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Teixeira J, Gonçalves H, Ferrand N, García-París M, Recuero E. Mitochondrial phylogeography of the Iberian endemic frog Rana iberica, with implications for its conservation. Curr Zool 2018; 64:755-764. [PMID: 30538735 PMCID: PMC6280099 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic characterization of species using phylogeographic approaches represents a basic reference to understand their evolutionary history as well as to identify conservation priorities to protect areas of particular interest regarding evolutionary potential. Even in well-studied regions such information is lacking for the majority of species, including many endemic species with reduced distribution ranges. We investigate the phylogeographic pattern of the Iberian frog Rana iberica, an endemic amphibian restricted to Central and North-Western Iberian Peninsula. Using mitochondrial sequences, we reconstruct the phylogeographic history of the species to test the effect of Quaternary climate changes on the evolutionary diversification of lineages, that is, the differentiation of mitochondrial lineages and the formation of genetic diversity melting pots, and integrate phylogeographic evidence for future conservation planning. Our results indicate the existence of 3 main mitochondrial lineages differentiated during the Upper Pleistocene. Both historical demographic analyses and climatic niche modeling show a strong effect of glacial climate changes, suggesting recurrent range contractions and expansions. Under such circumstances, differentiation took place most likely by isolation in allopatric interglacial refugia. Secondary lineage admixture in northern Portugal generated a broad mixed zone with highest nucleotide diversity. Given its particular evolutionary potential, its reduced distribution and eventual threats under current climate change scenario, conservation priorities should focus on the isolated lineage from Sierra de Guadalupe.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Teixeira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Helena Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-InBIO), Universidade do Porto, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Portugal.,Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto (MHNC-UP), Praça Gomes Teixeira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Ferrand
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-InBIO), Universidade do Porto, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Portugal.,Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto (MHNC-UP), Praça Gomes Teixeira, Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mario García-París
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Calle de José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Recuero
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Calle de José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, Madrid, Spain
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Pereira RJ, Martínez-Solano I, Buckley D. Hybridization during altitudinal range shifts: nuclear introgression leads to extensive cyto-nuclear discordance in the fire salamander. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:1551-65. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J. Pereira
- Centre for GeoGenetics; Natural History Museum of Denmark; University of Copenhagen; Øster Voldgade 5-7 1350 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Iñigo Martínez-Solano
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-UCLM-CSIC-JCCM); Ronda de Toledo, s/n 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group; Department of Wetland Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC); Avenida Américo Vespucio, s/n 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - David Buckley
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales MNCN-CSIC; c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
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Limited gene flow and high genetic diversity in the threatened Betic midwife toad (Alytes dickhilleni): evolutionary and conservation implications. CONSERV GENET 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-014-0672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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CHIUCCHI JAMESE, GIBBS HL. Similarity of contemporary and historical gene flow among highly fragmented populations of an endangered rattlesnake. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:5345-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Blouin MS, Phillipsen IC, Monsen KJ. Population structure and conservation genetics of the Oregon spotted frog, Rana pretiosa. CONSERV GENET 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-010-0104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Beauclerc KB, Johnson B, White BN. Genetic rescue of an inbred captive population of the critically endangered Puerto Rican crested toad (Peltophryne lemur) by mixing lineages. CONSERV GENET 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-008-9782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Eckert CG, Samis KE, Lougheed SC. Genetic variation across species' geographical ranges: the central-marginal hypothesis and beyond. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:1170-88. [PMID: 18302683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 779] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in quantifying genetic population structure across the geographical ranges of species to understand why species might exhibit stable range limits and to assess the conservation value of peripheral populations. However, many assertions regarding peripheral populations rest on the long-standing but poorly tested supposition that peripheral populations exhibit low genetic diversity and greater genetic differentiation as a consequence of smaller effective population size and greater geographical isolation relative to geographically central populations. We reviewed 134 studies representing 115 species that tested for declines in within-population genetic diversity and/or increases in among-population differentiation towards range margins using nuclear molecular genetic markers. On average, 64.2% of studies detected the expected decline in diversity, 70.2% of those that tested for it showed increased differentiation and there was a positive association between these trends. In most cases, however, the difference in genetic diversity between central and peripheral population was not large. Although these results were consistent across plants and animals, strong taxonomic and biogeographical biases in the available studies call for a cautious generalization of these results. Despite the large number of studies testing these simple predictions, very few attempted to test possible mechanisms causing reduced peripheral diversity or increased differentiation. Almost no study incorporated a phylogeographical framework to evaluate historical influences on contemporary genetic patterns. Finally, there has been little effort to test whether these geographical trends in putatively neutral variation at marker loci are reflected by quantitative genetic trait variation, which is likely to influence the adaptive potential of populations across the geographical range.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Eckert
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6.
