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Pewan SB, Otto JR, Kinobe RT, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO. Nutritional Enhancement of Health Beneficial Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Muscle, Liver, Kidney, and Heart of Tattykeel Australian White MARGRA Lambs Fed Pellets Fortified with Omega-3 Oil in a Feedlot System. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090912. [PMID: 34571789 PMCID: PMC8465306 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The problem addressed in this research was the possibility of enhancing the nutritional value and health beneficial omega-3 long-chain fatty acid content of lamb and its edible components. The aims and objectives were to evaluate the omega-3 contents of muscle, liver, kidney, and heart of lot-fed Tattykeel Australian White lambs of the MARGRA brand, in response to dietary supplementation with or without omega-3 oil fortified pellets. The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of omega-3 oil in feedlot diets of lambs enhances the human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of edible muscle tissue and organs without compromising meat quality or shelf life. These results are valuable to society because of increased functionality, health benefits, micro-marbling, tender, mouth-melting taste, and high-end eating quality experience of MARGRA lamb tissues and organs. Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional enhancement of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) composition of edible lamb Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle, heart, kidney, and liver in response to dietary supplementation of lot-fed lambs with or without omega-3 oil fortified pellets. The hypothesis tested was that fortifying feedlot pellets with omega-3 oil will enhance the human health beneficial n-3 LC-PUFA composition of edible lamb muscle tissue and organs. Seventy-five Tattykeel Australian White lambs exclusive to the MARGRA brand, with an average body weight of 30 kg at six months of age, were randomly assigned to the following three dietary treatments of 25 lambs each, and lot-fed as a cohort for 47 days in a completely randomized experimental design: (1) Control grain pellets without oil plus hay; (2) Omega-3 oil fortified grain pellets plus hay; and (3) Commercial whole grain pellets plus hay. All lambs had ad libitum access to the basal hay diet and water. Post-slaughter fatty acid composition of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle, liver, kidney, and heart were determined using thee gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry technique. Results indicated significant variations (p < 0.05) in fatty acid profiles between tissues and organs. Omega-3 oil fortified pellets significantly (p < 0.05) increased ≥C20 n-3 LC-PUFA (C20:5n-3 eicosapentaenoate, EPA + C22:5n3 docosapentaenoate, DPA + C22:6n3 docosahexanoate DHA); C18:3n-3 alpha-linolenate, ALA; C18:2 conjugated linoleic acid, CLA; total monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA; polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA contents; and reduced the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in all lamb organs and tissues without impacting shelf-life. The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of omega-3 oil in feedlot diets of lambs enhances the human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of edible muscle tissue and organs without compromising meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shedrach Benjamin Pewan
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Private Mail Bag 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - John Roger Otto
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-747-815-339
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Liu T, Wu JP, Lei ZM, Zhang M, Gong XY, Cheng SR, Liang Y, Wang JF. Fatty Acid Profile of Muscles from Crossbred Angus-Simmental, Wagyu-Simmental, and Chinese Simmental Cattles. Food Sci Anim Resour 2020; 40:563-577. [PMID: 32734264 PMCID: PMC7372984 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2020.e33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed breed differences in fatty acid composition and meat quality of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) and semitendinosus (SE) of Angus× Chinese Simmental (AS), Wagyu×Chinese Simmental (WS), and Chinese Simmental (CS). CS (n=9), AS (n=9) and WS (n=9) were randomly selected from a herd of 80 bulls which were fed and managed under similar conditions. Fatty acid profile and meat quality parameters were analyzed in duplicate. Significant breed difference was observed in fatty acid and meat quality profiles. AS exhibited significantly (p<0.05) lower C16:0 and higher C18:1n9c compared with CS. AS breed also had a tendency (p<0.10) to lower total saturated fatty acid (SFA), improve C18:3n3 and total unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) compared with CS. Crossbreed of AS and WS had significantly (p<0.05) improved the lightness, redness, and yellowness of muscles, and lowered cooking loss, pressing loss, and shear force compared with CS. These results indicated that fatty acid composition and meat quality generally differed among breeds, although the differences were not always similar in different tissues. Fatty acid composition, meat color, water holding capacity, and tenderness favored AS over CS. Thus, Angus cattle might be used to improve fatty acid and meat quality profiles of CS, and AS might contain better nutritive value, organoleptic properties, and flavor, and could be potentially developed as an ideal commercial crossbreed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
| | - Jian-Ping Wu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Gansu
730070, China
| | - Zhao-Min Lei
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
