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Diotaiuti P, Valente G, Mancone S, Girelli L, Cavicchiolo E, Chirico A. Validation study of the Italian brief version of the multidimensional jealousy scale: Psychometric properties, measurement invariance across gender, and convergent validity. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1013584. [PMID: 36483702 PMCID: PMC9722731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1013584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The multidimensional jealousy scale (MJS) is among the most internationally used instruments for the assessment of jealousy in its three dimensions: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. This study aimed to replicate the Italian validation process of the shortened MJS in order to confirm its psychometric properties and measurement invariance across gender. Materials and methods Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted in a large sample of adults (n = 2,928). To reliably estimate mean differences across gender, the measurement invariance of the scale was first established by means of CFA. Convergent validity was than tested by administrating the tool to a convenient sample (n = 304). Results A 15-item version of the Italian MJS was retained in its three-factor structure. The tool showed good fit with both the CFA (χ2 = 211.827, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.047, RMSEA 90% CI = 0.039-0.055) and the results confirmed the strong measurement invariance of the MJS across gender. The internal consistency measures were found to be fully satisfactory. Predictive associations with constructs such as avoidance and anxiety referred to attachment in relationships (ECR-R), obsessive jealousy, depressive jealousy, jealousy associated with separation anxiety, paranoid jealousy (QUEGE), and basic self-esteem (BSE) were confirmed. Discussion The MJS is particularly apt to collect information quickly and efficiently about jealousy in a current relationship. The multidimensional and brief structure makes it particularly suitable for preliminary screening, couple therapy assessment, and research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Diotaiuti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valente
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Stefania Mancone
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Laura Girelli
- Department of Human, Philosophical, and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Elisa Cavicchiolo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Chirico
- Department of Psychology of Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T, Miovsky M. Somatic Symptoms, Anxiety, and Depression Among College Students in the Czech Republic and Slovakia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:859107. [PMID: 35359763 PMCID: PMC8961809 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.859107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying in college can be a challenging time for many students, which can affect their mental health. In addition to academic pressure and stressful tasks, another aggravating factor in student life is the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms in Czech and Slovak college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate possible socio-demographic determinants of mental health problems. A total of 3,099 respondents participated in this cross-sectional study (Czech Republic: 1,422, Slovakia: 1,677). The analyzes included the Patient Health Questionnaire for somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder instrument (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression (PHQ-9). Socio-demographic factors were gender, age, family structure, marital status, form of study, degree of study, year of study, field of study, distance between home and college, residence, and housing during the semester. Among Czech students, prevalence of somatic complaints, anxiety and depression was 72.2, 40.3, and 52%, respectively. Among Slovak students, prevalence of somatic complaints, anxiety and depression was 69.5, 34.6, and 47%, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the most severe mental health problems were identified in a non-negligible part of the sample (Czech Republic: PHQ-15 = 10.1%, GAD-7 = 4.9%, PHQ-9 = 3.4%; Slovakia: PHQ-15 = 7.4%, GAD-7 = 3.5%, PHQ-9 = 2.7%). Regarding the differences between the analyzed countries, a significantly higher score in somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depression was identified in the Czech Republic. Significant differences in mental disorders were found in most socio-demographic characteristics. The main results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for mental health disorders in Czech and Slovak students were female gender, younger age, third degree of study, and study of Informatics, Mathematics, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Especially in the case of these high-risk groups of students, public policies should consider a response to impending problems. The findings are an appeal for a proactive approach to improving the mental health of students and for the implementation of effective prevention programs, which are more than necessary in the Czech and Slovak college environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Institute of Earth Resources, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management and Business, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Tawfik Mudarri
- Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Institute of Earth Resources, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michal Miovsky
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Michal Miovsky
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Steis N, Oddo-Sommerfeld S, Echterhoff G, Thiel A, Thiel J, Briem K, Ciaramidaro A, Freitag CM, Mecklinger A, Unterhorst K, Stirn A. The obsessions of the green-eyed monster: jealousy and the female brain. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2019.1615047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Steis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Echterhoff
- Department of Psychology, Social Psychology Group, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Katja Briem
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angela Ciaramidaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Christine M. Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Axel Mecklinger
- Experimental Neuropsychology Unit, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katja Unterhorst
- Institute for Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Integrative Psychiatry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aglaja Stirn
- Institute for Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Integrative Psychiatry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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PRIOLO FILHO SR, PADOVANI RDC, WILLIAMS LCDA. Jealousy and anxiety in male domestic abusers: A comparative study. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0275201936e180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between partner’s jealousy and the anxiety level presented by male domestic abusers, comparing these variables with men of similar age, socio-economic status, and educational level, without a history of domestic violence. The sample consisted of 20 male abusers and 20 men without a history of violence towards their partner. A Batterer Semi-Structured Interview on Family of Origin; the Romantic Jealousy Scale; and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used as instruments. The groups did not differ statistically regarding age, education, and income; however, they were statistically different regarding the variables jealousy and anxiety levels. Abusers presented higher scores on jealousy and anxiety than non-abusers It is suggested that jealousy combined with anxiety may contribute to intimate partner violence. Future studies could further investigate this possibility using larger samples.
