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Asim M, Wang H, Waris A. Altered neurotransmission in stress-induced depressive disorders: The underlying role of the amygdala in depression. Neuropeptides 2023; 98:102322. [PMID: 36702033 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the second leading cause of disability in the world population, for which currently available pharmacological therapies either have poor efficacy or have some adverse effects. Accumulating evidence from clinical and preclinical studies demonstrates that the amygdala is critically implicated in depressive disorders, though the underlying pathogenesis mechanism needs further investigation. In this literature review, we overviewed depression and the key role of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Glutamate neurotransmission in depression. Notably, we discussed a new cholecystokinin-dependent plastic changes mechanism under stress and a possible antidepressant response of cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) antagonist. Moreover, we discussed the fundamental role of the amygdala in depression, to discuss and understand the pathophysiology of depression and the inclusive role of the amygdala in this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Department of Biomedical science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 0000, Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen research institute, Shenzhen 518507, PR China; Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 0000, Hong Kong.
| | - Huajie Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen research institute, Shenzhen 518507, PR China; Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 0000, Hong Kong
| | - Abdul Waris
- Department of Biomedical science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 0000, Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen research institute, Shenzhen 518507, PR China
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2
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Chronic Administration of 7,8-DHF Lessens the Depression-like Behavior of Juvenile Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Treated Rats at Their Adult Age. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122169. [PMID: 34959450 PMCID: PMC8704538 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among the global youth and commonly results in long-lasting sequelae, including paralysis, epilepsy, and a host of mental disorders such as major depressive disorder. Previous studies were mainly focused on severe TBI as it occurs in adults. This study explored the long-term adverse effect of mild TBI in juvenile animals (mTBI-J). Male Sprague Dawley rats received mTBI-J or sham treatment at six weeks old, then underwent behavioral, biochemical, and histological experiments three weeks later (at nine weeks old). TTC staining, H&E staining, and brain edema measurement were applied to evaluate the mTBI-J induced cerebral damage. The forced swimming test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were applied for measuring depression-like behavior. The locomotor activity test (LAT) was performed to examine mTBI-J treatment effects on motor function. After the behavioral experiments, the dorsal hippocampus (dHip) and ventral hippocampus (vHip) were dissected out for western blotting to examine the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Finally, a TrkB agonist 7,8-DHF was injected intraperitoneally to evaluate its therapeutic effect on the mTBI-J induced behavioral abnormalities at the early adult age. Results showed that a mild brain edema occurred, but no significant neural damage was found in the mTBI-J treated animals. In addition, a significant increase of depression-like behaviors was observed in the mTBI-J treated animals; the FST revealed an increase in immobility, and a decrease in sucrose consumption was found in the mTBI-J treated animals. There were no differences observed in the total distance traveled of the LAT and the fall latency of the rotarod test. The hippocampal BDNF expression, but not the TrkB, were significantly reduced in mTBI-J, and the mTBI-J treatment-induced depression-like behavior was lessened after four weeks of 7,8-DHF administration. Collectively, these results indicate that even a mild juvenile TBI treatment that did not produce motor deficits or significant histological damage could have a long-term adverse effect that could be sustained to adulthood, which raises the depression-like behavior in the adult age. In addition, chronic administration of 7,8-DHF lessens the mTBI-J treatment-induced depression-like behaviors in adult rats. We suggest the potential usage of 7,8-DHF as a therapeutic agent for preventing the long-term adverse effect of mTBI-J.
