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Li Q, Zheng T, Chen J, Li B, Zhang Q, Yang S, Shao J, Guan W, Zhang S. Exploring melatonin's multifaceted role in female reproductive health: From follicular development to lactation and its therapeutic potential in obstetric syndromes. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00168-1. [PMID: 38692429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is mainly secreted by the pineal gland during darkness and regulates biological rhythms through its receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. In addition, it also plays a role in the reproductive system by affecting the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and by acting as a free radical scavenger thus contributing to the maintenance of the optimal physiological state of the gonads. Besides, melatonin can freely cross the placenta to influence fetal development. However, there is still a lack of overall understanding of the role of melatonin in the reproductive cycle of female mammals. AIM OF REVIEW Here we focus the role of melatonin in female reproduction from follicular development to delivery as well as the relationship between melatonin and lactation. We further summarize the potential role of melatonin in the treatment of preeclampsia, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and ovarian aging. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Understanding the physiological role of melatonin in female reproductive processes will contribute to the advancement of human fertility and reproductive medicine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tenghui Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baofeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qianzi Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Siwang Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiayuan Shao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Meyer I, Haese E, Südekum KH, Sauerwein H, Müller U. The impact of automated, constant incomplete milking on energy balance, udder health, and subsequent performance in early lactation of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:641-654. [PMID: 37709023 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Incomplete milking (IM) is one way of mitigating the negative energy balance (NEB) that is characteristic for early lactation and may increase the risk for disease. Our objectives were to test the effects of IM in early lactation on energy balance (EB), metabolic status, udder health, and subsequent performance. To facilitate the practical application, an automated system was used to remove the milking clusters once a predefined amount of milk is withdrawn. Forty-six Holstein cows were equally allocated to either the treatment (TRT, starting on 8 d in milk) or the control group (CON; conventional cluster removal at milk flow rate <0.3 kg/min). Milk removal in the TRT group was limited to the individual cow's milk yield 1 d before IM started and held constant for 14 d. Thereafter, all cows were conventionally milked and records related to EB, performance, and udder health were continued up to 15 wk of lactation. During the 14 d of IM, on average 11.1% less milk was obtained from the TRT cows than from the CON cows. Thereafter, milk yield increased in the TRT group, eliminating the group difference throughout the remaining observation period until wk 15 of lactation. The TRT cows tended to have less dry matter intake and also water intake than the CON cows. The extent of the NEB and the circulating concentrations of fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, insulin-like growth factor-1, and leptin mostly did not differ between the groups. The IM did not affect body condition. Udder health was maintained over the entire observation period in all cows. Our results demonstrate the applicability of the automated cluster removal for limiting milk withdrawal to a defined amount in early lactation. However, it remains to be determined whether the absent effect on energy metabolism was due to the relatively stable energy status of the cows or to the relatively mild IM setting used herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meyer
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - E Haese
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K-H Südekum
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - U Müller
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Hernández-Castellano LE, Sørensen MT, Foldager L, Herskin MS, Gross JJ, Bruckmaier RM, Larsen M. Effects of feeding level, milking frequency, and single injection of cabergoline on blood metabolites, hormones, and minerals around dry-off in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:2919-2932. [PMID: 36894421 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the different dry-off strategies based on reducing feeding level (normal vs. reduced energy density), reducing milking frequency (twice vs. once daily), and administration of a dopamine agonist after last milking (i.e. saline vs. cabergoline injection) on blood metabolites, hormones, and minerals around dry-off. In this experiment, 119 Holstein dairy cows were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. In the last week before dry-off, cows were allocated to 1 of the 4 possible dry-off strategies based on feeding level and milking frequency. Within 3 h after last milking, cows were injected with either saline or a D2 dopamine agonist (cabergoline; Velactis, Ceva Santé Animale, Libourne, France; labeled for use only with abrupt dry-off, e.g., no preceding reduction in feeding level or milking frequency before last milking). After dry-off, all cows were fed the same dry cow diet and data collection continued for a week. Blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein on d -9, -6, -5, -2, 1, 2, 5, and 7 relative to dry-off. Additionally, blood was sampled at 0, 3, and 6 h relative to injection of either cabergoline or saline, equivalent to d 0.125, 0.250, and 0.375 relative to last milking (dry-off). The reduced feeding level before dry-off caused reduced glucose and insulin concentrations as well as increased free fatty acid concentrations, particularly when reduced feeding level was combined with milking the cows 2× daily. The intramuscular injection of cabergoline caused the expected reduction in circulating prolactin concentrations. In addition, dopamine-agonist cabergoline induced an atypical simultaneous pattern of plasma metabolites (i.e., increased glucose and free fatty acid concentrations), hormones (i.e., reduced insulin and increased cortisol concentrations), and minerals (i.e., reduced calcium concentration), indicating that normal metabolic and mineral homeostatic regulations were hindered after the injection of ergot alkaloid cabergoline. In conclusion, reducing milking frequency seems the best management strategy to reduce milk production at dry-off among those tested in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo E Hernández-Castellano
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University-Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Spain.