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Margherita G, Gargiulo A, Troisi G, Tessitore F, Kapusta ND. Italian Validation of the Capacity to Love Inventory: Preliminary Results. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1434. [PMID: 30158888 PMCID: PMC6104494 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Within a wider international research project aimed at operationalize the psychodynamic construct of capacity to love (Kernberg, 2011), the Capacity to Love Inventory (CTL-I) is a 41-items self-report questionnaire assessing six dimensions: interest in the life project of the other, basic trust, gratitude, common ego ideal, permanence of sexual passion, loss, and mourning. Objectives: The study is aimed at validating the Italian version of the CTL-I. Method: A total sample of 736 Italian non-clinical adults was administered a checklist assessing socio-demographic variables, and the CTL-I. A Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) was conducted to examine the construct validity of the Italian version of the CTL-I. Only a part of the total sample (320 participants) was administered an additional series of concurrent measures in order to investigate the convergent validity of the CTL-I. Correlations with measures of socio-sexual orientation, quality of romance relations, and psychopathological questionnaires were examined through Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: CFA results suggested that the Italian CTL-I fully replicated the six-factor structure of the original CTL-I. Cronbach's alpha index provided satisfactory results for all subscales and the correlations with concurrent measures were in expected direction. Conclusion: The results showed promising psychometric characteristics of the Italian version of CTL-I. Implications of the feasibility of the instrument in clinical and psychotherapeutic settings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Margherita
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Gargiulo
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gina Troisi
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nestor D Kapusta
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to describe the psychopathology, antecedents, and current management of pathological jealousy from an interpersonal perspective. METHOD The Google Scholar database was searched with the following terms: delusional jealousy; morbid jealousy; paranoid jealousy; pathological jealousy; Othello syndrome; delusional disorder-jealous type; conjugal paranoia. From a total of 600 articles, 40 were selected based on their currency and pertinence to the interpersonal aspects of jealousy. RESULTS Findings were that delusional jealousy is equally prevalent among men and women, with a greater prevalence in the elderly. Antecedents to this condition can be neurologic, drug related, and/or psychological, most often preceded by low self-esteem and excessive dependence on a romantic partner. Pathological jealousy can be triggered by the behavior of the partner and maintained by reasoning biases and by the psychological benefits that it initially bestows on the relationship. In the long run, however, it poses dangerous risks to the patient, the partner, and the imagined rival so that involuntary hospitalization is sometimes required. Treatment recommendations include couple therapy, a strong cognitive focus, antipsychotic medication, and interventions which enhance self-esteem of both partners and which address the solidarity of the existing relationship. CONCLUSION Treatment effectiveness does not yet have a firm evidence base.
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Marazziti D, Akiskal HS, Udo M, Picchetti M, Baroni S, Massimetti G, Albanese F, Dell'Osso L. Dimorphic changes of some features of loving relationships during long-term use of antidepressants in depressed outpatients. J Affect Disord 2014; 166:151-5. [PMID: 25012424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the possible changes of some features of loving relationships during long-term treatment of depression with both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclics (TCAs), by means of a specifically designed test, the so-called "Sex, Attachment, Love" (SALT) questionnaire. The sample was composed by 192 outpatients (123 women and 69 men, mean age±SD: 41.2±10.2 years), suffering from mild or moderate depression, according to DSM-IV-TR criteria, that were selected if they were treated with one antidepressant only for at least six months and were involved in a loving relationship. The results showed that SSRIs had a significant impact on the feelings of love and attachment towards the partner especially in men, while women taking TCAs complained of more sexual side effects than men. These data were supported also by the detection of a significant interaction between drug and sex on the "Love" and "Sex" domains. The present findings, while demonstrating a dimorphic effect of antidepressants on some component of loving relationships, need to be deepened in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hagop S Akiskal
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Pisa, Italy; International Mood Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mieko Udo
- International Mood Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michela Picchetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Baroni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Albanese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Pisa, Italy
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Abstract
Jealousy is a complex emotion characterized by the perception of a threat of loss of something that the person values,particularly in reference to a relationship with a loved one, which includes affective, cognitive, and behavioral components. Neural systems and cognitive processes underlying jealousy are relatively unclear, and only a few neuroimaging studies have investigated them. The current article discusses recent empirical findings on delusional jealousy, which is the most severe form of this feeling, in neurodegenerative diseases. After reviewing empirical findings on neurological and psychiatric disorders with delusional jealousy, and after considering its high prevalence in patients with Parkinson's disease under dopamine agonist treatment, we propose a core neural network and core cognitive processes at the basis of (delusional) jealousy, characterizing this symptom as possible endophenotype. In any case,empirical investigation of the neural bases of jealousy is just beginning, and further studies are strongly needed to elucidate the biological roots of this complex emotion.
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Marazziti D, Consoli G, Albanese F, Laquidara E, Baroni S, Catena Dell'osso M. Romantic attachment and subtypes/dimensions of jealousy. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2010; 6:53-8. [PMID: 20835357 PMCID: PMC2936010 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901006010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored the possible relationship between romantic attachment and jealousy in 100 healthy subjects. The romantic attachment and jealousy were evaluated by means of, respectively, the “Experiences in Close Relationships” questionnaire (ECR), and the “Questionario della Gelosia” (QUEGE). The ECR anxiety scale was related to all QUEGE dimensions, while the ECR avoidance scale to three. Individuals with the preoccupied attachment style showed higher scores than secure subjects on the obsessionality, interpersonal sensitivity and fear of loss dimensions. Fearful-avoidant individuals had higher score than secure subjects on the fear of loss dimension only, while dismissing individuals had lower scores on the self-esteem dimension. These findings suggest that romantic attachment and jealousy are intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia, Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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