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Lanshakov DA, Sukhareva EV, Bulygina VV, Bannova AV, Shaburova EV, Kalinina TS. Single neonatal dexamethasone administration has long-lasting outcome on depressive-like behaviour, Bdnf, Nt-3, p75ngfr and sorting receptors (SorCS1-3) stress reactive expression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8092. [PMID: 33854153 PMCID: PMC8046778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated glucocorticoid level in the early postnatal period is associated with glucocorticoid therapy prescribed at preterm delivery most often has severe long-lasting neurodevelopmental and behavioural effects. Detailed molecular mechanisms of such programming action of antenatal glucocorticoids on behaviour are still poorly understood. To address this question we studied neurotrophins: Bdnf, Nt-3, Ngf and their receptors: p75ngfr, Sorcs3 expression changes after subcutaneous dexamethasone (DEX) 0.2 mg/kg injection to P2 rat pups. Neurotrophins expression level was studied in the hippocampus (HPC). Disturbances in these brain regions have been implicated in the emergence of multiple psychopathologies. p75ngfr and Sorcs3 expression was studied in the brainstem—region where monoamine neurons are located. Immunohistochemically P75NTR protein level changes after DEX were investigated in the brainstem Locus Coereleus norepinephrine neurons (NE). In the first hours after DEX administration elevation of neurotrophins expression in HPC and decline of receptor’s expression in the NE brainstem neurons were observed. Another critical time point during maturation is adolescence. Impact of elevated glucocorticoid level in the neonatal period and unpredictable stress (CMUS) at the end of adolescence on depressive-like behaviour was studied. Single neonatal DEX injection leads to decrease in depressive-like behaviour, observed in FST, independently from chronic stress. Neonatal DEX administration decreased Ntf3 and SorCS1 expression in the brainstem. Also Bdnf mRNA level in the brainstem of these animals didn’t decrease after FST. CMUS at the end of adolescence changed p75ngfr and SorCS3 expression in the brainstem in the animals that received single neonatal DEX administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Lanshakov
- Laboratory of Postgenomics Neurobiology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090.
| | - E V Sukhareva
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090
| | - V V Bulygina
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090
| | - A V Bannova
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090
| | - E V Shaburova
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090
| | - T S Kalinina
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090
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Dhuriya YK, Sharma D. Neuronal Plasticity: Neuronal Organization is Associated with Neurological Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1684-1701. [PMID: 32504405 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli from stressful events, attention in the classroom, and many other experiences affect the functionality of the brain by changing the structure or reorganizing the connections between neurons and their communication. Modification of the synaptic transmission is a vital mechanism for generating neural activity via internal or external stimuli. Neuronal plasticity is an important driving force in neuroscience research, as it is the basic process underlying learning and memory and is involved in many other functions including brain development and homeostasis, sensorial training, and recovery from brain injury. Indeed, neuronal plasticity has been explored in numerous studies, but it is still not clear how neuronal plasticity affects the physiology and morphology of the brain. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of neuronal plasticity is essential for understanding the operation of brain functions. In this timeline review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying different forms of synaptic plasticity and their association with neurodegenerative/neurological disorders as a consequence of alterations in neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Dhuriya
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Divakar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India. .,CRF, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Kusuma School of Biological Sciences (KSBS), Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT-D), Delhi, 110016, India.
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Chen Q, Wang F, Zhang Y, Liu Y, An L, Ma Z, Zhang J, Yu S. Neonatal DEX exposure leads to hyperanxious and depressive-like behaviors as well as a persistent reduction of BDNF expression in developmental stages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:311-316. [PMID: 32446386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which regulates the neuronal survival, differentiation and synaptic plasticity, has been proved to play a critical role in the pathology and treatment of several psychiatric disorders including depression. Dexamethaone (DEX) is indicated for a number of conditions in perinatal medicine, however, the long-term impact of early-life DEX exposure on BDNF expression in hippocampus remains unknown. Here we found that neonatal DEX(ND) exposure leads to insignificant change of BDNF expression levels in the adulthood, albeit increased hyperanxious and depressive-like behaviors. However, the bdnf mRNA and BDNF protein levels were significantly reduced in all the hippocampal subregions during the developmental stages, including the perinatal period and puberty. We conclude that early life DEX exposure leads to a persistent disturbance of BDNF signaling during the developmental stages, which might be associated with the life-long impairment of hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Chen
- Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yunchao Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li An
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Tianjin Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Company Limited, Tianjin, 300399, China; Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Xin N, Jiang Y, Liu S, Zhou Y, Cheng Y. Effects of prednisolone on behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis activity in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 75:103325. [PMID: 31924570 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used clinically for treating allergies, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Long-term prednisolone use has been shown to have negative effects on physiology and mood. We aimed to study the pharmacology and toxicology of glucocorticoid-like drugs by investigating behavioral and hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis effects in a zebrafish model. Zebrafish embryos 24 h post fertilization were exposed to 25 μM prednisolone. Their behavior was investigated 5 days post fertilization (dpf), and their HPI axis-related activity and related neurotransmitter levels were investigated 3, 4, 5, and 6 dpf. The behavior results showed that exposure to prednisolone resulted in decreased autonomic activity and low sensitivity to light. qRT-PCR and ELISA results showed decreased activity of the HPI axis and increased secretion of dopamine and serotonin after exposure to prednisolone. This study provides us with new insights into understanding the effects of glucocorticoids on the HPI axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2, People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Yanlong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China.