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Keyghobadi N. The genetic implications of habitat fragmentation for animalsThis review is one of a series dealing with some aspects of the impact of habitat fragmentation on animals and plants. This series is one of several virtual symposia focussing on ecological topics that will be published in the Journal from time to time. CAN J ZOOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/z07-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a rapid increase in the number of studies dealing with the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation, in large part because of the increasing accessibility of techniques for assessing molecular genetic variation in wild populations. This body of work is extremely diverse and encompasses a variety of approaches that define and measure both habitat fragmentation and its potential genetic impacts. Here, I summarize the main questions that are being addressed, and approaches being taken, in empirical studies of the genetic impacts of habitat fragmentation in animals. Considerable effort has been spent in documenting how levels of genetic diversity, and the spatial distribution of that diversity, are altered by habitat fragmentation. However, proportionately less effort has been invested in directly examining specific genetic and evolutionary processes that may affect the persistence of populations inhabiting fragmented landscapes: inbreeding depression, the loss of adaptive potential, and the accumulation of deleterious mutations. One area in which considerable progress has been made over the past decade is in the development and application of novel methods for inferring demographic and landscape ecological characteristics of animals, particularly dispersal patterns, using genetic tools. In this area, a significant integration of genetic and ecological approaches in the study of fragmented populations is occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusha Keyghobadi
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, BGS 234a, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada (e-mail: )
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Ficetola GF, Garner TWJ, De Bernardi F. Genetic diversity, but not hatching success, is jointly affected by postglacial colonization and isolation in the threatened frog, Rana latastei. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:1787-97. [PMID: 17444892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Both postglacial colonization and habitat fragmentation can reduce the genetic diversity of populations, which in turn can affect fitness. However, since these processes occur at different spatial and temporal scales, the consequences of either process may differ. To disentangle the relative role of isolation and postglacial colonization in determining genetic diversity and fitness, we studied microsatellite diversity of 295 individuals from 10 populations and measured the hatch rate of 218 clutches from eight populations of a threatened frog, R. latastei. The populations that were affected by fragmentation to a greater extent suffered higher embryo mortality and reduced hatch rate, while no effects of distance from glacial refugium on hatch rate were detected. Altogether, distance from glacial refugium and isolation explained > 90% of variation in genetic diversity. We found that the genetic diversity was lowest in populations both isolated and far from the glacial refugium, and that distance from refugium seems to have the primary role in determining genetic diversity. The relationship between genetic diversity and hatch rate was not significant. However, the proportion of genetic diversity lost through recent isolation had a significant, negative effect on fitness. It is possible that selection at least partially purged the negative effects of the ancestral loss of genetic diversity.
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Martínez-Solano I, Teixeira J, Buckley D, García-París M. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of Lissotriton boscai (Caudata, Salamandridae): evidence for old, multiple refugia in an Iberian endemic. Mol Ecol 2006; 15:3375-88. [PMID: 16968276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In Europe, southern peninsulas served as refugia during cold periods in the Pleistocene, acting both as centres of origin of endemisms and as sources from which formerly glaciated areas were recolonized during interglacial periods. Previous studies have revealed that within the main refugial areas, intraspecific lineages often survived in allopatric refugia. We analysed two mitochondrial markers (nad4, control region, approximately 1.4 kb) in 103 individuals representing the entire distribution of Lissotriton boscai, a newt endemic to the western Iberian Peninsula. We inferred the evolutionary history of the species through phylogenetic, phylogeographic and historical demographic analyses. The results revealed unexpected, deep levels of geographically structured genetic variability. We identified two main evolutionary lineages, each containing three well-supported clades. The first historical split involved populations from central-southwestern coastal Portugal and the ancestor of all the remaining populations around 5.8 million years ago. Both lineages were subsequently fragmented into different population groups between 2.5 and 1.2 million years ago. According to nested clade analysis, at lower hierarchical levels the patterns suggest restricted gene flow with isolation by distance, whereas at higher levels the clades exhibit signatures of contiguous range expansion. Bayesian Skyline Plots show recent bottlenecks, followed by demographic expansions in all lineages. The significant genetic structure found is consistent with long-term survival of populations in allopatric refugia, supporting the 'refugia-within-refugia' scenario for southern European peninsulas. The comparison of our results with other co-distributed species highlights the generality of this hypothesis for the Iberian herpetofauna and suggests that Mediterranean refuges had more relevance for the composition and distribution of present biodiversity patterns than currently acknowledged. We briefly discuss the taxonomic and conservation implications of our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Martínez-Solano
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C., c/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Pabijan M, Babik W. Genetic structure in northeastern populations of the Alpine newt (Triturus alpestris): evidence for post-Pleistocene differentiation. Mol Ecol 2006; 15:2397-407. [PMID: 16842414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.02954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation in 13 populations of the Alpine newt, Triturus alpestris, was assessed at the northeastern margin of its range (southern Poland). Variation at six microsatellite loci was scored in 354 newts, and two mitochondrial DNA fragments (c. 2000 bp) were sequenced in a subset of 27 individuals. Significant differences in allele frequencies and the presence of private alleles determined genetic units corresponding to three separate mountain ranges, i.e. the Carpathian, Sudetes and Holy Cross Mountains. F(ST)'s were three times greater in among than in within mountain range pairwise comparisons. An assignment test and pairwise F(ST)'s suggested relatively high levels of gene flow at the local level, although the Sudetes populations revealed some subtle structuring. Genetic variation was lower in the Carpathians and Holy Cross Mountains. The geographic pattern of mitochondrial DNA variation indicated that these newt populations originated from a single glacial refugium/founder population, and that the colonization of southern Poland took place in an easterly direction. The data show that substantial neutral variation and between group divergence has accumulated relatively quickly in these low-vagility organisms. The Alpine newt case exemplifies species history as a factor determining patterns of genetic diversity in marginal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pabijan
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
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