| | - Xu-Yin Gong
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Gansu
730070, China
| | - Shu-Ru Cheng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Civil Engineering, College
of Technology and Engineering, Lanzhou University of
Technology, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jian-Fu Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,
Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070,
China
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Comprehensive Evaluation of Parameters Affecting One-Step Method for Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Meat. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9090189. [PMID: 31540389 PMCID: PMC6780067 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9090189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite various direct transmethylation methods having been published and applied to analysis of meat fatty acid (FA) composition, there are still conflicting ideas about the best method for overcoming all the difficulties posed by analysis of complex mixtures of FA in meat. This study performed a systematic investigation of factors affecting a one-step method for quantitative analysis of fatty acids in freeze-dried animal tissue. Approximately 280 reactions, selected using factorial design, were performed to investigate the effect of temperature, reaction time, acid concentration, solvent volume, sample weight and sample moisture. The reaction yield for different types of fatty acids, including saturated, unsaturated (cis, trans and conjugated) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids was determined. The optimised condition for one-step transmethylation was attained with four millilitres 5% sulfuric acid in methanol (as acid catalyst), four millilitres toluene (as co-solvent), 300 mg of freeze-dried meat and incubation at 70 °C for 2 h, with interim mixing by inversion at 30, 60 and 90 min for 15 s. The optimised condition was applied to meat samples from different species, covering a broad range of fat content and offers a simplified and reliable method for analysis of fatty acids from meat samples.
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Li J, Wei L, Zhao C, Li J, Liu Z, Zhang M, Wang Y. Resveratrol Maintains Lipid Metabolism Homeostasis via One of the Mechanisms Associated with the Key Circadian Regulator Bmal1. Molecules 2019; 24:E2916. [PMID: 31408938 PMCID: PMC6718980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, and it can prevent liver lipid metabolism disorders in obese and diabetic individuals. This study elucidated the mechanisms of brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1) in the protective effects of RES against liver lipid metabolism disorders. The results indicated that RES ameliorated free fatty acid (FFA)-induced (oleic acid (OA): palmitic acid (PA) = 2:1) glycolipid metabolic disorders in hepatocytes. Simultaneously, RES partially reverted the relatively shallow daily oscillations of FFA-induced circadian clock gene transcription and protein expression in HepG2 cells. RES also attenuated FFA-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) secretion and restored mitochondrial membrane potential consumption, as well as the restoration of mitochondrial respiratory complex expression. This study provides compelling evidence that RES controls intracellular lipid metabolic imbalance in a Bmal1-dependent manner. Overall, RES may serve as a promising natural nutraceutical for the regulation of lipid metabolic disorders relevant to the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100089, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Liping Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Caicai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Yutang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Junjvlieke Z, Mei CG, Khan R, Zhang WZ, Hong JY, Wang L, Li SJ, Zan LS. Transcriptional regulation of bovine elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6 in lipid metabolism and adipocyte proliferation. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13932-13943. [PMID: 30945346 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6 (ELOVL6) gene encodes a key enzyme that plays a role in lipogenesis through the catalytic elongation of both saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Previous studies have described the high expression of bovine ELOVL6 in adipose tissues. However, transcriptional regulation and the functional role of ELOVL6 in lipid metabolism and adipocyte proliferation remain unexplored. Here, a 1.5 kb fragment of the 5'-untranslated region promoter region of ELOVL6 was amplified from the genomic DNA of Qinchuan cattle and sequenced. The core promoter region was identified through unidirectional 5'-end deletion of the promoter plasmid vector. In silico analysis predicted important transcription factors that were then validated through site-directed mutation and small interfering RNA interference with an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. We found that the binding of KLF6 and PU.1 transcription factors occurred in the region -168/+69. Both perform a vital regulatory function in the transcription of bovine ELOVL6. Overexpression of ELOVL6 significantly upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), but inhibited the expression of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), while silencing of ELOVL6 negatively regulated the messenger RNA expression level of PPARγ, FABP4, ACSL, and FATP1. In addition, ELOVL6 promotes adipocyte proliferation by regulating the cell-cycle genes' expression. Taken together, these findings provide useful information about the transcriptional regulation and functional mechanisms of bovine ELOVL6 in lipid metabolism and adipocyte proliferation in Qinchuan cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainaguli Junjvlieke