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7
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Bondar NP, Reshetnikov VV, Burdeeva KV, Merkulova TI. Effect of neonatal dexamethasone treatment on cognitive abilities of adult male mice and gene expression in the hypothalamus. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2019. [DOI: 10.18699/vj19.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The early postnatal period is critical for the development of the nervous system. Stress during this period causes negative long-term effects, which are manifested at both behavioral and molecular levels. To simulate the elevated glucocorticoid levels characteristic of early-life stress, in our study we used the administration of dexamethasone, an agonist of glucocorticoid receptors, at decreasing doses at the first three days of life (0.5, 0.3, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.). In adult male mice with neonatal dexamethasone treatment, an increase in the relative weight of the adrenal glands and a decrease in body weight were observed, while the basal level of corticosterone remained unchanged. Dexamethasone treatment in early life had a negative impact on the learning and spatial memory of adult mice in the Morris water maze. We analyzed the effect of elevated glucocorticoid levels in early life on the expression of the Crh, Avp, Gr, and Mr genes involved in the regulation of the HPA axis in the hypothalami of adult mice. The expression level of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (Mr) was significantly downregulated, and the glucocorticoid receptor gene (Gr) showed a tendency towards decreased expression (p = 0.058) in male mice neonatally treated with dexamethasone, as compared with saline administration. The expression level of the Crh gene encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone was unchanged, while the expression of the vasopressin gene (Avp) was increased in response to neonatal administration of dexamethasone. The obtained results demonstrate a disruption of negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis, which involves glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, at the level of the hypothalamus. Malfunction of the HPA axis as a result of activation of the glucocorticoid system in early life may cause the development of cognitive impairment in the adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. P. Bondar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS;
Novosibirsk State University
| | | | | | - T. I. Merkulova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS;
Novosibirsk State University
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8
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Michaëlsson H, Andersson M, Svensson J, Karlsson L, Ehn J, Culley G, Engström A, Bergström N, Savvidi P, Kuhn H, Hanse E, Seth H. The novel antidepressant ketamine enhances dentate gyrus proliferation with no effects on synaptic plasticity or hippocampal function in depressive-like rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13211. [PMID: 30347138 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Major depressive disorder is a common and debilitating condition with substantial economic impact. Treatment options, although effective, are aimed at relieving the symptoms with limited disease modification. Ketamine, a commonly used anaesthetic, has received substantial attention as it shows rapid antidepressant effects clinically. We studied the effects of ketamine on hippocampal function and dentate gyrus proliferation in rats showing a depressive-like phenotype. METHODS Adolescent and adult animals were pre-natally exposed to the glucocorticoid analog dexamethasone, and we verified a depressive-like phenotype using behavioural tests, such as the sucrose preference. We subsequently studied the effects of ketamine on hippocampal synaptic transmission, plasticity and dentate gyrus proliferation. In addition, we measured hippocampal glutamate receptor expression. We also tested the ketamine metabolite hydroxynorketamine for NMDA-receptor independent effects. RESULTS Surprisingly, our extensive experimental survey revealed limited effects of ketamine or its metabolite on hippocampal function in control as well as depressive-like animals. We found no effects on synaptic efficacy or induction of long-term potentiation in adolescent and adult animals. Also there was no difference when comparing the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. Importantly, however, ketamine 24 hours prior to experimentation significantly increased the dentate gyrus proliferation, as revealed by Ki-67 immunostaining, in the depressive-like phenotype. CONCLUSION We find limited effects of ketamine on hippocampal glutamatergic transmission. Instead, alterations in dentate gyrus proliferation could explain the antidepressant effects of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Michaëlsson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mats Andersson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lars Karlsson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Johan Ehn
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Georgia Culley
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anders Engström
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Nicklas Bergström
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Parthenia Savvidi
