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Chen Z. Precision Public Health in China: Opportunities and Challenges. China CDC Wkly 2022; 4:695-696. [PMID: 36060442 PMCID: PMC9433756 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2022.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, GA, USA,The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Zhejiang Province, China,Chen Zhuo,
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India's Opportunities and Challenges in Establishing a Twin Registry: An Unexplored Human Resource for the World's Second-Most Populous Nation. Twin Res Hum Genet 2022; 25:156-164. [PMID: 35786423 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2022.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nature and nurture have always been a prerogative of evolutionary biologists. The environment's role in shaping an organism's phenotype has always intrigued us. Since the inception of humankind, twinning has existed with an unsettled parley on the contribution of nature (i.e. genetics) versus nurture (i.e. environment), which can influence the phenotypes. The study of twins measures the genetic contribution and that of the environmental influence for a particular trait, acting as a catalyst, fine-tuning the phenotypic trajectories. This is further evident because a number of human diseases show a spectrum of clinical manifestations with the same underlying molecular aberration. As of now, there is no definite way to conclude just from the genomic data the severity of a disease or even to predict who will get affected. This greatly justifies initiating a twin registry for a country as diverse and populated as India. There is an unmet need to set up a nationwide database to carefully curate the information on twins, serving as a valuable biorepository to study their overall susceptibility to disease. Establishing a twin registry is of paramount importance to harness the wealth of human information related to the biomedical, anthropological, cultural, social and economic significance.
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Enck P, Goebel-Stengel M, Rieß O, Hübener-Schmid J, Kagan KO, Nieß AM, Tümmers H, Wiesing U, Zipfel S, Stengel A. [Twin research in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:1298-1306. [PMID: 34524474 PMCID: PMC8441034 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurden weltweit Zwillingskohorten aufgebaut, die inzwischen ca. 1,5 Mio. Zwillinge umfassen und zwischen 1950 und 2012 über 2748 Zwillingsstudien hervorgebracht haben. Diese Zahl steigt jedes Jahr um weitere 500 bis 1000. Die Unterrepräsentanz deutscher Zwillingsstudien in diesen Datenbanken lässt sich nicht allein durch den Missbrauch medizinischer Forschung im Nationalsozialismus erklären. Entwicklung und Ausbau großer Zwillingskohorten sind ethisch und datenschutzrechtlich eine Herausforderung. Zwillingskohorten ermöglichen jedoch die Langzeit- und Echtzeiterforschung vieler medizinischer Fragestellungen; und die Zwillingsstudien tragen auch nach der Entschlüsselung des Humangenoms erheblich zur Beantwortung der Frage nach Anlage oder Umwelt als mögliche Erkrankungsauslöser bei. Derzeit gibt es 2 deutsche Zwillingskohorten: die biomedizinische Kohorte HealthTwiSt mit ca. 1500 Zwillingspaaren und TwinLife, eine soziologisch-psychologische Kohorte mit ca. 4000 Zwillingspaaren. Daneben gibt es krankheitsspezifische Kohorten. 2016 startete das TwinHealth-Konsortium der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Tübingen mit dem Ziel, eine forschungsoffene und nachhaltige Zwillingsforschung am Standort Tübingen zur Bearbeitung unterschiedlicher Fragestellungen zu etablieren. Der Artikel bietet mithilfe einer systematischen Literaturrecherche und einer medizinhistorischen Betrachtung einen Überblick über die weltweite und nationale Entwicklung von Zwillingsstudien und -datenbanken der letzten 100 Jahre. Anhand der Tübinger TwinHealth-Initiative beleuchtet er den Aufbau eines Zwillingskollektivs und dessen juristische, ethische und Datenschutzaspekte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Enck
- Innere Medizin VI, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Miriam Goebel-Stengel
- Innere Medizin VI, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland. .,Klinik für Innere Medizin, Helios Klinik Rottweil, Rottweil, Deutschland.
| | - Olaf Rieß
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Angewandte Genomik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Jeannette Hübener-Schmid
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Angewandte Genomik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Karl Oliver Kagan
- Department für Frauengesundheit, Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Andreas Michael Nieß
- Innere Medizin V, Sportmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Henning Tümmers
- Institut für Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Urban Wiesing
- Institut für Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Innere Medizin VI, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Innere Medizin VI, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
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Abtahi H, Gholamzadeh M, Shahmoradi L, Shariat M. An information-based framework for development national twin registry: Scoping review and focus group discussion. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021; 36:1423-1444. [PMID: 34519094 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Registries in various clinical domains have been established in the last decades. The specific genetic structure of twins has enabled researchers to find answers to the role of genetics and the environment in medical sciences. Thus, twin registries were developed across the world to support twin studies. Our main objective was to devise a conceptual model for developing the national twin registry to ensure the success of this registry. METHODS In this descriptive and qualitative study, the combination of literature review and focus group discussions was applied to achieve suitable models for developing a national twin registry based on lessons learned from founded registries. The qualitative synthesis and reporting results were conducted based on the COREQ checklist. RESULTS According to a systematic literature review, the characteristics and employed strategies employed by established twin registries were recognized. Moreover, based on our objectives, suitable models for registry development were defined. The source of information, the different levels of data, and the information flow were determined based on this model. CONCLUSION Suggesting a conceptual framework for twin registry development at the national level based on the experiences of other countries could contribute to a greater understanding of twin registry implementation efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Abtahi
- Associate Professor of Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marsa Gholamzadeh
- Ph.D. Student in Medical Informatics, Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Shahmoradi
- Associate Professor of Health Information Management, Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Family Health Research Institute, Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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