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Wang M, Zhang W, Yang L, Li Y, Zheng H, Dou H. Flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multidetector: A robust approach for the separation and characterization of resistant starch. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101267. [PMID: 38468634 PMCID: PMC10926298 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique properties of resistant starch (RS) have made it applicable in the formulation of a broad range of functional foods. The physicochemical properties of RS play a crucial role in its applications. Recently, flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF) has attracted increasing interest in the separation and characterization of different categories of RS. In this review, an overview of the theory behind FlFFF is introduced, and the controllable factors, including FlFFF channel design, sample separation conditions, and the choice of detector, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the applications of FlFFF for the separation and characterization of RS at both the granule and molecule levels are critically reviewed. The aim of this review is to equip readers with a fundamental understanding of the theoretical principle of FlFFF and to highlight the potential for expanding the application of RS through the valuable insights gained from FlFFF coupled with multidetector analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease of Hebei Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease of Hebei Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease of Hebei Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yueqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease of Hebei Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hailiang Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Haiyang Dou
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease of Hebei Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Gopalakrishnan A, Bouby M, Schäfer AI. Membrane-organic solute interactions in asymmetric flow field flow fractionation: Interplay of hydrodynamic and electrostatic forces. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158891. [PMID: 36411600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The structure and size characterization of organic matter (OM) using flow field-flow fractionation (FFFF) is interesting due to the numerous interactions of OM in aquatic systems and water treatment processes. The estimation of hydrodynamic and electrostatic forces involved in the fractionation of OM over different molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membranes is vital for a better understanding of the FFFF process. This work aims to understand the membrane-OM interactive forces with respect to membrane MWCO, solute molecular weight, flow rates, solution pH and ionic strength. Polystyrene sulfonate sodium salt (PSS) of molecular weights 10, 30 and 65 kDa were used as model organic solutes for fractionation over ultrafiltration (UF) membranes of MWCO 1-30 kDa. Maximum fractionation of PSS was achieved by using a tight membrane of 1 kDa MWCO at the conditions of high permeate flow rate (1.5-2.0 mL·min-1), low concentrate flow rate (0.2-0.3 mL·min-1) and low ionic strength (10 mM). The better fractionation corresponds to high permeate drag force and low concentrate drag force. A low membrane-solute DLVO interaction is favourable for the retention of a small solute. This study illustrated that FFFF characteristics can be analyzed based on membrane-solute interactive forces controlled by selected flow, size and charge parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Muriel Bouby
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrea I Schäfer
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation: A Useful Tool for the Separation of Protein Pharmaceuticals and Particulate Systems. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4029-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Dou H, Lee YJ, Jung EC, Lee BC, Lee S. Study on steric transition in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and application to characterization of high-energy material. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1304:211-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Martin M, Beckett R. Size Selectivity in Field-Flow Fractionation: Lift Mode of Retention with Near-Wall Lift Force. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6540-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp212414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Martin
- Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (PMMH - UMR 7636 CNRS - ESPCI-ParisTech - Université Pierre et Marie Curie 6 - Université Paris Diderot), 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ronald Beckett
- Water Studies Centre, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Yohannes G, Jussila M, Hartonen K, Riekkola ML. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation technique for separation and characterization of biopolymers and bioparticles. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4104-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Park MR, Chum YS, Kang DY, Yu SK, Choi SH, Lee KH, Lee S. Effect of Reaction Parameters on Size Distribution of Emulsion-Polymerized Polystyrene Latex Beads Studied by Gravitational Flow-Flow Fractionation (GrFFF). J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070902787336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ri Park
- a Department of Chemistry , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
| | - Young Soon Chum
- a Department of Chemistry , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
| | - Da Young Kang
- a Department of Chemistry , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
| | - Seok Keun Yu
- b Department of Information and Biomaterials , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
| | - Seong Ho Choi
- a Department of Chemistry , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
| | - Kyou Ho Lee
- c Department of Information and Communications Engineering , Inje University , Kimhe, Korea Republic
| | - Seungho Lee
- a Department of Chemistry , Hannam University , Daejeon, Korea Republic
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Melucci D, Zattoni A, Casolari S, Reggiani M, Sanz R, Reschiglian P. WORKING WITHOUT ACCUMULATION MEMBRANE IN FLOW FFF. EFFECT OF SAMPLE LOADING ON RECOVERY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120014002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Melucci
- a Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” , University of Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, Bologna, I-40126, Italy
| | - A. Zattoni
- a Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” , University of Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, Bologna, I-40126, Italy
| | - S. Casolari
- a Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” , University of Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, Bologna, I-40126, Italy
| | - M. Reggiani
- a Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” , University of Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, Bologna, I-40126, Italy
| | - R. Sanz
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry , University of Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona, E-08028, Spain
| | - P. Reschiglian
- a Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” , University of Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, Bologna, I-40126, Italy
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Roda A, Mirasoli M, Melucci D, Reschiglian P. Toward Multianalyte Immunoassays: A Flow-Assisted, Solid-Phase Format with Chemiluminescence Detection. Clin Chem 2005; 51:1993-5. [PMID: 16299900 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.053108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Gimbert LJ, Andrew KN, Haygarth PM, Worsfold PJ. Environmental applications of flow field-flow fractionation (FIFFF). Trends Analyt Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-9936(03)01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Flow field-flow fractionation with chemiluminescence detection for flow-assisted, multianalyte assays in heterogeneous phase. J Sep Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200301536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Reschiglian P, Zattoni A, Roda B, Cinque L, Melucci D, Min BR, Moon MH. Hyperlayer hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation of cells. J Chromatogr A 2003; 985:519-29. [PMID: 12580521 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interest in low-cost, analytical-scale, highly efficient and sensitive separation methods for cells, among which bacteria, is increasing. Particle separation in hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation (HF FlFFF) has been recently improved by the optimization of the HF FIFFF channel design. The intrinsic simplicity and low cost of this HF FlFFF channel allows for its disposable usage. which is particularly appealing for analytical bio-applications. Here, for the first time, we present a feasibility study on high-performance, hyperlayer HF FIFFF of micrometer-sized bacteria (Escherichia coli) and of different types of cells (human red blood cells, wine-making yeast from Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Fractionation performance is shown to be at least comparable to that obtained with conventional, flat-channel hyperlayer FIFFF of cells, at superior size-based selectivity and reduced analysis time.