| | - Martin T Sørensen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University-Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Leslie Foldager
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University-Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 81, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mette S Herskin
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University-Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Josef J Gross
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rupert M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mogens Larsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University-Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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Nevard RP, Pant SD, Broster JC, Norman ST, Stephen CP. Maternal Behavior in Beef Cattle: The Physiology, Assessment and Future Directions-A Review. Vet Sci 2022; 10:vetsci10010010. [PMID: 36669011 PMCID: PMC9863767 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine maternal behavior is known to be influenced by a variety of factors including hormonal mediation, breed, age, parity, host genetics and general management practices. Following centuries of varying levels of domestication processes, the behavior of the bovine cow has altered from that of her original wild ungulate ancestors, although many maternal instincts have remained unchanged. The influence of maternal behavior on calf health and performance is of interest to cow-calf beef production operations, as in most instances, the cow is solely responsible for rearing the calf until weaning. However, investigating the magnitude of this influence is challenging, in part because objective measurement of behavioral traits is difficult, particularly in extensive settings. In recent years, while a number of remote monitoring devices have been developed that afford opportunities for objective measurement of behavioral traits in livestock, characterization of physiological mechanisms that underlie superior maternal behavior, including identification of potential biomarkers remains elusive in cattle. Hormonal profiles during the periparturient period have been shown to influence behavioral patterns in both current and future generations in other mammalian species and may provide insights into the physiology of bovine maternal behavior. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe general characteristics of bovine maternal behavior and the factors known to influence it, including hormonal drivers, through which cross-reference to other species is made. Current methods of measuring and assessing behavior that may also be applicable to most production settings have also been reviewed. At present, there is no known hormonal assay that can be used to measure and/or reliably predict bovine maternal behavior post-calving or across generations. Being able to objectively assess superior maternal behavior, whether that be through remote monitoring, hormonal profiling or indirectly through measuring calf performance will be beneficial to livestock industries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory P. Nevard
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.P.N.); (C.P.S.)
| | - Sameer D. Pant
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - John C. Broster
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Scott T. Norman
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Kallangur Veterinary Surgery, Kallangur, QLD 4503, Australia
| | - Cyril P. Stephen
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.P.N.); (C.P.S.)
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Bach L, Ammann J, Bruckmaier RM, Müller U, Umstätter C. Drying-off practices on Swiss dairy farms: Status quo and adoption potential of integrating incomplete milking. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:8342-8353. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sadighara P, Abedini A, Zirak MR, Salehi A, Darbandi Azar S, Mirzaei G, Vakili Saatloo N. Relationship between styrene exposure and prolactin secretion in human and animal studies: A systematic review. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221133538. [PMID: 36321261 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221133538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Styrene is widely used in industrial applications. Inhalation exposure occurs in the industry. Some studies indicated that serum prolactin concentrations increased after exposure to styrene, while other studies found no change. In this systematic review, the search was done with the keywords styrene and prolactin in the PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scopus databases, regardless of the publication period. 118 studies were obtained and only seven articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. The effect of styrene on prolactin secretion was selected in both human and animal studies. The increased response was seen in inhalation exposures. Subcutaneous exposure has no significant effect on prolactin levels. The observed responses were both dose-dependent and gender-dependent. Changes in serum prolactin were more frequent in women compared to exposed men. Dopamine depletion was not observed in all studies, so more tests on laboratory animals are necessary to clarify the possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sadighara
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Abedini
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M-R Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Salehi
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Darbandi Azar
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, 556492Shaheed Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Mirzaei
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Vakili Saatloo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, 117045Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Marins TN, Gao J, Yang Q, Binda RM, Pessoa CMB, Orellana Rivas RM, Garrick M, Melo VHLR, Chen YC, Bernard JK, Garcia M, Chapman JD, Kirk DJ, Tao S. Impact of heat stress and a feed supplement on hormonal and inflammatory responses of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8276-8289. [PMID: 33865597 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effects of an immunomodulatory supplement (OmniGen AF, OG; Phibro Animal Health Corp.) and heat stress on hormonal, inflammatory, and immunological responses of lactating dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement using 2 environments: cooled using fans and misters, or noncooled, and 2 top-dressed feed supplements (56 g/d): OG or a placebo (CTL). Temperature-humidity index averaged 78 during the 8-wk trial. Blood was drawn to analyze cortisol, prolactin, and circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-10. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and stimulated with hydrocortisone, prolactin, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), individually or in several combinations, to assess induced proliferation and cytokine production. At d 52, 6 cows per treatment were injected i.v. with an LPS bolus (ivLPS) to assess hormone and cytokine responses. For cooled cows, feeding OG increased plasma cortisol concentration relative to CTL. Noncooled cows fed CTL had lower circulating TNF-α concentrations than noncooled-OG and cooled-CTL cows, with cooled-OG intermediate. Hydrocortisone+LPS-stimulated PBMC from OG cows tended to proliferate more than CTL. Relative to cooled cows, PBMC from noncooled cows produced more TNF-α and IL-10 when stimulated with LPS. Following ivLPS, cooled-OG cows had a greater cortisol response than the other treatments. In conclusion, OG supplementation enhanced cortisol release under basal condition and induced inflammation with cooling compared with CTL. This suggests that heat stress inhibits OG-mediated cortisol release. Heat stress seemed to enhance the inflammatory responses of PBMC from lactating cows. However, OG supplementation promoted PBMC proliferation under stress, or in the presence of hydrocortisone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago N Marins
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Rafael M Binda
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Caíque M B Pessoa
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | | | - Morgan Garrick
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Victor H L R Melo
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - Yun-Chu Chen
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | - John K Bernard
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793
| | | | | | | | - Sha Tao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793.
