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Large JF, Roalfe A, Madigan C, Daley AJ. Acceptance among the public of weight screening and interventions delivered by dental professionals: observational study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 39165072 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the acceptability to the public of receiving weight screening and the offer of support to lose weight from dental teams. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with recruitment of adults from dental practices and community and hospital settings in England and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Be Part of Research initiative. RESULTS A total of 3580 participants were recruited across 22 dental sites and the NIHR Be Part of Research initiative. Sixty percent (n = 2055/3430) of participants reported that they would be comfortable with their height and weight being measured at a dental appointment. Male participants and those of non-White race and ethnicity had significantly increased odds of accepting weight screening (odds ratio [OR]: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.66-2.36; OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.42-3.03). Fifty-seven percent (n = 1915/3375) of participants reported that it would be acceptable for their dental team to offer support to help with weight management. Male participants and those of non-White race and ethnicity had significantly increased odds of accepting support (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.49-2.13; OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.11-2.37). The most accepted form of support was provision of information on local weight-management programs (n = 1989/2379, 83.6%). CONCLUSIONS The public is largely receptive to receiving weight screening and the offer of weight interventions from dental teams. Feasibility studies to test the implementation of lifestyle weight interventions in dental settings are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Large
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behavior, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Andrea Roalfe
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behavior, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Claire Madigan
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behavior, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behavior, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Large JF, Madigan C, Graham H, Biddle GJH, Sanders J, Daley AJ. Public and dental teams' views about weight management interventions in dental health settings: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13726. [PMID: 38343102 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Collaborative approaches across healthcare to address obesity are needed but intervention in dental settings is not widely implemented. Here we systematically synthesized the views of both the public and dental teams about delivering weight management interventions in dental settings and identified potential barriers to implementation. A systematic review of five databases from inception to April 3, 2023 was completed. Proportional meta-analyses were performed with quantitative data and thematic analysis of qualitative data. A total of 7851 studies were screened and 33 included in the review. The prevalence of height and weight screening in dental settings varied (4%-87%) with an average of 29% undertaking screening (p = <0.01; 95% CI: 14%-46%). A significant proportion of the public were supportive of weight screening in dental settings (83%; p = <0.01; 95% CI:76%-88%). Significant barriers to providing weight screening and/or intervention included fear of offending patients (57%; 95% CI: 45%-68%) and a lack of time (48%; 95% CI: 30%-66%). Qualitative data revealed further barriers including stigmatizing views of dental teams toward people living with overweight/obesity. Enablers of weight discussion included associating weight with oral health. Overall, whilst some barriers were identified, there is potential for weight management interventions to be used more routinely in dental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Large
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Claire Madigan
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Henrietta Graham
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Gregory J H Biddle
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - James Sanders
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Malik Z, Higgins D, Williams K, Cockrell D, E Collins C. Weight stigma among dental professionals and in the dental setting: a scoping review. Br Dent J 2023:10.1038/s41415-023-6501-6. [PMID: 37978218 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Weight stigma refers to discriminatory acts and ideologies targeted towards individuals because of their body weight and/or size. Weight stigma in healthcare settings generates major health disparities. To date, there have been no previous reviews exploring the issue of weight stigma among dental professionals (DPs) and in the dental setting.Aims To synthesise current evidence on weight stigma among DPs and in dental care settings via a scoping review.Methods A comprehensive search was carried out across four relevant electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Psychinfo and Cinahl). A total of 25 full-text papers were included in the scoping review.Results Most papers addressed the subject of weight stigma as a secondary finding (20 papers). Both quantitative and qualitative study methods were used to explore weight stigma across the broad categories of attitudes and beliefs about obesity, weight-based discussions, obesity education and training and service implications of obesity. Recommendations regarding weight stigma among DPs and in the dental setting were proposed but have not been formally assessed.Conclusion Further studies addressing weight stigma in dental settings, including causes and consequences among DPs, are required to better inform and address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanab Malik
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Denise Higgins
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn Williams
- Nepean Blue Mountains Family Metabolic Health Service, Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre-Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Cockrell
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Oral Health), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- The University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences (Nutrition and Dietetics), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, New South Wales, Australia; Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia