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Wahlund KG, Zattoni A. Size separation of supermicrometer particles in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Flow conditions for rapid elution. Anal Chem 2002; 74:5621-8. [PMID: 12433097 DOI: 10.1021/ac020315s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The performance of lift-hyperlayer asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation using rapid elution conditions was tested through the separation of standard polystyrene latex particles of diameters from 2 to 20 microm. Optimization of flowrates was studied not only in order to obtain efficient and rapid separation, but also to work under conditions of various shape and steepness of the axial flow velocity gradient. Using extreme flow conditions, the five widely spaced particle sizes, 20.5-, 15.0-, 9.7-, 5.0-, and 2.0-microm diameter, could be resolved in 6 min, whereas for the narrower size range of 20.5-5.0 microm, 1 min was enough. The size selectivity in the size range 9.7-2.0 microm was studied as a function of flowrates and particle size and was found to be constant. A particle trapping device made it possible to separate particles of sizes > 10 microm, which has previously proven to be difficult in asymmetrical channels.
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Reschiglian P, Zattoni A, Roda B, Casolari S, Moon MH, Lee J, Jung J, Rodmalm K, Cenacchi G. Bacteria sorting by field-flow fractionation. Application to whole-cell Escherichia coil vaccine strains. Anal Chem 2002; 74:4895-904. [PMID: 12380810 DOI: 10.1021/ac020199t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sorting and quantification of deactivated bacteria is an important way of quality control for whole-cell bacterial vaccines. In general, surface features of deactivated bacteria used for whole-cell bacterial vaccines affect the immunoresponse to bacteria-associated antigens. Enumeration of bacteria is also an important process development parameter for these vaccines. Field-flow fractionation (FFF) was previously applied to the separation of bacteria. For the first time, FFF is used for sorting bacteria strains of the same species on the basis of differences in bacterial membrane characteristics. Two FFF techniques, gravitational FFF (GrFFF) and asymmetrical flow FFF (AsFIFFF), are shown to be able to fractionate, distinguish, and quantify different deactivated Escherichia coli strains used for vaccines. E. coli can differ in the presence of fimbriae on the bacterial membrane. Fimbriae affect E. coli pathology and thus the use of E. coli for vaccines. GrFFF and AsFIFFF are able to fractionate fimbriated/ nonfimbriated cells in mixtures of different strains. While GrFFF is characterized by low cost and simplicity, As-FIFFF shows a higher performance in size fractionation with a high-speed separation. Coupled, on-line UV/visible turbidimetry yields the relative numbers of fractionated cells and sample recovery. Scanning electron microscopy and quasi-elastic light scattering are employed as uncorrelated techniques for size and morphology analysis of the E. coli strains.
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Zanardi-Lamardo E, Clark CD, Moore CA, Zika RG. Comparison of the molecular mass and optical properties of colored dissolved organic material in two rivers and coastal waters by flow field-flow fractionation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2002; 36:2806-2814. [PMID: 12144250 DOI: 10.1021/es015792r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Colored dissolved organic material (CDOM) is an important sunlight absorbing substance affecting the optical properties of natural waters. However, little is known about its structural and optical properties mainly due to its complex matrix and the limitation of the techniques available. A comparison of two southwestern Florida rivers [the Caloosahatchee River (CR) and the Shark River (SR)] was done in terms of molecular mass (MM) and diffusion coefficients (D). The novel technique Frit inlet/frit outlet-flow field-flow fractionation (FIFO-FIFFF) with absorbance and fluorescence detectors was used to determine these properties. The SR receives organic material from the Everglades. By contrast, the CR arises from Lake Okeechobee in central Florida, receiving anthropogenic inputs, farming runoff, and natural organics. Both rivers discharge to the Gulf of Mexico. Fluorescence identified, for both rivers, two different MM distributions in low salinity water samples: the first was centered at approximately 1.7 kDa (CR) and approximately 2 kDa (SR); the second centered at approximately 13 kDa for both rivers, which disappeared gradually in the river plumes to below detection limit in coastal waters. Absorbance detected only one MM distribution centered at approximately 2 kDa (CR) and 2.2-2.4 kDa (SR). Fluorescence in general peaked at a lower MM than absorbance, suggesting a different size distribution for fluorophores vs chromophores. A photochemical study showed that, after sunlight, irradiated freshwater samples have similar characteristics to more marine waters, including a shift in MM distribution of chromophores. The differences observed between the rivers in the optical characteristics, MM distributions, and D values suggest that the CDOM sources, physical, and photochemical degradation processes are different for these two rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Florida 33149, USA.
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High performance, disposable hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation for bacteria and cells. First application to deactivatedVibrio cholerae. J Sep Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1615-9314(20020601)25:8<490::aid-jssc490>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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