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Mohd Azmi AF, Mat Amin F, Ahmad H, Mohd Nor N, Meng GY, Zamri Saad M, Abu Bakar MZ, Abdullah P, Irawan A, Jayanegara A, Abu Hassim H. Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113042. [PMID: 34827775 PMCID: PMC8614549 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% bypass fat and 26% concentrate supplementations in buffalo basal diet had on both the carcass characteristics and the proximate and fatty acid composition in longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), supraspinatus (SS) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles of Murrah cross and swamp buffaloes. In addition, profit and loss analyses were performed to determine the profitability. This study employed a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two diets, two breeds and four replicates per treatment. A total of sixteen buffaloes (eight buffaloes per breed, bodyweight 98.64 ± 1.93 kg) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups. The first group was given Diet A, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 30% concentrate, whereas the second group was given Diet B, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 26% concentrate + 4% bypass fat. The buffaloes were fed for 730 days before slaughter. The results showed that supplemented bypass fat significantly (p < 0.05) increased the pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, meat:fat ratio, pH at 24 h, moisture and crude protein of LTL, ST and SS, the ether extract of LTL and ST and the meat fatty acid of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, PUFA n-6/n-3 and total MUFA. The carcass yield and carcass fat percentages, the ash content in ST, the EE in the SS muscle and the meat fatty acid of C18:3, total PUFA n-3, UFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Furthermore, Murrah cross showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, carcass bone percentage and total fatty acid, but a lower (p < 0.05) meat:bone ratio, ash of LTL and CP of LTL and ST when compared to swamp buffaloes. No significant changes were found in the proximate composition of different types of muscle, but the ST muscle revealed significantly high C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1, and the SS muscle had high C18:2 and total fatty acid (p < 0.05). Supplementing using bypass fat increased the cost of buffalo feeding but resulted in a higher revenue and net profit. In conclusion, the concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the buffalo diet could alter the nutrient compositions of buffalo meat without a detrimental effect on carcass characteristics, leading to a higher profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Fhaisol Mat Amin
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Hafandi Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Norhariani Mohd Nor
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Goh Yong Meng
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Mohd Zamri Saad
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Punimin Abdullah
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia;
| | - Agung Irawan
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia;
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Hasliza Abu Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9769-3417
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González L, Moreno T, Bispo E, Dugan MER, Franco D. Effect of supplementing different oils: linseed, sunflower and soybean, on animal performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profile of veal from "Rubia Gallega" calves. Meat Sci 2013; 96:829-36. [PMID: 24200577 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fatty acid (FA) composition of longisimus dorsi (LD) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) from Rubia Gallega (RG) calves was compared for three dietary oil sources (linseed, LO; sunflower, SFO or soybean, SYO). Oils were added (4.5%) to a commercial concentrate and no differences on animal performance, carcass characteristics or meat quality among diets were noted. Total n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) increased in LD and SCF when feeding LO diet (P<0.001). The trans(t) FA profiles were dominated by t11-18:1, except when feeding SFO diet, where ∑t6- to t10-18:1 exceeded t11-18:1 leading the highest (∑t6-to t10-18:1)/t11-18:11 ratio in LD (P<0.05). The overall changes in n-3 PUFA and t18:1 when feeding LO and SYO could be viewed as positive for human health, but quantitatively it was apparent that most dietary PUFA were completely biohydrogenated. Inhibiting PUFA biohydrogenation will be an important next step to improve the FA composition of RG cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura González
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo (C.I.A.M), INGACAL, Apdo 10, 15080 A Coruña, Spain.
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Bispo E, Monserrat L, González L, Franco D, Moreno T. Effect of weaning status on animal performance and meat quality of Rubia Gallega calves. Meat Sci 2010; 86:832-8. [PMID: 20692108 PMCID: PMC7158686 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effect of weaning calves at different ages (NW = not weaned, W5 = 5.5 months old and W2 = weaned after being born and then fed with natural Holstein Friesian milk until 2 months old), on animal performance and carcass and Longissimus thoracis muscle quality, was studied in 36 eight month-old Rubia Gallega calves. Feed ingestions, weight gains, slaughter (SW) and carcass weights (CW), carcass conformation and fat scores, and meat characteristics (24 hours postmortem): colour, pH, water holding capacity, chemical composition and texture (Warner Bratzler (WB) test, sensory panel), were studied. NW calves showed the highest SW and CW (P < 0.001). Yellowness (b*), redness (a*) and chroma (C*) were higher in NW than W2 calves (P < 0.05). Shear firmness was higher in W2 than in NW and W5 veal. W2 veal was less elastic (P < 0.05), tender (P < 0.05) and juicy (P < 0.01) than NW and W5 veal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Bispo
- Department of Animal Production, Mabegondo Research Centre (INGACAL), Apdo 10, 15080 A Coruña, Spain
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