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Frithioff-Bøjsøe C, Lund MAV, Lausten-Thomsen U, Fonvig CE, Lankjær IOJ, Hansen T, Hansen T, Baker JL, Holm JC. Early detection of childhood overweight and related complications in a Danish population-based cohort aged 2-8 years. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:228-234. [PMID: 35514021 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight in early childhood often tracks into adolescence and adulthood and early childhood is a critical period for developing sustained overweight. This study aims to investigate the early detection of childhood overweight (including obesity) and related cardiometabolic complications in a Danish population-based cohort of children aged 2.5-8 years in collaboration with primary care municipal dental clinics and public health nurses. METHODS In this prospective population-based cohort study, 335 pre-school children (age 2.5 and 5 years) were recruited from municipal dental clinics, and 657 school children (age 6-8 years) by public health nurses. A subgroup of 392 children (40%) participated in additional hospital-based examinations including blood pressure measurement and a blood sample. Children were re-examined approximately one year later. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight was 13.73% in pre-school children and 13.69% in school children at baseline. In the pre-school children, differences in cardiometabolic risk markers between children with and without overweight were minor, whereas in school children with overweight, cardiometabolic derangements were manifest including significantly higher levels of fasting glucose, insulin, homoeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. During follow-up the prevalence of overweight did not change in pre-school children but increased to 17.0% in school children. CONCLUSIONS Existing contacts with the primary health care sector, including dental care, can successfully be used for detection of overweight. This study suggests that early detection should be initiated at pre-school ages since overweight-related complications are already established by school ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Morten Asp Vonsild Lund
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen
- Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cilius Esmann Fonvig
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Paediatrics, Kolding Hospital a Part of Lillebælt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Ida Olivia Juhl Lankjær
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Tina Hansen
- Department of Dental Care, Holbæk Municipality, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jennifer Lyn Baker
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Research and Disease Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Arora A, Rana K, Manohar N, Li L, Bhole S, Chimoriya R. Perceptions and Practices of Oral Health Care Professionals in Preventing and Managing Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:1809. [PMID: 35565777 PMCID: PMC9099995 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the perceptions of oral health care professionals (OHCPs) on childhood overweight and obesity screening and management in oral health settings in the Greater Sydney region in New South Wales, Australia. OHCPs involved in the Healthy Smiles Healthy Kids (HSHK) birth cohort study were purposively selected for this nested qualitative study. A sample of 15 OHCPs completed the face-to-face interviews, and thematic analysis was undertaken to identify and analyse the contextual patterns and themes. Three major themes emerged: (1) obesity prevention and management in dental practice; (2) barriers and enablers to obesity prevention and management in dental settings; and (3) the role of oral health professionals in promoting healthy weight status. This study found that OHCPs are well-positioned and supportive in undertaking obesity screening and management in their routine clinical practice. However, their practices are limited due to barriers such as time constraints, limited knowledge, and limited referral pathways. Strategies including capacity building of OHCPs, development of appropriate training programs and resources, and identification of a clear specialist referral pathway are needed to address the current barriers. This study provides an insight into opportunities for the oral health workforce in promoting healthy weight status among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.R.); (N.M.); (R.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Kritika Rana
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.R.); (N.M.); (R.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Narendar Manohar
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.R.); (N.M.); (R.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Australian College of Physical Education, Sydney Olympic Park, NSW 2127, Australia
| | - Li Li
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;
| | - Sameer Bhole
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ritesh Chimoriya
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.R.); (N.M.); (R.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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Arora A, Poudel P, Manohar N, Bhole S, Baur LA. The role of oral health care professionals in preventing and managing obesity: A systematic review of current practices and perceived barriers. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13:217-225. [PMID: 30987885 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing interest to expand the role of oral health care professionals in obesity prevention and management. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence on current practices of, and perceived barriers to, oral health care professionals' involvement in obesity screening and management. METHODS Key search strings were developed and used in seven databases from inception through February 6, 2019. Data were screened against inclusion criteria, independently extracted, and quality appraised by two reviewers based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. RESULTS Ten studies were included in this review. The practices of oral health care professionals in relation to obesity assessment, counseling, and specialist referrals were found to be very limited. Oral health care professionals believed in their role to support patients for achieving weight-loss goals, however just over one-third were trained in anthropometry. Perceived barriers included lack of time, limited knowledge or training, patients' unwillingness to listen to oral health care professionals' advice, and lack of appropriate specialist referrals. CONCLUSION Oral health care professionals are well-positioned and supportive in undertaking healthy weight interventions in their clinical practice; however, their practices are limited due to barriers such as lack of time, limited training and lack of referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; Oral Health Services and Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Prakash Poudel
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes & Research Translation (COHORT), Schoolof Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia
| | - Narendar Manohar
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Sameer Bhole
- Oral Health Services and Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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Paediatric dentists' identification and management of underweight and overweight children. Br Dent J 2018; 225:657-661. [PMID: 30310193 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Dental caries and obesity are growing challenges for the NHS. Dentists are in the unique position of being able to identify both conditions and intervene, following UK government strategy of 'making every contact count'. Aims Identify specialists in paediatric dentistry's (SPD) current practice regarding diagnosis and management of underweight or overweight/obese children presenting to dental services. Materials and methods An online survey was emailed to the UK SPD group. Questions investigated whether height, weight or body mass index (BMI) were measured, actions taken, and dentists' feelings regarding their role. Results 49/118 (42%) SPDs responded. All felt they had a responsibility to identify underweight or overweight/obese children. Around a quarter (26%) measured BMI 'always' or 'often', while 37% did not measure BMI. Only 41% of SPDs who measured BMI took action more than twice in a year. Most commonly (90%) the child's GP was informed. Conclusions SPDs were supportive of the identification of underweight or overweight/obese children. However, many felt uncertain about BMI interpretation. Thus, few routinely measured BMI or acted on abnormal results. SPDs would benefit from training, alongside development of a local protocol, regarding BMI calculation and interpretation.