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Hans‐Georg Kuhn
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Eric Hanse
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Henrik Seth
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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Neonatal Dexamethasone Treatment Suppresses Hippocampal Estrogen Receptor α Expression in Adolescent Female Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:2224-2233. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Fitzgerald E, Boardman JP, Drake AJ. Preterm Birth and the Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Is There a Role for Epigenetic Dysregulation? Curr Genomics 2018; 19:507-521. [PMID: 30386170 PMCID: PMC6158617 DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666171229144807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm Birth (PTB) accounts for approximately 11% of all births worldwide each year and is a profound physiological stressor in early life. The burden of neuropsychiatric and developmental impairment is high, with severity and prevalence correlated with gestational age at delivery. PTB is a major risk factor for the development of cerebral palsy, lower educational attainment and deficits in cognitive functioning, and individuals born preterm have higher rates of schizophrenia, autistic spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Factors such as gestational age at birth, systemic inflammation, respiratory morbidity, sub-optimal nutrition, and genetic vulnerability are associated with poor outcome after preterm birth, but the mechanisms linking these factors to adverse long term outcome are poorly understood. One potential mechanism linking PTB with neurodevelopmental effects is changes in the epigenome. Epigenetic processes can be defined as those leading to altered gene expression in the absence of a change in the underlying DNA sequence and include DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation and histone modifications. Such epigenetic modifications may be susceptible to environmental stimuli, and changes may persist long after the stimulus has ceased, providing a mechanism to explain the long-term consequences of acute exposures in early life. Many factors such as inflammation, fluctuating oxygenation and excitotoxicity which are known factors in PTB related brain injury, have also been implicated in epigenetic dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the potential role of epigenetic dysregulation in mediating the effects of PTB on neurodevelopmental outcome, with specific emphasis on DNA methylation and the α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase family of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda J. Drake
- Address correspondence to this author at the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Tel: 44 131 2426748; Fax: 44 131 2426779; E-mail:
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Xu YJ, Sheng H, Wu TW, Bao QY, Zheng Y, Zhang YM, Gong YX, Lu JQ, You ZD, Xia Y, Ni X. CRH/CRHR1 mediates prenatal synthetic glucocorticoid programming of depression-like behavior across 2 generations. FASEB J 2018. [PMID: 29543532 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700948rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant women at risk of preterm labor usually receive synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) to promote fetal lung development. Emerging evidence indicates that antenatal sGC increases the risk of affective disorders in offspring. Data from animal studies show that such disorders can be transmitted to the second generation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the intergenerational effects of prenatal sGC remain largely unknown. Here we show that prenatal dexamethasone (Dex) administration in late pregnancy induced depression-like behavior in first-generation (F1) offspring, which could be transmitted to second-generation (F2) offspring with maternal dependence. Moreover, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and CRH receptor type 1 (CRHR1) expression in the hippocampus was increased in F1 Dex offspring and F2 offspring from F1 Dex female rats. Administration of a CRHR1 antagonist to newborn F1 Dex offspring alleviated depression-like behavior in these rats at adult. Furthermore, we demonstrated that increased CRHR1 expression in F1 and F2 offspring was associated with hypomethylation of CpG islands in Crhr1 promoter. Our results revealed that prenatal sGC exposure could program Crh and Crhr1 gene expression in hippocampus across 2 generations, thereby leading to depression-like behavior. Our study indicates that prenatal sGC can cause epigenetic instability, which increases the risk of disease development in the offspring's later life.-Xu, Y.-J., Sheng, H., Wu, T.-W., Bao, Q.-Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y.-M., Gong, Y.-X., Lu, J.-Q., You, Z.-D., Xia, Y., Ni, X. CRH/CRHR1 mediates prenatal synthetic glucocorticoid programming of depression-like behavior across 2 generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Xu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Sheng
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Wen Wu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yue Bao
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Gong