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chu-Gang Mei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Zhen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie-Yun Hong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin-Sen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Bhuiyan MSA, Kim YK, Kim HJ, Lee DH, Lee SH, Yoon HB, Lee SH. Genome-wide association study and prediction of genomic breeding values for fatty-acid composition in Korean Hanwoo cattle using a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:4063-4075. [PMID: 30265318 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection using high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers is used in dairy and beef cattle breeds to accurately estimate genomic breeding values and accelerate genetic improvement by enabling selection of animals with high genetic merit. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) aimed to identify genetic variants associated with beef fatty-acid composition (FAC) traits and to evaluate the accuracy of genomic predictions (GPs) for those traits using genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), pedigree BLUP (PBLUP), and BayesR models. Samples of the longissimus dorsi muscle of 965 thirty-month-old Hanwoo steers (progeny of 73 proven bulls) were used to investigate 14 FAC traits. Animals were genotyped or imputed using two bovine SNP platforms (50K and 777K), and after quality control, 38,715 (50K) and 633,448 (777K) SNPs were subjected to GWAS and GP study using a cross-validation scheme. SNP-based heritability estimates were moderate to high (0.25 to 0.47) for all studied traits, with some exceptions for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Association analysis revealed that 19 SNPs in BTA19 (98.7 kb) were significantly associated (P < 7.89 × 10-8) with C14:0 and C18:1n-9; these SNPs were in the fatty-acid synthase (FASN) and coiled-coil domain-containing 57 (CCDC57) genes. BayesR analysis revealed that 0.41 to 0.78% of the total SNPs (n = 2,571 to 4,904) explained almost all of the genetic variance; the majority of the SNPs (>99%) had negligible effects, suggesting that the FAC traits were polygenic. Genome partitioning analysis indicated mostly nonlinear and weak correlations between the variance explained by each chromosome and its length, which also reflected the considerable contributions of relatively few genes. The prediction accuracy of breeding values for FAC traits varied from low to high (0.25 to 0.57); the estimates using the GBLUP and BayesR methods were superior to those obtained by the PBLUP method. The BayesR method performed similarly to GBLUP for most of the studied traits but substantially better for those traits that were controlled by SNPs with large effects; this was supported by the GWAS results. In addition, the predictive abilities of the 50K and 777K SNP arrays were almost similar; thus, both are suitable for GP in Hanwoo cattle. In conclusion, this study provides important insight into the genetic architecture and predictive ability of FAC traits in Hanwoo cattle. Our findings could be used in selection and breeding programs to promote production of meat with enhanced nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S A Bhuiyan
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Dajeon, South Korea.,Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Yeong Kuk Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Dajeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Kim
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, PyeongChang, South Korea
| | - Doo Ho Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Dajeon, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Dajeon, South Korea
| | - Ho Baek Yoon
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, PyeongChang, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Dajeon, South Korea
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Guo R, Zhao B, Wang Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Yu Y, Yan Y, Zhang W, Liu Z, Liu X. Cichoric Acid Prevents Free-Fatty-Acid-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders via Regulating Bmal1 in HepG2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9667-9678. [PMID: 30036051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cichoric acid (CA), a polyphenol component from Echinacea purpurea, exhibits preventive effects on liver lipid-metabolism disorders in obesity. This research aimed to determine the role of circadian rhythm signaling during the process of CA-attenuated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. In the current study, CA treatments improved cell morphology changes and hepatic lipid levels, which were triggered by free fatty acids (2:1, oleate: palmitate) in a dose-dependent way. Besides, CA (200 μM) regulated the circadian rhythm expressions of clock genes and the relatively shallow daily oscillations. Moreover, silencing Bmal1 significantly blocked the p-Akt/Akt pathway to 80.1% ± 1.5% and the p-GSK3β/GSK3β pathway to 64.7% ± 2.8% ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, silencing Bmal1 elevated the expressions of FAS and ACC to 122.4% ± 5.6% and 114.9% ± 1.7% in protein levels ( p < 0.05) and to 166.5% ± 18.5% and 131.4% ± 5.5% in mRNA levels ( p < 0.05). Therefore, our results demonstrated that CA has a Bmal1 resistance to lipid accumulation by enhancing the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways and modulating the downstream expressions related to lipid metabolism, which indicated that CA might be useful as a natural and promising nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yutang Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yafan Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yuchen Yan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
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