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Jang WH, Seo SM. Digital Therapeutics for the Egocentric and Allocentric Neglects in Patients with Brain Injury: A Mini Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1170. [PMID: 37626526 PMCID: PMC10452466 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Various therapeutic approaches have been developed for neglect. Many studies have demonstrated the effect of digital therapeutics (DTx) on neglect. However, few studies have reported the effects of DTx on egocentric and allocentric neglect. The differentiation of types of neglect and separate interventions is crucial in the rehabilitation process. In this article, seven studies on DTx on egocentric and allocentric neglect were reviewed. DTx, which was employed in these studies, could be classified as follows: (1) software adaptation in traditional treatment, (2) VR game using the head-mount display as treatment, and (3) the development of a new digital program like ReMoVES. In addition, more studies and more effective results were reported for egocentric neglect than for allocentric neglect. In future studies, each effect on egocentric and allocentric neglect should be identified in detail with the appropriate use of differential evaluation and long-term application of independent DTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25949, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sang-Min Seo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea
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Lee SH, Lim BC, Jeong CY, Kim JH, Jang WH. Assessment tools for differential diagnosis of neglect: Focusing on egocentric neglect and allocentric neglect. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:8625-8633. [PMID: 36157805 PMCID: PMC9453377 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i24.8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are very few studies on the differential diagnosis between egocentric neglect (EN) and allocentric neglect (AN).
AIM To investigate the overall trend of the previously developed assessment tools by conducting a descriptive review of the studies on assessment tools that can perform a differential diagnosis of EN and AN.
METHODS The data were collected by using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The most commonly used search terms were “neglect”, “stroke”, “egocentric neglect”, and “allocentric neglect”.
RESULTS A total of seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed. We were able to confirm the research process, test method, and differential diagnosis criteria of the seven presented assessment tools from four studies on paper-based tests and three studies on computerized tests. The majority of the tests were carried out via the cancellation method using stimuli such as everyday objects or numbers. EN distinguished the left from right based on the test paper, while AN distinguished the left from right based on stimuli. In order to perform differential diagnosis, the difference in the number of left and right responses or non-responses was used based on the EN and AN criteria.
CONCLUSION It was confirmed that all the seven assessment tools can effectively perform differential diagnosis of EN and AN. This study may provide important data that can be used in clinical practice for differential diagnosis and future intervention planning for neglect patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeok Lee
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do 25949, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Chan Lim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do 25949, South Korea
| | - Chan-Young Jeong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do 25949, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do 25949, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do 25949, South Korea
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Mak J, Kocanaogullari D, Huang X, Kersey J, Shih M, Grattan ES, Skidmore ER, Wittenberg GF, Ostadabbas S, Akcakaya M. Detection of Stroke-Induced Visual Neglect and Target Response Prediction Using Augmented Reality and Electroencephalography. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2022; 30:1840-1850. [PMID: 35786558 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2022.3188184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We aim to build a system incorporating electroencephalography (EEG) and augmented reality (AR) that is capable of identifying the presence of visual spatial neglect (SN) and mapping the estimated neglected visual field. An EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) was used to identify those spatiospectral features that best detect participants with SN among stroke survivors using their EEG responses to ipsilesional and contralesional visual stimuli. Frontal-central delta and alpha, frontal-parietal theta, Fp1 beta, and left frontal gamma were found to be important features for neglect detection. Additionally, temporal analysis of the responses shows that the proposed model is accurate in detecting potentially neglected targets. These targets were predicted using common spatial patterns as the feature extraction algorithm and regularized discriminant analysis combined with kernel density estimation for classification. With our preliminary results, our system shows promise for reliably detecting the presence of SN and predicting visual target responses in stroke patients with SN.
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Moore M, Milosevich E, Beisteiner R, Bowen A, Checketts M, Demeyere N, Fordell H, Godefroy O, Laczó J, Rich T, Williams L, Woodward-Nutt K, Husain M. Rapid screening for neglect following stroke: A systematic search and European Academy of Neurology recommendations. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:2596-2606. [PMID: 35510782 PMCID: PMC9544365 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Unilateral neglect is a common cognitive disorder following stroke. Neglect has a significant impact on functional outcomes, so it is important to detect. However, there is no consensus on which are the best screening tests to administer to detect neglect in time‐limited clinical environments. Methods Members of the European Academy of Neurology Scientific Panel on Higher Cortical Functions, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, and researchers produced recommendations for primary and secondary tests for bedside neglect testing based on a rigorous literature review, data extraction, online consensus meeting, and subsequent iterations. Results A total of 512 articles were screened, and 42 were included. These reported data from 3367 stroke survivors assessed using 62 neglect screens. Tests were grouped into cancellation, line bisection, copying, reading/writing, and behavioral. Cancellation tasks were most frequently used (97.6% of studies), followed by bisection, copying, behavioral, and reading/writing assessments. The panel recommended a cancellation test as the primary screening test if there is time to administer only one test. One of several cancellation tests might be used, depending on availability. If time permits, one or more of line bisection, figure copying, and baking tray task were recommended as secondary tests. Finally, if a functional and ecological test is feasible, the Catherine Bergego Scale was recommended. Overall, the literature suggests that no single test on its own is sufficient to exclude a diagnosis of neglect. Therefore, the panel recommended that multiple neglect tests should be used whenever possible. Conclusions This study provides consensus recommendations for rapid bedside detection of neglect in real‐world, clinical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Moore
- Dept Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Audrey Bowen
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew Checketts
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, MAHSC, UK
| | - Nele Demeyere
- Dept Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Olivier Godefroy
- Department of Neurology and Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Amiens University Medical Center, Jules Verne University of Picardy, Amiens, France
| | - Jan Laczó
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Timothy Rich
- Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, USA & Rutgers University, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lindy Williams
- Cognitive Aging and Impairment Neurosciences Lab, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate Woodward-Nutt
- Research and Innovation, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Masud Husain
- Dept Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Dept Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Carr DB, Grover P. The Role of Eye Tracking Technology in Assessing Older Driver Safety. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:E36. [PMID: 32517336 PMCID: PMC7345272 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature is focused on the use of eye tracking (ET) technology to understand the association between objective visual parameters and higher order brain processes such as cognition. One of the settings where this principle has found practical utility is in the area of driving safety. METHODS We reviewed the literature to identify the changes in ET parameters with older adults and neurodegenerative disease. RESULTS This narrative review provides a brief overview of oculomotor system anatomy and physiology, defines common eye movements and tracking variables that are typically studied, explains the most common methods of eye tracking measurements during driving in simulation and in naturalistic settings, and examines the association of impairment in ET parameters with advanced age and neurodegenerative disease. CONCLUSION ET technology is becoming less expensive, more portable, easier to use, and readily applicable in a variety of clinical settings. Older adults and especially those with neurodegenerative disease may have impairments in visual search parameters, placing them at risk for motor vehicle crashes. Advanced driver assessment systems are becoming more ubiquitous in newer cars and may significantly reduce crashes related to impaired visual search, distraction, and/or fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Carr
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Prateek Grover
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA;
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