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Szaszi B, Palfi B, Szollosi A, Kieslich PJ, Aczel B. Thinking dynamics and individual differences: Mouse-tracking analysis of the denominator neglect task – CORRIGENDUM. JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING 2023. [DOI: 10.1017/jdm.2023.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Cognitive miserliness in argument literacy? Effects of intuitive and
analytic thinking on recognizing fallacies. JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s193029750000913x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Fallacies are a particular type of informal argument that are
psychologically compelling and often used for rhetorical purposes. Fallacies
are unreasonable because the reasons they provide for their claims are
irrelevant or insufficient. Ability to recognize the weakness of fallacies
is part of what we call argument literacy and imporatant in rational
thinking. Here we examine classic fallacies of types found in textbooks. In
an experiment, participants evaluated the quality of fallacies and
reasonable arguments. We instructed participants to think either
intuitively, using their first impressions, or analytically, using rational
deliberation. We analyzed responses, response times, and cursor trajectories
(captured using mouse tracking). The results indicate that instructions to
think analytically made people spend more time on the task but did not make
them change their minds more often. When participants made errors, they were
drawn towards the correct response, while responding correctly was more
straightforward. The results are compatible with “smart intuition” accounts
of dual-process theories of reasoning, rather than with corrective
default-interventionist accounts. The findings are discussed in relation to
whether theories developed to account for formal reasoning can help to
explain the processing of everyday arguments.
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