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Villarosa AR, George D, Ramjan LM, Srinivas R, George A. The role of dental practitioners in addressing overweight and obesity among children: A scoping review of current interventions and strategies. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 12:405-415. [PMID: 30082247 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the growing prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide, there is a need for interventions to identify and address overweight and obesity in childhood. Although guidelines recommend general practitioners routinely screen for overweight and obesity among children, research suggests this is often not done. To address this, dental practitioners may be able to play a role in identifying and addressing overweight and obesity among children. METHODS This review aimed to explore the evidence and efficacy of existing obesity and overweight interventions targeting children in the dental setting. A systematic search of nine electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant published and grey literature. This was expanded to also include strategies for promoting oral health in the dental setting. RESULTS A total of 11 records were included in this review, which focussed on the current role and effectiveness of dental practitioners in addressing obesity among children, and the available strategies and resources. Although there was a paucity of research on the training of dental practitioners in this area and their efficacy in identifying and addressing obesity among children, evidence suggests that parents found it acceptable for dental practitioners to promote healthy practices to children who experience overweight or obesity. This review also identified screening tools and strategies for identifying and addressing overweight and obesity among children in dental practice. CONCLUSION There is a clear role for dental practitioners in addressing overweight and obesity among children, however further research is required to identify the most effective interventions to implement in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Villarosa
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT), Liverpool 1871, Australia; Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia; South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool 1871, Australia.
| | - David George
- Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia
| | - Lucie M Ramjan
- Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool 1871, Australia; Centre for Applied Nursing Research (CANR), Liverpool 1871, Australia
| | - Ravi Srinivas
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT), Liverpool 1871, Australia; Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia; South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool 1871, Australia; University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Ajesh George
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT), Liverpool 1871, Australia; Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia; South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool 1871, Australia; University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
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Karasz A, Bonuck K. Reducing pediatric caries and obesity risk in South Asian immigrants: randomized controlled trial of common health/risk factor approach. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:680. [PMID: 29855352 PMCID: PMC5984363 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This paper describes the design and methods of a multi-phase study to reduce early childhood caries and obesity in vulnerable South Asian (SA) immigrants in the United States. Early childhood caries and obesity are the most common diseases of early childhood. Risk factors for both diseases are rooted in early childhood feeding practices such as bottle feeding and intake of sweets and sweetened beverages. The Common Health/Risk Factor Approach to addressing oral health is widely promoted by the WHO and other policy makers. This approach recognizes links between oral health and other diseases of modernity. Our CHALO! (“Child Health Action to Lower Obesity and Oral health risk”--from a Hindi word meaning "Let's go!") study targets SA families at high risk for early childhood caries and obesity. CHALO! addresses common risk factors associated with these two common diseases of childhood. Methods This two part project includes a randomized controlled trial, and a Knowledge Translation campaign. A randomized controlled trial will enroll n = 360 families from pediatric practices serving South Asians in the New York metro area. The intervention group will receive home visits by SA community health workers at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 months of age. Controls will receive culturally tailored educational material. Primary outcomes-- cariogenic and obesogenic feeding practices at 6, 12, and 18 months-- will be assessed with the MySmileBuddy iPad based tool. Secondary outcomes include: oral hygiene practices, anthropometrics, and caries incidence at 18 months. A public education campaign will focus on both families and health care providers. Discussion There are few Common Health/Risk Factor Approach published studies on obesity and oral health risk in children, despite health morbidity and costs associated with both conditions. CHALO! comprises a multi-level interventions designed to promote culturally competent, sustainable change. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT03077425. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5317-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Karasz
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA.
| | - Karen Bonuck
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
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10
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Ha DH, Spencer AJ, Thomson WM, Scott JA, Do LG. Commonality of Risk Factors for Mothers' Poor Oral Health and General Health: Baseline Analysis of a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study. Matern Child Health J 2018; 22:617-625. [PMID: 29396632 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective The association between and commonality of risk factors for poor self-rated oral health (SROH) and general health (SRGH) among new mothers has not been reported. The purpose of this paper is to assess the commonality of risk factors for poor SROH and SRGH, and self-reported obesity and dental pain, among a population-based sample of new mothers in Australia. It also investigated health conditions affecting new mothers' general health. Methods Data collected at baseline of a population-based birth cohort was used. Mothers of newborns in Adelaide were approached to participate. Mothers completed a questionnaire collecting data on socioeconomic status (SES), health behaviours, dental pain, SROH, self-reported height and weight and SRGH. Analysis was conducted sequentially from bivariate to multivariable regression to estimate prevalence rate (PR) of reporting poor/fair SROH and SRGH. Results of the 1895 new mothers, some 21 and 6% rated their SROH and SRGH as poor/fair respectively. Dental pain was associated with low income and smoking status, while being obese was associated with low SES, low education and infrequent tooth brushing. SROH and SRGH was associated with low SES, smoking, and dental pain. SROH was also associated with SRGH [PR: 3.06 (2.42-3.88)]. Conclusion for practice There was a commonality of factors associated with self-rated oral health and general health. Strong associations between OH and GH were also observed. Given the importance of maternal health for future generations, there would be long-term societal benefit from addressing common risk factors for OH and GH in integrated programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep H Ha
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - A John Spencer
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Loc G Do
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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