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Lu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Dong You
- Department of Neurobiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Institute of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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[Effect of corticosterone on lissencephaly 1 expression in developing cerebral cortical neurons of fetal rats cultured in vitro]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19. [PMID: 28899473 PMCID: PMC7403054 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of corticosterone on the expression of the neuronal migration protein lissencephaly 1 (LIS1) in developing cerebral cortical neurons of fetal rats. METHODS The primary cultured cerebral cortical neurons of fetal Wistar rats were divided into control group, low-dose group, and high-dose group. The neurons were exposed to the medium containing different concentrations of corticosterone (0 μmol/L for the control group, 0.1 μmol/L for the low-dose group, and 1.0 μmol/L for the high-dose group). The neurons were collected at 1, 4, and 7 days after intervention. Western blot and immunocytochemical staining were used to observe the change in LIS1 expression in neurons. RESULTS Western blot showed that at 7 days after intervention, the low- and high-dose groups had significantly higher expression of LIS1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cerebral cortical neurons than the control group (P<0.05), and the high-dose group had significantly lower expression of LIS1 in the cytoplasm of cerebral cortical neurons than the low-dose group (P<0.05). Immunocytochemical staining showed that at 1, 4, and 7 days after corticosterone intervention, the high-dose group had a significantly lower mean optical density of LIS1 than the control group and the low-dose group (P<0.05). At 7 days after intervention, the low-dose group had a significantly lower mean optical density of LIS1 than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Corticosterone downregulates the expression of the neuronal migration protein LIS1 in developing cerebral cortical neurons of fetal rats cultured in vitro, and such effect depends on the concentration of corticosterone and duration of corticosterone intervention.
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The Role of Neural Plasticity in Depression: From Hippocampus to Prefrontal Cortex. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:6871089. [PMID: 28246558 PMCID: PMC5299163 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6871089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity, a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation, is disrupted in depression. The changes in neural plasticity induced by stress and other negative stimuli play a significant role in the onset and development of depression. Antidepressant treatments have also been found to exert their antidepressant effects through regulatory effects on neural plasticity. However, the detailed mechanisms of neural plasticity in depression still remain unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the recent literature to elaborate the possible mechanistic role of neural plasticity in depression. Taken together, these findings may pave the way for future progress in neural plasticity studies.
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Li E, Deng H, Wang B, Fu W, You Y, Tian S. Apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities in stressed rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:420-30. [PMID: 26853763 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled receptor (APJ). The localization of APJ in limbic structures suggests a potential role for apelin in emotional processes. However, the role of apelin in the regulation of stress-induced responses such as depression and memory impairment is largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the role of apelin-13 in the regulation of stress-induced depression and memory impairment in rats. We report that repeated intracerebroventricular injections of apelin-13 reversed behavioral despair (immobility) in the forced swim (FS) test, a model widely used for the selection of new antidepressant agents. Apelin-13 also reversed behavioral deficits (escape failure) in the learned helplessness test. The magnitude of the antiimmobility and anti-escape failure effects of apelin-13 was comparable to that of imipramine, a classic antidepressant used as a positive control. Rats exposed to FS stress showed memory performance impairment in the novel object recognition test, and this impairment was improved by apelin-13 treatment. Apelin-13 did not affect recognition memory performance in non-stressed rats. Furthermore, the pretreatment of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitors) or PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) blocked apelin-13-mediated activities in FS-stressed rats. These findings suggest that apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities through activating PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in stressed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Haifeng Deng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Wan Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yong You
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Shaowen Tian
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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