chronologies can be problematic. Using clumped isotope thermometry, we produced high-resolution reconstructions of modern and historic (~ 1900) temperatures and δ18Owater from mussel shells collected from an impounded river, the Brazos in Texas, before and after damming. We also performed high-resolution growth band analyses to investigate relationships between mussel growth rate, rainfall, and seasonal temperature. Reconstructed δ18Owater and temperature vary little between the modern (3R5) and historic shell (H3R). However, a positive relationship between reconstructed δ18Owater and growth rate in H3R indicates that aside from diminished growth in winter, precipitation and flow rate are the strongest controls on mussel growth in both modern and pre-dam times. Overall, our results demonstrate (1) the impact, both positive and negative, of environmental factors such as flow alteration and temperature on mussel growth and (2) the potential for clumped isotopes in freshwater mussels as a paleohydrology and paleoclimate proxies in terrestrial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Brewer
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ethan L Grossman
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Artetxe-Arrate I, Brophy D, Dettman DL, Lastra-Luque P, Varela JL, Oray I, Arrizabalaga H, Fraile I. Otolith-temperature estimates in Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from the Mediterranean Sea: Insights from clumped isotope measurements. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 193:106283. [PMID: 38128348 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The subpopulation and/or contingent structure of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) within the Mediterranean Sea is undefined, leading to uncertainty regarding the best strategy for an effective assessment and management of this highly exploited stock. This study aimed to reconstruct temperatures experienced by Atlantic bluefin tuna during the early life period (<3.5 months) using clumped isotope temperature proxy, an innovative geothermometer for carbonates, that does not require previous knowledge of other environmental parameters such as water oxygen composition. We examined otolith chemistry in fish captured from 3 different areas of the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent waters. We found that mean seasonal temperature estimates from clumped isotopes did not differ significantly from satellite derived and otolith oxygen stable isotopic ratios derived temperatures, except for the central Mediterranean Sea, were clumped isotopes derived temperatures were significantly higher than satellite derived temperatures. However, the sensitivity of the clumped isotope thermometer was found to be lower than that based on oxygen fractionation equation, with high variance observed in the clumped isotopes derived temperature estimates. We also observed that clumped isotope derived temperatures were undistinguishable among bluefin tuna captured in the Gibraltar Strait, the central, and eastern Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, we discuss the major sources of uncertainty in temperature reconstructions using bluefin tuna otoliths.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Artetxe-Arrate
- AZTI, Marine Research, AZTI Basque Research and Alliance, Txatxarramendi ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - D Brophy
- Marine and Freshwater Research Centre, Atlantic Technological University - Galway City, Wellpark Road, Galway, H91 DY9Y, Ireland
| | - D L Dettman
- Environmental Isotope Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - P Lastra-Luque
- AZTI, Marine Research, AZTI Basque Research and Alliance, Txatxarramendi ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J L Varela
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Av. República Saharaui s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - I Oray
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Arrizabalaga
- AZTI, Marine Research, AZTI Basque Research and Alliance, Txatxarramendi ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - I Fraile
- AZTI, Marine Research, AZTI Basque Research and Alliance, Txatxarramendi ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain
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Grigg G, Nowack J, Bicudo JEPW, Bal NC, Woodward HN, Seymour RS. Whole-body endothermy: ancient, homologous and widespread among the ancestors of mammals, birds and crocodylians. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:766-801. [PMID: 34894040 PMCID: PMC9300183 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The whole‐body (tachymetabolic) endothermy seen in modern birds and mammals is long held to have evolved independently in each group, a reasonable assumption when it was believed that its earliest appearances in birds and mammals arose many millions of years apart. That assumption is consistent with current acceptance that the non‐shivering thermogenesis (NST) component of regulatory body heat originates differently in each group: from skeletal muscle in birds and from brown adipose tissue (BAT) in mammals. However, BAT is absent in monotremes, marsupials, and many eutherians, all whole‐body endotherms. Indeed, recent research implies that BAT‐driven NST originated more recently and that the biochemical processes driving muscle NST in birds, many modern mammals and the ancestors of both may be similar, deriving from controlled ‘slippage’ of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase (SERCA) in skeletal muscle, similar to a process seen in some fishes. This similarity prompted our realisation that the capacity for whole‐body endothermy could even have pre‐dated the divergence of Amniota into Synapsida and Sauropsida, leading us to hypothesise the homology of whole‐body endothermy in birds and mammals, in contrast to the current assumption of their independent (convergent) evolution. To explore the extent of similarity between muscle NST in mammals and birds we undertook a detailed review of these processes and their control in each group. We found considerable but not complete similarity between them: in extant mammals the ‘slippage’ is controlled by the protein sarcolipin (SLN), in birds the SLN is slightly different structurally and its role in NST is not yet proved. However, considering the multi‐millions of years since the separation of synapsids and diapsids, we consider that the similarity between NST production in birds and mammals is consistent with their