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Cosso G, Mura MC, Pulinas L, Curone G, Vigo D, Carcangiu V, Luridiana S. Effects of melatonin treatment on milk traits, reproductive performance and immune response in Sarda dairy sheep. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1904796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cosso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Pulinas
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giulio Curone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carcangiu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Caja G, Elhadi A, Such X, Salama AAK. Suppression of prolactin and reduction of milk secretion by effect of cabergoline in lactating dairy ewes. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:12033-12044. [PMID: 33041043 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-18087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effects of cabergoline, an ergot derivative and dopamine receptor agonist, were investigated in 30 ewes of 2 dairy breeds (Manchega; MN, n = 15; Lacaune; LC, n = 15). Ewes were in a similar late-lactation stage, but differed in milk yield according to breed (MN vs. LC, 1.02 ± 0.03 vs. 2.27 ± 0.05 kg/d). Treatments consisted of a single intramuscular injection of cabergoline at different doses per ewe. Cabergoline doses (per ewe) were: low (0.56 mg), high (1.12 mg), and control (CON; 0 mg; 1 mL of saline). Milk yield was recorded daily (d -14 to 25), milk and blood were sampled, and udder traits were measured from d -2 to 14 after injection. No local reaction at the injection site, nor behavior and metabolic indicators of the ewes were detected after the cabergoline injection, but milk yield fell rapidly in both breeds (MN vs. LC, -54% vs. -27%) when compared with CON ewes. Cabergoline effects progressively disappeared after d 5, and no milk yield differences between treatments were detected from d 8 to 25 after injection. Milk fat and protein contents increased similarly (22% and 23%; respectively) in both breeds and at both cabergoline doses until d 5, and the effects disappeared thereafter. Plasma prolactin (PRL) decreased dramatically in the low- and high-treated ewes the day after injection when compared with the CON ewes, and reached values below the detection limit of the assay between d 1 and 5, increasing similarly thereafter. On d 14, PRL values were 58% greater in the low- and high-treated than in the CON ewes, showing that PRL concentrations rebounded when the cabergoline effects ceased. Total udder volume correlated with milk accumulated in the udder (r = 0.77) of all groups of ewes throughout the experiment, suggesting its use as a noninvasive method for the estimation of milk stored in the udder. Udder volume was similar for the low and high ewes, but both values were lower than those of the CON ewes from d 1 to 14 after injection. No other effects on udder size were detected. Cabergoline dramatically inhibited PRL secretion and decreased milk yield and udder volume of lactating dairy ewes. The low dose of cabergoline was as effective as the high dose in the 2 breeds of dairy ewes. These results suggest the use of cabergoline to facilitate the decrease of milk production in dairy ewes (e.g., dry-off, illness care), although further research in pregnant dairy ewes and during the following lactation is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Caja
- Group of Research in Ruminants (G2R), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Elhadi
- Group of Research in Ruminants (G2R), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - X Such
- Group of Research in Ruminants (G2R), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A A K Salama
- Group of Research in Ruminants (G2R), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Alhussien MN, Dang AK. Interaction between stress hormones and phagocytic cells and its effect on the health status of dairy cows: A review. Vet World 2020; 13:1837-1848. [PMID: 33132594 PMCID: PMC7566244 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1837-1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cows are exposed to various stressors during their production cycle that makes them more susceptible to various diseases. Phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) are important soldiers of the innate immune system. Neutrophils are the first responders to an inflammatory response and stress and kill pathogens by generating reactive oxygen species and by the release of various antimicrobial peptides, enzymes, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, etc. Macrophages, the other phagocytes, are also the cleanup crew for the innate immune system that removes debris, pathogens, and dead neutrophils later on after an inflammatory response. The neuroendocrine system along with phagocytes exhibits an immunomodulatory potential during stressful conditions. Neuroendocrine system directly affects the activity of phagocytes by communicating bidirectionally through shared receptors and messenger molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or cytokines. Different immune cells may show variable responses to each hormone. Short time exposure to stress can be beneficial, but repeated or extended exposure to stress may be detrimental to the overall health and well-being of an animal. Although some stresses associated with farming practices in dairy cows are unavoidable, better understanding of the interactions occurring between various stress hormones and phagocytic cells can help to reduce stress, improve productivity and animal welfare. This review highlights the role played by various stress hormones in modulating phagocytic cell performance of dairy cattle under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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International workshop on the biology of lactation in farm animals. Animal 2019; 13:s1-s3. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119001344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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