whole‐body endothermy being homologous. If so, we should expect to find evidence for it much earlier and more widespread among extinct amniotes than is currently recognised. Accordingly, we conducted an extensive survey of the palaeontological literature using established proxies. Fossil bone histology reveals evidence of sustained rapid growth rates indicating tachymetabolism. Large body size and erect stature indicate high systemic arterial blood pressures and four‐chambered hearts, characteristic of tachymetabolism. Large nutrient foramina in long bones are indicative of high bone perfusion for rapid somatic growth and for repair of microfractures caused by intense locomotion. Obligate bipedality appeared early and only in whole‐body endotherms. Isotopic profiles of fossil material indicate endothermic levels of body temperature. These proxies led us to compelling evidence for the widespread occurrence of whole‐body endothermy among numerous extinct synapsids and sauropsids, and very early in each clade's family tree. These results are consistent with and support our hypothesis that tachymetabolic endothermy is plesiomorphic in Amniota. A hypothetical structure for the heart of the earliest endothermic amniotes is proposed. We conclude that there is strong evidence for whole‐body endothermy being ancient and widespread among amniotes and that the similarity of biochemical processes driving muscle NST in extant birds and mammals strengthens the case for its plesiomorphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Grigg
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Julia Nowack
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, U.K
| | | | | | - Holly N Woodward
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, 74107, U.S.A
| | - Roger S Seymour
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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Buchner E, Sach VJ, Schmieder M. Sand spikes pinpoint powerful palaeoseismicity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6731. [PMID: 34795293 PMCID: PMC8602635 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sand spikes, pin-shaped, carbonate-cemented sandstone bodies of variable size widely interpreted as sedimentary concretions, have been enigmatic for nearly two centuries. We here present a high-energy mechanism for their formation. Two classic sand spike occurrences are found in the North Alpine Foreland Basin of Central Europe and at Mount Signal in southern California, USA. A distinct seismite horizon in Mid-Miocene Molasse sediments of southern Germany, genetically linked with the Ries impact event, exhibits dewatering structures and contains numerous sand spikes with tails systematically orientated away from the Ries crater. Sand spikes at Mount Signal, strikingly similar in shape to those found in Germany, have tails that point away from the nearby San Andreas Fault. Based on their structural and stratigraphic context, we interpret sand spikes as a new type of seismite and a promising tool to identify strong impact-induced or tectonic palaeo-earthquakes and their source regions in the geologic record.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Buchner
- HNU - Neu-Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Wileystrasse 1, D-89231, Neu-Ulm, Germany. .,Meteorkrater-Museum Steinheim, D-89555, Steinheim am Albuch, Germany.
| | - Volker J. Sach
- Meteorkrater-Museum Steinheim, D-89555 Steinheim am Albuch, Germany ,Fokus Natur, Am Heselsberg 29, D-88416 Ochsenhausen, Germany
| | - Martin Schmieder
- grid.466058.9HNU - Neu-Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Wileystrasse 1, D-89231 Neu-Ulm, Germany ,Meteorkrater-Museum Steinheim, D-89555 Steinheim am Albuch, Germany
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Schauer AJ, Kelson J, Saenger C, Huntington KW. Choice of 17 O correction affects clumped isotope (Δ 47 ) values of CO 2 measured with mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:2607-2616. [PMID: 27650267 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The clumped isotope composition of CO2 (Δ47 ) derived from carbonate is widely used as a paleotemperature proxy with broad applications in geoscience. Its accuracy is, however, limited by inter-laboratory discrepancies of reference materials and disagreement among carbonate geothermometer calibrations. Here we show how the correction for the abundance of 17 O influences these discrepancies. METHODS We used CO2 -H2 O equilibration at known temperatures and phosphoric acid digested carbonates to generate CO2 samples with a wide range in 13 C and 18 O compositions. All samples were purified using an offline vacuum line. We used a Thermo MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer with a Faraday collector array for m/z 44-49, to measure δ13 C, δ18 O, δ47 , and Δ47 values. Data were compiled using a traditional correction ('Santrock') for the 17 O interference in m/z 45 as well as a more recently proposed correction ('Brand') for 17 O interference. Two reference frames using CO2 with distinct 13 C compositions were constructed to simulate an inter-laboratory comparison. RESULTS The traditional Santrock 17 O correction leads to a simulated Δ47 inter-laboratory comparison offset of 0.06 ‰, and a 0.1 ‰ Δ47 range in CO2 -H2 O 23°C equilibrations that is dependent on the 13 C composition. The more recent Brand 17 O correction removes these discrepancies. The traditional 17 O correction yields distinct temperature-Δ47 calibration curves for synthetic carbonates precipitated using different methods to degas CO2 , while the more recent 17 O correction collapses all calibration data onto a single curve. CONCLUSIONS The 17 O correction strategy employed by CO2 and carbonate clumped-isotope researchers can have a large effect on the accuracy of Δ47 values. Use of the traditional 17 O correction may have caused errors in published studies as large as 0.1 ‰ and may account for Δ47 differences among laboratories and disagreement among previously published carbonate clumped isotope thermometry calibrations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Schauer
- IsoLab, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julia Kelson
- IsoLab, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Casey Saenger
- IsoLab, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- JISAO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katharine W Huntington
- IsoLab, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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